{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2214393799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlhcc.2015.7357199","title":"Exploring novice programmer example use","display_name":"Exploring novice programmer example use","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2214393799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlhcc.2015.7357199","mag":"2214393799"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vlhcc.2015.7357199","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlhcc.2015.7357199","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007274661","display_name":"Michelle Ichinco","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michelle Ichinco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042259261","display_name":"Caitlin Kelleher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9470-1478"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caitlin Kelleher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"63","last_page":"71"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13197","display_name":"Spreadsheets and End-User Computing","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programmer","display_name":"Programmer","score":0.923675537109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8538628816604614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.6282826662063599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.5440672039985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5259858965873718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5221022367477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.5150894522666931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.5012617111206055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.43254226446151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pair-programming","display_name":"Pair programming","score":0.42444276809692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.28449273109436035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.24245604872703552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.14485785365104675}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778514511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374194","display_name":"Programmer","level":2,"score":0.923675537109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8538628816604614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.6282826662063599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5440672039985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5259858965873718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5221022367477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.5150894522666931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5012617111206055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.43254226446151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174063052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q607013","display_name":"Pair programming","level":4,"score":0.42444276809692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.28449273109436035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.24245604872703552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.14485785365104675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vlhcc.2015.7357199","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlhcc.2015.7357199","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W84457240","https://openalex.org/W1539659309","https://openalex.org/W1540823594","https://openalex.org/W1578707244","https://openalex.org/W1808011207","https://openalex.org/W1839421070","https://openalex.org/W1992154356","https://openalex.org/W2004309083","https://openalex.org/W2006202761","https://openalex.org/W2016450006","https://openalex.org/W2028487549","https://openalex.org/W2030676502","https://openalex.org/W2051074879","https://openalex.org/W2063247670","https://openalex.org/W2069831977","https://openalex.org/W2081072446","https://openalex.org/W2102335485","https://openalex.org/W2120514094","https://openalex.org/W2122401044","https://openalex.org/W2123955623","https://openalex.org/W2139374478","https://openalex.org/W2160694571","https://openalex.org/W2161847731","https://openalex.org/W2162036325","https://openalex.org/W4230913528","https://openalex.org/W6603437150","https://openalex.org/W6634722837","https://openalex.org/W6638806197"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2127781587","https://openalex.org/W2346442966","https://openalex.org/W3007026952","https://openalex.org/W3081644756","https://openalex.org/W3004602269","https://openalex.org/W1544611739","https://openalex.org/W2029208236","https://openalex.org/W2214393799","https://openalex.org/W4312763760","https://openalex.org/W3005789994"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Both":[0],"experienced":[1],"and":[2,112,118],"novice":[3,44],"programmers":[4],"use":[5,24],"examples":[6,56],"while":[7],"programming,":[8],"whether":[9],"from":[10],"tutorials,":[11],"forums,":[12],"or":[13],"source":[14],"code.":[15,27],"Novice":[16],"programmers,":[17],"however,":[18],"often":[19],"find":[20],"it":[21,38],"challenging":[22],"to":[23,40,57,107],"unfamiliar":[25],"example":[26,46,97,106,123],"Little":[28],"is":[29],"known":[30],"about":[31],"the":[32,67,71,74,77,92,96,105],"challenges":[33],"of":[34,53,104,115],"using":[35,55,95],"examples,":[36],"making":[37],"difficult":[39],"design":[41],"support":[42],"for":[43,121],"programmer":[45],"use.":[47,108,124],"We":[48,109],"ran":[49],"an":[50,81],"exploratory":[51],"study":[52],"novices":[54],"complete":[58],"programming":[59,63],"tasks.":[60],"To":[61],"analyze":[62],"behaviors,":[64,117],"we":[65],"define":[66],"`realization":[68],"point'":[69],"as":[70],"time":[72,90],"when":[73],"participants":[75,87],"discover":[76],"crucial":[78],"concept":[79],"in":[80],"example.":[82],"Our":[83],"results":[84],"show":[85],"that":[86],"spent":[88],"more":[89],"after":[91],"realization":[93],"point":[94],"than":[98],"they":[99],"did":[100],"identifying":[101],"which":[102],"part":[103],"describe":[110],"hurdles":[111],"strategies,":[113],"types":[114],"tasks":[116],"finally,":[119],"implications":[120],"supporting":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
