{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2076668726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlhcc.2011.6070391","title":"#ifdef confirmed harmful: Promoting understandable software variation","display_name":"#ifdef confirmed harmful: Promoting understandable software variation","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2076668726","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlhcc.2011.6070391","mag":"2076668726"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vlhcc.2011.6070391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlhcc.2011.6070391","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075098210","display_name":"Duc Minh Le","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7654-1127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duc Le","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oregon State University, USA","Oregon State University , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057741632","display_name":"Eric Walkingshaw","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1214-0791"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Walkingshaw","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oregon State University, USA","Oregon State University , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111448764","display_name":"M. Erwig","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Erwig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oregon State University, USA","Oregon State University , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6057,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90413522,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"143","last_page":"150"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10639","display_name":"Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7830878496170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maintainability","display_name":"Maintainability","score":0.6561824679374695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variation","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","score":0.6545467376708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.610957682132721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.5886631011962891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.5876114964485168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.5039388537406921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-maintenance","display_name":"Software maintenance","score":0.5001306533813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backporting","display_name":"Backporting","score":0.49644309282302856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-construction","display_name":"Software construction","score":0.4852592647075653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.43498626351356506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.4214625358581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.28379786014556885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7830878496170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160713754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1389965","display_name":"Maintainability","level":2,"score":0.6561824679374695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.6545467376708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.610957682132721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5886631011962891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5876114964485168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.5039388537406921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101317890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q940053","display_name":"Software maintenance","level":4,"score":0.5001306533813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21491501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q430253","display_name":"Backporting","level":5,"score":0.49644309282302856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186846655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398377","display_name":"Software construction","level":4,"score":0.4852592647075653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.43498626351356506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.4214625358581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.28379786014556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vlhcc.2011.6070391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vlhcc.2011.6070391","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.208.2179","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.208.2179","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://eecs.oregonstate.edu/%7Eerwig/papers/CPPUserStudy_VLHCC11.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1564623840","https://openalex.org/W1585231177","https://openalex.org/W1981271663","https://openalex.org/W2016954568","https://openalex.org/W2029414465","https://openalex.org/W2069942764","https://openalex.org/W2072325005","https://openalex.org/W2099213660","https://openalex.org/W2112594421","https://openalex.org/W2120789318","https://openalex.org/W2121771606","https://openalex.org/W2126763183","https://openalex.org/W2143238865","https://openalex.org/W2144498941","https://openalex.org/W2171002355","https://openalex.org/W3015856939","https://openalex.org/W4230079112","https://openalex.org/W6657725327","https://openalex.org/W6675205218","https://openalex.org/W6678051792"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1550175302","https://openalex.org/W2116008261","https://openalex.org/W2005453250","https://openalex.org/W1030291163","https://openalex.org/W2182704145","https://openalex.org/W3186869374","https://openalex.org/W1584225891","https://openalex.org/W2031796104","https://openalex.org/W2049696050","https://openalex.org/W1537752520"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Maintaining":[0],"variation":[1,75],"in":[2],"software":[3,18,74],"is":[4,25,43],"a":[5,70,91],"difficult":[6],"problem":[7,67],"that":[8,96],"poses":[9],"serious":[10],"challenges":[11],"for":[12,45,53,72,121],"the":[13,21,27,55,77,83,97,115,122],"understanding":[14],"and":[15,40,49,57,88,106,130],"editing":[16],"of":[17,37,59,117,124],"artifacts.":[19],"Although":[20],"C":[22],"preprocessor":[23],"(CPP)":[24],"often":[26],"default":[28],"tool":[29],"used":[30],"to":[31,34],"introduce":[32],"variability":[33],"software,":[35],"because":[36],"its":[38,46],"simplicity":[39],"flexibility,":[41],"it":[42],"infamous":[44],"obtrusive":[47],"syntax":[48],"has":[50],"been":[51],"blamed":[52],"reducing":[54],"comprehensibility":[56],"maintainability":[58],"software.":[60],"In":[61],"this":[62,66],"paper,":[63],"we":[64],"address":[65],"by":[68],"developing":[69],"prototype":[71,87,98],"managing":[73],"at":[76],"source":[78],"code":[79,104],"level.":[80],"We":[81],"evaluate":[82],"difference":[84],"between":[85],"our":[86],"CPP":[89],"with":[90],"user":[92],"study,":[93],"which":[94],"indicates":[95],"helps":[99],"users":[100],"reason":[101],"about":[102],"variational":[103],"faster":[105],"more":[107],"accurately":[108],"than":[109],"CPP.":[110],"Our":[111],"results":[112],"also":[113],"support":[114],"research":[116],"others,":[118],"providing":[119],"evidence":[120],"effectiveness":[123],"related":[125],"tools,":[126],"such":[127],"as":[128],"CIDE":[129],"FeatureCommander.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
