{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416042730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vl-hcc65237.2025.00038","title":"Codigen: Enhancing Personalized Programming Education with Visual Authoring and LLMs","display_name":"Codigen: Enhancing Personalized Programming Education with Visual Authoring and LLMs","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416042730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vl-hcc65237.2025.00038"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vl-hcc65237.2025.00038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vl-hcc65237.2025.00038","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05185391/document","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011109832","display_name":"Mohamed Ez-Zaouia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3853-0061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802519937","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Syst\u00e8mes Al\u00e9atoires","ror":"https://ror.org/00myn0z94","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I2802204017","https://openalex.org/I2802519937","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210127572","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I56067802"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56067802","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/015m7wh34","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Ez-Zaouia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Rennes, CNRS, IRISA - UMR 6074,Lannion,France","UR - Universit\u00e9 de Rennes (Campus de Beaulieu, 263 avenue G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Leclerc, CS 74205, 35042 RENNES CEDEX - France)","IRISA - Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Syst\u00e8mes Al\u00e9atoires (Avenue du g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Leclerc\r\nCampus de Beaulieu \r\n35042 RENNES CEDEX - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Rennes, CNRS, IRISA - UMR 6074,Lannion,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802519937","https://openalex.org/I56067802","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UR - Universit\u00e9 de Rennes (Campus de Beaulieu, 263 avenue G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Leclerc, CS 74205, 35042 RENNES CEDEX - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRISA - Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Syst\u00e8mes Al\u00e9atoires (Avenue du g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Leclerc\r\nCampus de Beaulieu \r\n35042 RENNES CEDEX - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802519937"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120311424","display_name":"Yazid Boumarafi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802519937","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Syst\u00e8mes Al\u00e9atoires","ror":"https://ror.org/00myn0z94","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I2802204017","https://openalex.org/I2802519937","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210127572","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I56067802"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56067802","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/015m7wh34","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yazid Boumarafi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Rennes, CNRS, IRISA - UMR 6074,Lannion,France","IRISA - Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Syst\u00e8mes Al\u00e9atoires (Avenue du g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Leclerc\r\nCampus de Beaulieu \r\n35042 RENNES CEDEX - France)","UR - Universit\u00e9 de Rennes (Campus de Beaulieu, 263 avenue G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Leclerc, CS 74205, 35042 RENNES CEDEX - France)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Rennes, CNRS, IRISA - UMR 6074,Lannion,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802519937","https://openalex.org/I56067802","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRISA - Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Syst\u00e8mes Al\u00e9atoires (Avenue du g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Leclerc\r\nCampus de Beaulieu \r\n35042 RENNES CEDEX - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802519937"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UR - Universit\u00e9 de Rennes (Campus de Beaulieu, 263 avenue G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Leclerc, CS 74205, 35042 RENNES CEDEX - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1352,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87080112,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"272","last_page":"285"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9724000096321106,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9724000096321106,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-programming-language","display_name":"Visual programming language","score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.42570000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-programming","display_name":"Computer programming","score":0.3910999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductive-programming","display_name":"Inductive programming","score":0.3621000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-engagement","display_name":"User engagement","score":0.3208000063896179}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7572000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.5863000154495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128644962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q683111","display_name":"Visual programming language","level":2,"score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.42570000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33857546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80006","display_name":"Computer programming","level":2,"score":0.3910999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3813000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50033165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15712089","display_name":"Inductive programming","level":3,"score":0.3621000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984870255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196451","display_name":"User engagement","level":2,"score":0.3208000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.27730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776803701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2463207","display_name":"Authoring system","level":2,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982736386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Statistical learning","level":2,"score":0.2535000145435333}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vl-hcc65237.2025.00038","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vl-hcc65237.2025.00038","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05185391v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05185391v1/document","pdf_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05185391/document","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC), 2025, Raleigh, United States","raw_type":"Conference papers"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05185391v2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05185391","pdf_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05185391v2/file/Codigen_Enhancing_Personalized_Programming_Education_with_Visual_Authoring_and_LLMs_LVHCC_2025_CR.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC), 2025, Raleigh, United States","raw_type":"Conference papers"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05284779v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05284779","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC), 2025, Raleigh, United States","raw_type":"Conference papers"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05185391v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05185391v1/document","pdf_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05185391/document","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC), 2025, Raleigh, United States","raw_type":"Conference papers"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416042730.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Computer":[0],"programming":[1,12,26,31,64,85],"is":[2,13],"an":[3,46],"essential":[4],"skill":[5],"for":[6,16,126],"the":[7,37,106,118],"21st-century":[8],"workforce.":[9],"However,":[10,28],"mastering":[11],"challenging,":[14],"especially":[15],"beginners.":[17],"Recently,":[18],"digital":[19],"tools":[20,125],"have":[21],"become":[22],"popular":[23],"in":[24,82,98],"supporting":[25],"education.":[27],"creating":[29],"engaging":[30],"materials":[32],"remains":[33],"difficult":[34],"due":[35],"to":[36,62,116],"many":[38],"factors":[39],"that":[40,55,77,90],"need":[41],"consideration.":[42],"We":[43,112],"introduce":[44],"Codigen,":[45],"interactive":[47],"tool":[48,107],"powered":[49],"by":[50],"large":[51],"language":[52],"models":[53],"(LLMs)":[54],"integrates":[56],"visual":[57],"authoring":[58,124],"and":[59,95,103,120],"prompt":[60],"engineering":[61],"support":[63],"education":[65],"with":[66,73,105],"various":[67],"learning":[68,96],"strategies.":[69],"A":[70],"user":[71],"study":[72],"29":[74],"participants":[75],"showed":[76,89],"Codigen":[78,91],"can":[79],"assist":[80],"teachers":[81],"generating":[83],"quality":[84],"materials.":[86],"Statistical":[87],"analysis":[88],"supports":[92],"learners\u2019":[93],"confidence":[94],"outcomes":[97],"programming.":[99],"The":[100],"perceived":[101],"utility":[102],"engagement":[104],"were":[108],"also":[109],"statistically":[110],"significant.":[111],"discuss":[113],"our":[114],"findings":[115],"guide":[117],"design":[119],"use":[121],"of":[122],"LLM-powered":[123],"educational":[127],"purposes.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-24T13:16:06.693445","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}