{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2144830960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vissof.2009.5336430","title":"The effect of layout on the comprehension of UML class diagrams: A controlled experiment","display_name":"The effect of layout on the comprehension of UML class diagrams: A controlled experiment","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2144830960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vissof.2009.5336430","mag":"2144830960"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vissof.2009.5336430","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vissof.2009.5336430","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 5th IEEE International Workshop on Visualizing Software for Understanding and Analysis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045476556","display_name":"Bonita Sharif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5178-7160"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149910238","display_name":"Kent State University","ror":"https://ror.org/049pfb863","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bonita Sharif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Kent University, Kent, OH, USA","Department of Computer Science, Kent State University, Ohio 44242, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Kent University, Kent, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Kent State University, Ohio 44242, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021222755","display_name":"Jonathan I. Maletic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5289-135X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149910238","display_name":"Kent State University","ror":"https://ror.org/049pfb863","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan I. Maletic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Kent University, Kent, OH, USA","Department of Computer Science, Kent State University, Ohio 44242, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Kent University, Kent, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Kent State University, Ohio 44242, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045476556"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149910238"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.763,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9729131,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"11","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7703726887702942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class-diagram","display_name":"Class diagram","score":0.731511116027832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comprehension","display_name":"Comprehension","score":0.6886279582977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unified-modeling-language","display_name":"Unified Modeling Language","score":0.6816131472587585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5993373990058899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.552517294883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4806434214115143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-comprehension","display_name":"Program comprehension","score":0.46911078691482544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/story-driven-modeling","display_name":"Story-driven modeling","score":0.43967944383621216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36889201402664185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.34401029348373413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.324734628200531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-system","display_name":"Software system","score":0.28375154733657837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2734188437461853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.12983062863349915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09443104267120361}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7703726887702942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202446494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664166","display_name":"Class diagram","level":4,"score":0.731511116027832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.6886279582977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145644426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169411","display_name":"Unified Modeling Language","level":3,"score":0.6816131472587585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5993373990058899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.552517294883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4806434214115143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777561058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2652119","display_name":"Program comprehension","level":4,"score":0.46911078691482544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168054591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17152869","display_name":"Story-driven modeling","level":5,"score":0.43967944383621216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36889201402664185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.34401029348373413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.324734628200531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.28375154733657837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2734188437461853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.12983062863349915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09443104267120361}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vissof.2009.5336430","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vissof.2009.5336430","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 5th IEEE International Workshop on Visualizing Software for Understanding and Analysis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.159.4536","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.159.4536","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.kent.edu/~jmaletic/papers/VISSOFT09.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485658078","https://openalex.org/W1532755370","https://openalex.org/W1976528411","https://openalex.org/W1983705529","https://openalex.org/W2011584781","https://openalex.org/W2043007010","https://openalex.org/W2049514555","https://openalex.org/W2059134291","https://openalex.org/W2079365974","https://openalex.org/W2083961577","https://openalex.org/W2084784960","https://openalex.org/W2087841383","https://openalex.org/W2100336184","https://openalex.org/W2118362540","https://openalex.org/W2133212745","https://openalex.org/W2136032210","https://openalex.org/W2148249409","https://openalex.org/W2153061086","https://openalex.org/W2166697993","https://openalex.org/W6631971261"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2724855087","https://openalex.org/W2886906914","https://openalex.org/W2884362859","https://openalex.org/W1508879959","https://openalex.org/W2123179197","https://openalex.org/W2379755045","https://openalex.org/W2008149650","https://openalex.org/W2387087283","https://openalex.org/W2040747017","https://openalex.org/W2086933848"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,58],"results":[1],"of":[2,9,16,20,29,36,47,55,63,78,85,111],"a":[3,56,109],"controlled":[4],"experiment":[5],"assessing":[6],"the":[7,14,42,53,75,87,106],"effects":[8],"different":[10,27],"layout":[11],"strategies":[12],"on":[13,74],"comprehension":[15,31],"UML":[17],"class":[18],"diagrams":[19],"two":[21],"software":[22,30,67],"systems":[23],"is":[24,89],"presented.":[25],"Six":[26],"categories":[28],"tasks,":[32],"with":[33],"varying":[34],"degrees":[35],"difficulty,":[37],"are":[38],"used":[39],"to":[40],"assess":[41],"layouts.":[43],"Each":[44],"task":[45],"consists":[46],"several":[48],"questions":[49],"aimed":[50],"at":[51],"measuring":[52],"comprehensibility":[54],"layout.":[57],"study":[59],"involved":[60],"45":[61],"participants":[62],"varied":[64],"experience":[65],"in":[66,99,104,108],"design":[68],"and":[69,83,102],"programming":[70],"ability.":[71],"A":[72],"report":[73],"quantitative":[76],"analysis":[77],"accuracy,":[79],"speed,":[80],"confidence":[81],"level":[82],"preference":[84],"solving":[86,105],"tasks":[88],"given.":[90],"Results":[91],"indicate":[92],"that":[93],"clustered":[94],"layouts":[95],"demonstrate":[96],"significant":[97],"improvement":[98],"subject":[100],"accuracy":[101],"speed":[103],"problems":[107],"majority":[110],"tasks.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}