{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2165110098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2012.6240333","title":"A Non-Stationary MIMO Channel Model for High-Speed Train Communication Systems","display_name":"A Non-Stationary MIMO Channel Model for High-Speed Train Communication Systems","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2165110098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2012.6240333","mag":"2165110098"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vetecs.2012.6240333","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2012.6240333","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE 75th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007245859","display_name":"Ammar Ghazal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3590-0303"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32062511","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mghma93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ammar Ghazal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100779393","display_name":"Cheng\u2010Xiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9729-9592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32062511","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mghma93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng-Xiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074320996","display_name":"Harald Haas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9705-2701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harald Haas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081159321","display_name":"Mark A Beach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6798-7001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Beach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064578488","display_name":"Xiaofeng Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7208-6841"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofeng Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100518283","display_name":"Dongfeng Yuan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongfeng Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057308968","display_name":"Xiaohu Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3204-5241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohu Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007245859"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.2163,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":52,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97953208,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7646429538726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.6650099754333496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6006923913955688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5871027708053589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5383073091506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.42401015758514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-modelling","display_name":"Stochastic modelling","score":0.4154210090637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3215086758136749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.25354593992233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18307343125343323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15775203704833984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11422505974769592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07700151205062866}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7646429538726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.6650099754333496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6006923913955688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5871027708053589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5383073091506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.42401015758514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127491075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617825","display_name":"Stochastic modelling","level":2,"score":0.4154210090637207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3215086758136749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.25354593992233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18307343125343323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15775203704833984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11422505974769592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07700151205062866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vetecs.2012.6240333","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2012.6240333","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE 75th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.690.6239","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.690.6239","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ukchinab4g.ac.uk/sites/default/files/5_Achievements/conference/VTC12_S.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1879998039","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/G042713/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483484469","https://openalex.org/W1509061701","https://openalex.org/W1934119436","https://openalex.org/W1963514488","https://openalex.org/W2004217191","https://openalex.org/W2042680992","https://openalex.org/W2109680485","https://openalex.org/W2116375068","https://openalex.org/W2119188060","https://openalex.org/W2129345088","https://openalex.org/W2147461281","https://openalex.org/W2150472476","https://openalex.org/W2154463976","https://openalex.org/W2155735612","https://openalex.org/W2391624952","https://openalex.org/W2495802805","https://openalex.org/W2883394296","https://openalex.org/W6640422401","https://openalex.org/W6679166590"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W758743920","https://openalex.org/W4200491990","https://openalex.org/W2749628883","https://openalex.org/W2348069970","https://openalex.org/W2792514479","https://openalex.org/W8526153","https://openalex.org/W3169820186","https://openalex.org/W4229035186","https://openalex.org/W2153421771","https://openalex.org/W2978895052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3],"non-stationary":[4],"wideband":[5],"geometry-based":[6],"stochastic":[7],"model":[8,20],"(GBSM)":[9],"for":[10,59],"multiple-input":[11],"multiple-output":[12],"(MIMO)":[13],"high-speed":[14],"train":[15],"(HST)":[16],"channels.":[17],"The":[18],"proposed":[19,43,69],"has":[21],"the":[22,26,33,38,42,45,65,68],"ability":[23],"to":[24],"investigate":[25],"non-stationarity":[27,66],"of":[28,37,67],"HST":[29],"environment":[30],"caused":[31],"by":[32],"high":[34],"speed":[35],"movement":[36],"receiver.":[39],"Based":[40],"on":[41],"model,":[44],"space-time-frequency":[46],"(STF)":[47],"correlation":[48],"function":[49,55],"(CF)":[50],"and":[51],"STF":[52],"local":[53],"scattering":[54],"(LSF)":[56],"are":[57],"derived":[58],"different":[60],"taps.":[61],"Numerical":[62],"results":[63],"show":[64],"channel":[70],"model.":[71]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}