{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2013078840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2012.6240006","title":"Improved Cell Search and Initial Synchronization Using PSS in LTE","display_name":"Improved Cell Search and Initial Synchronization Using PSS in LTE","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2013078840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2012.6240006","mag":"2013078840"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vetecs.2012.6240006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2012.6240006","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE 75th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040401781","display_name":"Zhongshan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6454-4689"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167249","display_name":"Network Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05xnsth60","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210167249"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongshan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Advanced Network Technologies and New Services, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China","Inst. of Adv. Network Technol. & New Services Univ. of Sci. & Technol. Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Advanced Network Technologies and New Services, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167249"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Adv. Network Technol. & New Services Univ. of Sci. & Technol. Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013642287","display_name":"Ming Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4696-9346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149379","display_name":"NEC (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/04xrcx824","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347220","https://openalex.org/I4210149379"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Wireless Communications, NEC Laboratories China, China","Dept. of Wireless Commun., NEC Labs. China (NLC), Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Wireless Communications, NEC Laboratories China, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Wireless Commun., NEC Labs. China (NLC), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149379"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029384171","display_name":"Keping Long","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6678-6075"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167249","display_name":"Network Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05xnsth60","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210167249"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keping Long","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Advanced Network Technologies and New Services, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China","Inst. of Adv. Network Technol. & New Services Univ. of Sci. & Technol. Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Advanced Network Technologies and New Services, University of Science and Technology Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167249"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Adv. Network Technol. & New Services Univ. of Sci. & Technol. Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103481062","display_name":"Yong Fan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087641","display_name":"Beijing VDJBio (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/001gbdr73","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing LOIT Technology Limited, China","Beijing LOIT Technol. Ltd., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing LOIT Technology Limited, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing LOIT Technol. Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.8149926066398621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.7003725171089172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.615862250328064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.600488543510437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.5684174299240112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.48063626885414124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4498060941696167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-offset","display_name":"Frequency offset","score":0.4465571641921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carrier-frequency-offset","display_name":"Carrier frequency offset","score":0.43775472044944763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.4177360534667969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.38618096709251404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.29681527614593506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.27916938066482544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18968534469604492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.8149926066398621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.7003725171089172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.615862250328064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.600488543510437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5684174299240112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.48063626885414124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4498060941696167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49319798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502874","display_name":"Frequency offset","level":4,"score":0.4465571641921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776108382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25111451","display_name":"Carrier frequency offset","level":5,"score":0.43775472044944763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.4177360534667969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.38618096709251404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.29681527614593506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.27916938066482544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18968534469604492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vetecs.2012.6240006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2012.6240006","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE 75th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.5799999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490674876","https://openalex.org/W2036351228","https://openalex.org/W2040960361","https://openalex.org/W2101058896","https://openalex.org/W2101821671","https://openalex.org/W2102803874","https://openalex.org/W2109727563","https://openalex.org/W2110401362","https://openalex.org/W2119592764","https://openalex.org/W2122440275","https://openalex.org/W2138706041","https://openalex.org/W2478503558","https://openalex.org/W2798333393","https://openalex.org/W3023553154"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2163799874","https://openalex.org/W2110234499","https://openalex.org/W3175192043","https://openalex.org/W2068304403","https://openalex.org/W2371617615","https://openalex.org/W2540911486","https://openalex.org/W3080284048","https://openalex.org/W2010378487","https://openalex.org/W3147831239","https://openalex.org/W2022242418"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cell":[0],"search":[1],"as":[2,4,116],"well":[3,216],"synchronization":[5,41],"in":[6,20,168],"the":[7,28,39,62,75,101,112,119,129,142,158,169,174,178,200,208],"3rd":[8],"Generation":[9],"Partnership":[10],"Project":[11],"(3GPP)":[12],"Long":[13],"Term":[14],"Evolution":[15],"(LTE)":[16],"system":[17],"is":[18,43,189,197,215],"performed":[19],"each":[21],"User":[22],"Equipment":[23],"(UE)":[24],"by":[25,46,99],"using":[26],"both":[27],"Primary":[29],"Synchronization":[30,35],"Signal":[31,36],"(PSS)":[32],"and":[33,38,65,94,128,203],"Secondary":[34],"(SSS),":[37],"overall":[40],"performance":[42,193],"dominated":[44],"heavily":[45],"a":[47,56,78,147,150,164,218],"robust":[48],"PSS":[49,58,88,179,210],"detection.":[50],"Conventional":[51],"non-coherent":[52],"detector":[53,109,121,132,196],"can":[54,133],"achieve":[55],"reliable":[57],"detection":[59,114,180],"based":[60],"on":[61],"near-perfect":[63],"auto-correlation":[64],"crosscorrelation":[66],"properties":[67],"of":[68,77,104,118,141,149,185,194,199,213,225],"Zadoff-Chu":[69],"(ZC)":[70],"sequences":[71],"[1],":[72],"but":[73,122],"at":[74,146,173],"cost":[76,148],"relatively":[79],"high":[80],"computational":[81],"complexity.":[82],"This":[83],"paper":[84],"proposes":[85],"two":[86],"improved":[87],"detectors,":[89,98],"i.e.,":[90,187],"Almost":[91],"Half-Complexity":[92],"(AHC)":[93],"Central":[95],"Self-Correlation":[96],"(CSC)":[97],"exploiting":[100],"central-symmetric":[102],"property":[103],"ZC":[105],"sequences.":[106],"The":[107,192],"AHC":[108,143],"has":[110],"exactly":[111],"same":[113,175],"accuracy":[115,181],"that":[117,140,207],"conventional":[120],"with":[123,221],"50%":[124,139],"complexity":[125,137],"being":[126],"saved,":[127],"proposed":[130,170],"CSC":[131],"further":[134],"reduce":[135],"its":[136],"to":[138,156,163],"detector,":[144],"however,":[145],"slight":[151],"accurate":[152],"degradation.":[153],"In":[154],"order":[155],"mitigate":[157],"potential":[159],"failure":[160],"risk":[161],"due":[162],"large":[165],"frequency":[166,201],"offset":[167],"algorithms":[171],"while":[172],"time":[176,212],"keep":[177],"un-degraded,":[182],"an":[183],"improvement":[184],"CSC,":[186],"CSCIns,":[188],"also":[190],"proposed.":[191],"CSCIns":[195,214],"independent":[198],"offset,":[202],"numerical":[204],"results":[205],"show":[206],"90%":[209],"acquisition":[211],"within":[217],"55ms":[219],"duration":[220],"Signal-to-Noise":[222],"Ratio":[223],"(SNR)":[224],"-10":[226],"dB.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}