{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2152686574","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2011.5956244","title":"Energy Efficient Evolution of Mobile Networks: Macro-Only Upgrades vs. a Joint-Pico Deployment Strategy","display_name":"Energy Efficient Evolution of Mobile Networks: Macro-Only Upgrades vs. a Joint-Pico Deployment Strategy","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2152686574","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2011.5956244","mag":"2152686574"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vetecs.2011.5956244","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2011.5956244","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE 73rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079918531","display_name":"Gilbert Micallef","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gilbert Micallef","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082513982","display_name":"Preben Mogensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0710-8685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126633","display_name":"Siemens (Denmark)","ror":"https://ror.org/031gmvg29","country_code":"DK","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976","https://openalex.org/I4210126633"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Preben Mogensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Siemens Networks, Aalborg, Denmark","University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Siemens Networks, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126633"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Aalborg, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110059232","display_name":"Hans\u2010Otto Scheck","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137179","display_name":"Siemens (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/03v7qgt03","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976","https://openalex.org/I4210137179"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hans-Otto Scheck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Siemens Networks, Inc., Kista, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Siemens Networks, Inc., Kista, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137179"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071113251","display_name":"Ekkehard Lang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325886976","display_name":"Siemens (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/059mq0909","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159457","display_name":"Nokia (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05nh5td39","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ekkehard Lang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Siemens Networks, Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Siemens Networks, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325886976","https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079918531"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9694,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.918289,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11409","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Network Optimization","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.7598657011985779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macro","display_name":"Macro","score":0.723393440246582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6591542959213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.637336790561676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.20420515537261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14022043347358704}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.7598657011985779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166955791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629579","display_name":"Macro","level":2,"score":0.723393440246582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6591542959213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.637336790561676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.20420515537261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14022043347358704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vetecs.2011.5956244","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecs.2011.5956244","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE 73rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/52f2f0f0-737a-44a4-984c-53119735f2a0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/52f2f0f0-737a-44a4-984c-53119735f2a0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Micallef , G &amp; Mogensen , P 2011 , ' Energy Efficient Evolution of Mobile Networks : Macro-Only Upgrades vs. a Joint-Pico Deployment Strategy ' , I E E E V T S Vehicular Technology Conference. Proceedings . https://doi.org/10.1109/VETECS.2011.5956244","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008301064","https://openalex.org/W2122658093","https://openalex.org/W2145294627","https://openalex.org/W2153708358"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2770234245","https://openalex.org/W2030816003","https://openalex.org/W96612179","https://openalex.org/W4229499248","https://openalex.org/W2566006169","https://openalex.org/W1567818861","https://openalex.org/W2987774938"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0,193],"the":[1,36,43,56,93,101,110,135,160,167,171,182,186,196,205,213],"increasing":[2],"popularity":[3],"of":[4,32,80,104,114,131,159,170,185,191,201,216],"mobile":[5,7,117],"broadband,":[6],"network":[8,17,118,136,206],"operators":[9,39],"(MNOs)":[10],"are":[11,40,86],"experiencing":[12],"a":[13,30,78,116,120,129,147,155,189],"continuous":[14],"boost":[15],"in":[16,59,91,141,221,224],"traffic.":[18,60],"Some":[19],"MNOs":[20,85],"have":[21,99],"stopped":[22],"offering":[23],"unlimited":[24],"data":[25,33],"plans,":[26],"replacing":[27],"them":[28,53],"with":[29],"variety":[31,79],"bundles.":[34],"At":[35],"same":[37,214],"time":[38],"looking":[41],"at":[42],"different":[44,96,161],"options":[45,97,162],"for":[46,212],"how":[47],"to":[48,54,153,195,207],"evolve":[49],"their":[50,105],"networks,":[51],"allowing":[52],"carry":[55,208],"expected":[57],"increase":[58,223],"The":[61],"best":[62],"solution":[63,127],"is":[64,143,150],"generally":[65],"selected":[66],"based":[67],"on":[68,100,166],"two":[69],"main":[70],"criteria,":[71],"performance":[72],"and":[73,82,124],"cost.":[74],"However,":[75],"pushed":[76],"by":[77,188],"environmental":[81],"energy":[83,102,112,137,139,183,197],"challenges,":[84],"now":[87],"also":[88,144],"showing":[89],"interest":[90],"understanding":[92],"impact":[94],"that":[95,176],"can":[98],"consumption":[103,184],"networks.":[106],"This":[107],"paper":[108],"investigates":[109],"possible":[111],"gains":[113],"evolving":[115],"through":[119],"joint":[121],"pico":[122,179,202],"deployment":[123,200],"macro":[125],"upgrade":[126],"over":[128],"period":[130],"8":[132],"years.":[133],"Besides":[134],"consumption,":[138],"efficiency":[140],"Mbps/kW":[142],"analyzed.":[145],"Furthermore,":[146],"cost":[148],"analysis":[149],"carried":[151],"out,":[152],"give":[154],"more":[156,178,210],"complete":[157],"picture":[158],"being":[163],"considered.":[164],"Focusing":[165],"last":[168],"year":[169],"evolution":[172],"analysis,":[173],"results":[174,220],"show":[175],"deploying":[177],"sites":[180,203],"reduces":[181],"network,":[187],"maximum":[190],"30%.":[192],"regards":[194],"efficiency,":[198],"high":[199],"allowed":[204],"16%":[209],"traffic":[211],"amount":[215],"energy.":[217],"This,":[218],"however,":[219],"an":[222],"cost,":[225],"specifically":[226],"operational":[227],"costs.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
