{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1975399597","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecf.2011.6093002","title":"Introducing Dual Pilot Closed Loop Transmit Diversity for High Speed Uplink Packet Access","display_name":"Introducing Dual Pilot Closed Loop Transmit Diversity for High Speed Uplink Packet Access","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1975399597","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecf.2011.6093002","mag":"1975399597"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vetecf.2011.6093002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecf.2011.6093002","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009005503","display_name":"Tuomas Hiltunen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110178","display_name":"Magister Solutions (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01mdh2992","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tuomas Hiltunen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Magister Solutions Limited, Tampere, Finland","Magister Solutions Ltd, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magister Solutions Limited, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magister Solutions Ltd, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030718363","display_name":"Arto Lehti","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110178","display_name":"Magister Solutions (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01mdh2992","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arto Lehti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Magister Solutions Limited, Tampere, Finland","Renesas Mobile Corp., Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magister Solutions Limited, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renesas Mobile Corp., Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086936295","display_name":"Frans Laakso","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110178","display_name":"Magister Solutions (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01mdh2992","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frans Laakso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Magister Solutions Limited, Tampere, Finland","Magister Solutions Ltd, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magister Solutions Limited, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magister Solutions Ltd, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011105096","display_name":"Petri Eskelinen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110178","display_name":"Magister Solutions (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01mdh2992","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Petri Eskelinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Magister Solutions Limited, Tampere, Finland","Magister Solutions Ltd, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magister Solutions Limited, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magister Solutions Ltd, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037983142","display_name":"Kari Aho","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110178","display_name":"Magister Solutions (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01mdh2992","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kari Aho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Magister Solutions Limited, Tampere, Finland","Magister Solutions Ltd, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magister Solutions Limited, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magister Solutions Ltd, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008682665","display_name":"Ilmari Repo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097990","display_name":"Teollisuuden Voima (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/00qsw2f44","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110178","display_name":"Magister Solutions (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01mdh2992","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilmari Repo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Renesas Mobile Corporation, Oulu, Finland","Magister Solutions Ltd, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Renesas Mobile Corporation, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magister Solutions Ltd, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110178"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05619189,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11409","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Network Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11409","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Network Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmit-diversity","display_name":"Transmit diversity","score":0.8935840129852295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.8045092821121216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7524434328079224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6379198431968689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.5252686738967896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.4967711567878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.49427056312561035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.49288201332092285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link-level","display_name":"Link level","score":0.469783216714859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.42385226488113403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-diversity","display_name":"Antenna diversity","score":0.418312132358551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.3622354567050934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3592938780784607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.3258952498435974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.32350635528564453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.3088567852973938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.27168703079223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.24206122756004333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14239203929901123}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117218131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834664","display_name":"Transmit diversity","level":4,"score":0.8935840129852295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.8045092821121216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7524434328079224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6379198431968689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.5252686738967896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.4967711567878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.49427056312561035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.49288201332092285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779609627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6554308","display_name":"Link level","level":2,"score":0.469783216714859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.42385226488113403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60069766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357054","display_name":"Antenna diversity","level":3,"score":0.418312132358551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.3622354567050934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3592938780784607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.3258952498435974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.32350635528564453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.3088567852973938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.27168703079223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.24206122756004333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14239203929901123}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vetecf.2011.6093002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecf.2011.6093002","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Fall)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1495565530","https://openalex.org/W1578191401","https://openalex.org/W2009882821","https://openalex.org/W2023066748","https://openalex.org/W2076281570","https://openalex.org/W2144670156"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3087844490","https://openalex.org/W3090699061","https://openalex.org/W4387546583","https://openalex.org/W162237929","https://openalex.org/W2051762234","https://openalex.org/W2131408743","https://openalex.org/W2055634632","https://openalex.org/W2383316528","https://openalex.org/W205877919","https://openalex.org/W1560636632"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,101,130],"alternatives":[1],"for":[2,38],"HSUPA":[3],"uplink":[4,17],"transmit":[5,18,30,54,82,99],"diversity":[6,19,55,83],"are":[7,134],"being":[8],"currently":[9],"investigated":[10],"in":[11,90,112,121,136],"3GPP.":[12],"This":[13],"paper":[14,50],"addresses":[15],"the":[16,21,40,44,69,74,79,94,127],"from":[20,65],"perspective":[22],"of":[23,73],"closed":[24],"loop":[25],"beamforming":[26],"where":[27],"NodeB":[28],"determines":[29],"antenna":[31],"weights,":[32],"and":[33,116],"additional":[34],"feedback":[35],"is":[36,76,85],"used":[37],"signaling":[39],"optimal":[41],"weights":[42],"to":[43,109,118,126],"user":[45],"equipment.":[46],"More":[47],"precisely,":[48],"this":[49],"introduces":[51],"a":[52],"novel":[53],"technique":[56,84],"which":[57],"involves":[58],"transmitting":[59],"two":[60,66],"non-beamformed":[61],"DPCCH":[62],"(pilot)":[63],"signals":[64],"antennas":[67],"whereas":[68],"actual":[70],"data":[71],"part":[72],"signal":[75],"beamformed.":[77],"Additionally,":[78],"dual":[80],"pilot":[81],"benchmarked":[86],"on":[87],"system":[88,96],"level":[89,105],"various":[91],"conditions":[92],"against":[93],"baseline":[95,128],"performance":[97],"without":[98],"diversity.":[100],"studies":[102],"show":[103],"cell":[104],"throughput":[106],"gains":[107,133],"up":[108,117],"53":[110],"%":[111,120],"Pedestrian":[113],"A":[114,123],"channel":[115,124],"26":[119],"Vehicular":[122],"comparing":[125],"system.":[129],"highest":[131],"relative":[132],"achieved":[135],"highly":[137],"loaded":[138],"cells":[139],"with":[140],"long":[141],"inter-site":[142],"distances.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}