{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2143964219","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecf.2009.5378918","title":"Outage Capacity of Incremental Relaying at Low Signal-to-Noise Ratios","display_name":"Outage Capacity of Incremental Relaying at Low Signal-to-Noise Ratios","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2143964219","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecf.2009.5378918","mag":"2143964219"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vetecf.2009.5378918","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecf.2009.5378918","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE 70th Vehicular Technology Conference Fall","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/0908.0856","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040821812","display_name":"Tobias Renk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Renk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Nachrichtentechnik, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Nachrichtentechnik, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033104151","display_name":"Holger J\u00e4kel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Jakel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Nachrichtentechnik, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Nachrichtentechnik, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048334976","display_name":"Friedrich K. Jondral","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. K. Jondral","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Nachrichtentechnik, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Nachrichtentechnik, Universit\u00e4t Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016883501","display_name":"Den\u0131z G\u00fcnd\u00fcz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7725-395X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Gunduz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA","Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Stanford, Stanford, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Stanford, Stanford, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074116801","display_name":"Andrea Goldsmith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5686-800X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Goldsmith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Stanford, Stanford, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Stanford, Stanford, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3244,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9596172,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outage-probability","display_name":"Outage probability","score":0.7022469639778137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.6829702854156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.6675938963890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.639314591884613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.6181985139846802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-capacity","display_name":"Channel capacity","score":0.5682641863822937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.552236020565033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.5491499900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.49025920033454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.47455033659935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.45778384804725647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.4199882745742798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-network-coding","display_name":"Linear network coding","score":0.41426882147789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacity-planning","display_name":"Capacity planning","score":0.41198667883872986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3879670202732086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3492979407310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.33911722898483276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.33566829562187195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3122923970222473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1290789246559143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.08549380302429199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.0786607563495636}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778258436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30672262","display_name":"Outage probability","level":4,"score":0.7022469639778137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.6829702854156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.6675938963890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.639314591884613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.6181985139846802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97744766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870845","display_name":"Channel capacity","level":3,"score":0.5682641863822937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.552236020565033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.5491499900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.49025920033454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.47455033659935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.45778384804725647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.4199882745742798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138293262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1089578","display_name":"Linear network coding","level":3,"score":0.41426882147789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781007418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1456934","display_name":"Capacity planning","level":2,"score":0.41198667883872986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3879670202732086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3492979407310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33911722898483276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.33566829562187195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3122923970222473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1290789246559143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.08549380302429199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0786607563495636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vetecf.2009.5378918","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vetecf.2009.5378918","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE 70th Vehicular Technology Conference Fall","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:0908.0856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/0908.0856","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/0908.0856","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.249.4364","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.249.4364","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/0908.0856v1.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.332.5083","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.332.5083","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cel.kit.edu/download/renk_vtc_fall_2009_1.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unimore.it:11380/1202754","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1202754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400718","display_name":"IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","host_organization_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:spiral.imperial.ac.uk:10044/1/53604","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/53604","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401396","display_name":"Spiral (Imperial College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","host_organization_name":"Imperial College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:0908.0856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/0908.0856","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/0908.0856","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5799999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965499084","https://openalex.org/W1997834106","https://openalex.org/W2098567664","https://openalex.org/W2112943043","https://openalex.org/W2130347036","https://openalex.org/W2148963518","https://openalex.org/W2152121970","https://openalex.org/W2154056004","https://openalex.org/W2166237723","https://openalex.org/W2168034909","https://openalex.org/W2168571551","https://openalex.org/W2949815775","https://openalex.org/W6684602274"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2371991444","https://openalex.org/W2102758191","https://openalex.org/W2073095633","https://openalex.org/W2895876902","https://openalex.org/W2324884261","https://openalex.org/W2058502104","https://openalex.org/W2089162232","https://openalex.org/W2566422402","https://openalex.org/W2135195574","https://openalex.org/W2122756979"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,43,83],"present":[1],"the":[2,33,39,48,54,66,75,88,92,98,101,108,122,126],"e-outage":[3,55,89,102,123],"capacity":[4,90,103,124],"of":[5,65,91,104,128],"incremental":[6,105],"relaying":[7,106],"at":[8],"low":[9,40],"signal-to-noise":[10],"ratios":[11],"(SNR)":[12],"in":[13,32,38],"a":[14,80],"wireless":[15],"cooperative":[16],"network":[17],"with":[18],"slow":[19],"Rayleigh":[20],"fading":[21],"channels.":[22],"The":[23],"relay":[24,50],"performs":[25],"decode-and-forward":[26],"and":[27,69,95,107,114],"repetition":[28],"coding":[29],"is":[30,36,58,63],"employed":[31],"network,":[34],"which":[35],"optimal":[37,49],"SNR":[41,70],"regime.":[42],"derive":[44,118],"an":[45],"expression":[46],"on":[47,74,121],"location":[51,62],"that":[52,60,97],"maximizes":[53],"capacity.":[56],"It":[57],"shown":[59],"this":[61],"independent":[64],"outage":[67],"probability":[68],"but":[71],"only":[72],"depends":[73],"channel":[76],"conditions":[77],"represented":[78],"by":[79],"path-loss":[81],"factor.":[82],"compare":[84],"our":[85],"results":[86],"to":[87],"cut-set":[93,109],"bound":[94,110],"demonstrate":[96],"ratio":[99],"between":[100],"lies":[111],"within":[112],"1/\u00bf2":[113],"1.":[115],"Furthermore,":[116],"we":[117],"lower":[119],"bounds":[120],"for":[125],"case":[127],"K":[129],"relays.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-05T07:39:15.569665","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}