{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2058951703","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vcip.2014.7051544","title":"An embedded real-time hands free control of an electrical wheelchair","display_name":"An embedded real-time hands free control of an electrical wheelchair","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2058951703","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vcip.2014.7051544","mag":"2058951703"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vcip.2014.7051544","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vcip.2014.7051544","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Visual Communications and Image Processing Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059084740","display_name":"Agn\u00e8s Ghorbel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9626-3336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142899784","display_name":"University of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4sd432","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29607241","display_name":"\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure - PSL","ror":"https://ror.org/05a0dhs15","country_code":"FR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I29607241"]}],"countries":["FR","TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Agnes Ghorbel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer and Embedded Systems Laboratory, CES_lab Ecole Nationale d'ng\u00e9nieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia","Computer and Embedded Systems Laboratory: CES_lab Ecole Nationale d'Ing\u00e9nieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer and Embedded Systems Laboratory, CES_lab Ecole Nationale d'ng\u00e9nieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer and Embedded Systems Laboratory: CES_lab Ecole Nationale d'Ing\u00e9nieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29607241"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063718250","display_name":"Nader Ben Amor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8437-4346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142899784","display_name":"University of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4sd432","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29607241","display_name":"\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure - PSL","ror":"https://ror.org/05a0dhs15","country_code":"FR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I29607241"]}],"countries":["FR","TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nader Ben Amor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer and Embedded Systems Laboratory, CES_lab Ecole Nationale d'ng\u00e9nieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia","Computer and Embedded Systems Laboratory: CES_lab Ecole Nationale d'Ing\u00e9nieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer and Embedded Systems Laboratory, CES_lab Ecole Nationale d'ng\u00e9nieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer and Embedded Systems Laboratory: CES_lab Ecole Nationale d'Ing\u00e9nieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29607241"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111387102","display_name":"Mohamed Jallouli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142899784","display_name":"University of Sfax","ror":"https://ror.org/04d4sd432","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29607241","display_name":"\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure - PSL","ror":"https://ror.org/05a0dhs15","country_code":"FR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I29607241"]}],"countries":["FR","TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Jallouli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer and Embedded Systems Laboratory, CES_lab Ecole Nationale d'ng\u00e9nieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia","Computer and Embedded Systems Laboratory: CES_lab Ecole Nationale d'Ing\u00e9nieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer and Embedded Systems Laboratory, CES_lab Ecole Nationale d'ng\u00e9nieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142899784"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer and Embedded Systems Laboratory: CES_lab Ecole Nationale d'Ing\u00e9nieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Sfax, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29607241"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4207,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54036675,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"221","last_page":"224"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheelchair","display_name":"Wheelchair","score":0.8861973285675049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6966100931167603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.6789066195487976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-unit","display_name":"Control unit","score":0.6195002794265747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.5761621594429016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5185683369636536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.5004565715789795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.4464881122112274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33620738983154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1901259422302246}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781042323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191931","display_name":"Wheelchair","level":2,"score":0.8861973285675049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6966100931167603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6789066195487976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81988521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676838","display_name":"Control unit","level":2,"score":0.6195002794265747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.5761621594429016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5185683369636536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.5004565715789795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.4464881122112274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33620738983154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1901259422302246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vcip.2014.7051544","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vcip.2014.7051544","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Visual Communications and Image Processing Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1906235789","https://openalex.org/W1964104692","https://openalex.org/W1992403668","https://openalex.org/W2008154525","https://openalex.org/W2149414893","https://openalex.org/W2163833600","https://openalex.org/W2345803672","https://openalex.org/W3097096317","https://openalex.org/W3149762550","https://openalex.org/W6640066402","https://openalex.org/W6641342112","https://openalex.org/W6704702710"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4378364071","https://openalex.org/W2399287283","https://openalex.org/W1998563140","https://openalex.org/W2742303892","https://openalex.org/W2724219770","https://openalex.org/W2076341217","https://openalex.org/W2065035327","https://openalex.org/W2718635042","https://openalex.org/W1975017672","https://openalex.org/W2158051119"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,73,85,110],"main":[1],"aim":[2],"of":[3,15,33,69,120],"this":[4],"work":[5],"is":[6,37,62,77,123],"to":[7],"propose":[8],"a":[9,94,116],"HMI":[10],"alternative":[11],"for":[12,30,67,97],"hands-free":[13],"control":[14],"an":[16,34],"electrical":[17,35],"wheelchair":[18,36,66,74],"using":[19],"both":[20],"face":[21],"and":[22,82,104,108],"eyes":[23],"information.":[24],"An":[25],"image":[26,80],"processing":[27,40,68,92,118],"based":[28,50,78],"technique":[29,76],"the":[31,44,52,65,70],"guidance":[32],"used.":[38],"As":[39],"unit,":[41],"we":[42],"choose":[43],"Panda":[45],"board":[46,61],"ES":[47],"development":[48],"kit":[49],"on":[51,58,79,89],"TI":[53],"OMAP":[54],"4":[55],"SoC":[56],"(System":[57],"Chip).":[59],"This":[60],"connected":[63],"with":[64],"video":[71],"streaming.":[72],"command":[75],"segmentation":[81],"facial":[83],"detection.":[84],"adopted":[86],"model":[87],"relied":[88],"combining":[90],"2ARMs":[91],"in":[93],"single":[95],"chip":[96],"improving":[98],"real-time":[99],"performance,":[100],"enhancing":[101],"system":[102,106],"flexibility":[103],"reducing":[105],"cost":[107],"power.":[109],"preliminary":[111],"results":[112],"are":[113],"promising":[114],"since":[115],"total":[117],"time":[119],"about":[121],"0.9s":[122],"obtained.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
