{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2023821762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vcip.2011.6115943","title":"Adaptive background estimation of outdoor illumination variations for foreground detection","display_name":"Adaptive background estimation of outdoor illumination variations for foreground detection","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2023821762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vcip.2011.6115943","mag":"2023821762"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/vcip.2011.6115943","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vcip.2011.6115943","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054894664","display_name":"Xudong Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-6278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xudong Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, China 150001"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, China 150001","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100346747","display_name":"Peng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6568-1335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, China 150001"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, China 150001","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101726410","display_name":"Jiafeng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5530-8744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiafeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, China 150001"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, China 150001","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100873220","display_name":"Xianglong Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianglong Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, China 150001"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, China 150001","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2617,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57087182,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7681567668914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7503153681755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.7209993004798889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6849122643470764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.68487149477005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreground-detection","display_name":"Foreground detection","score":0.588981032371521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autocorrelation","display_name":"Autocorrelation","score":0.5831236243247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.5428933501243591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5051138997077942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoregressive-model","display_name":"Autoregressive model","score":0.5026352405548096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.43298542499542236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/background-subtraction","display_name":"Background subtraction","score":0.4022873044013977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2815892696380615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21214163303375244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08753320574760437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7681567668914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7503153681755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.7209993004798889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6849122643470764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.68487149477005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779769447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813641","display_name":"Foreground detection","level":4,"score":0.588981032371521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5297727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786970","display_name":"Autocorrelation","level":2,"score":0.5831236243247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.5428933501243591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5051138997077942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159877910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2202883","display_name":"Autoregressive model","level":2,"score":0.5026352405548096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.43298542499542236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32653426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813641","display_name":"Background subtraction","level":3,"score":0.4022873044013977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2815892696380615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21214163303375244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08753320574760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/vcip.2011.6115943","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/vcip.2011.6115943","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1499877760","https://openalex.org/W1965572510","https://openalex.org/W1990592195","https://openalex.org/W2026381118","https://openalex.org/W2084885787","https://openalex.org/W2098305432","https://openalex.org/W2111918405","https://openalex.org/W2119535410","https://openalex.org/W2133393665","https://openalex.org/W2148290050","https://openalex.org/W2155916757","https://openalex.org/W6629695367","https://openalex.org/W6647720530","https://openalex.org/W6679851709"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2105103921","https://openalex.org/W2028059897","https://openalex.org/W2086414697","https://openalex.org/W2012314832","https://openalex.org/W2953123162","https://openalex.org/W2188430267","https://openalex.org/W4298195641","https://openalex.org/W3010714307","https://openalex.org/W1973030300","https://openalex.org/W2123129869"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"background":[1,84],"estimation":[2,85],"system,":[3],"which":[4],"integrates":[5],"pixel-level":[6],"features":[7,34],"with":[8,118],"a":[9,74,92],"region-level":[10],"one":[11],"and":[12,15,42,49],"combines":[13],"short-term":[14,47],"long-term":[16,87],"analysis":[17],"of":[18,37,40,65,100,106],"videos":[19,117],"in":[20,46,86,116],"outdoor":[21,43],"illumination":[22,44,60,81,102,120],"variations,":[23],"is":[24,109],"proposed":[25],"for":[26,35,83],"accurate":[27],"foreground":[28,41,114],"detection.":[29],"Firstly,":[30],"we":[31,72,90],"discuss":[32],"autocorrelation-based":[33],"identification":[36],"the":[38,97],"presence":[39],"variations":[45],"sequences,":[48],"propose":[50],"an":[51],"adaptive":[52],"threshold":[53],"learning":[54],"approach":[55],"insensitive":[56],"to":[57,95],"inner-pixel":[58],"fast":[59,101],"variation":[61],"based":[62],"on":[63,113],"histograms":[64],"intensity":[66],"differences":[67],"between":[68],"successive":[69],"frames.":[70],"Then,":[71],"employ":[73],"pixel-wise":[75],"rapid":[76],"autoregressive":[77],"model":[78],"against":[79],"gradual":[80],"change":[82],"sequence.":[88],"Finally,":[89],"devise":[91],"texture":[93],"measure":[94],"eliminate":[96],"regional":[98],"effect":[99],"variation.":[103],"The":[104],"effectiveness":[105],"our":[107],"system":[108],"demonstrated":[110],"using":[111],"experiments":[112],"detection":[115],"various":[119],"changes.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}