{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2016134683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/upinlbs.2010.5654313","title":"UbiSpot - A user trained always best positioned engine for mobile phones","display_name":"UbiSpot - A user trained always best positioned engine for mobile phones","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2016134683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/upinlbs.2010.5654313","mag":"2016134683"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/upinlbs.2010.5654313","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/upinlbs.2010.5654313","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 Ubiquitous Positioning Indoor Navigation and Location Based Service","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084772736","display_name":"Tim Schwartz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91712215","display_name":"Saarland University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jdpyv68","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tim Schwartz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cluster of Excellence M2CI, University of Saarland, Saarbruecken, Germany","Cluster of Excellence M2CI, Saarland University, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cluster of Excellence M2CI, University of Saarland, Saarbruecken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cluster of Excellence M2CI, Saarland University, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026539884","display_name":"Christoph Stahl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9489-2385"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91712215","display_name":"Saarland University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jdpyv68","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Stahl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cluster of Excellence M2CI, University of Saarland, Saarbruecken, Germany","Cluster of Excellence M2CI, Saarland University, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cluster of Excellence M2CI, University of Saarland, Saarbruecken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cluster of Excellence M2CI, Saarland University, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035471597","display_name":"Christian M\u00fcller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3216-8516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33256026","display_name":"German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/01ayc5b57","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Muller","raw_affiliation_strings":["DFKI GmbH, Saarbruecken, Germany","DFKI GmbH, Campus D3_2, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DFKI GmbH, Saarbruecken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DFKI GmbH, Campus D3_2, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103378452","display_name":"Valentin S. Dimitrov","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91712215","display_name":"Saarland University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jdpyv68","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valentin Dimitrov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Saarland, Saarbruecken, Germany","Dept. of Comput. Sci., Saarland Univ., Saarbru\u0308cken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Saarland, Saarbruecken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci., Saarland Univ., Saarbru\u0308cken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088607062","display_name":"Hao Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5667-5861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91712215","display_name":"Saarland University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jdpyv68","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Saarland, Saarbruecken, Germany","Dept. of Comput. Sci., Saarland Univ., Saarbru\u0308cken, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Saarland, Saarbruecken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci., Saarland Univ., Saarbru\u0308cken, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084772736"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08985795,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9799000024795532,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7627096772193909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.7334482669830322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.7032138109207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gsm","display_name":"GSM","score":0.6957182884216309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.6838759183883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5699924230575562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-phone","display_name":"Mobile phone","score":0.5695368051528931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landmark","display_name":"Landmark","score":0.5660429000854492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5148752927780151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-phone-tracking","display_name":"Mobile phone tracking","score":0.5075039267539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographic-coordinate-system","display_name":"Geographic coordinate system","score":0.48250675201416016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.4793158769607544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint-recognition","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","score":0.45318692922592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assisted-gps","display_name":"Assisted GPS","score":0.4486005902290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phone","display_name":"Phone","score":0.44406065344810486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-positioning-system","display_name":"Hybrid positioning system","score":0.42283719778060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.4073941707611084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positioning-system","display_name":"Positioning system","score":0.3139194846153259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.295147180557251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gsm-services","display_name":"GSM services","score":0.2919872999191284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.19273722171783447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-radio","display_name":"Mobile radio","score":0.18307089805603027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16347268223762512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12744459509849548}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7627096772193909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7334482669830322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.7032138109207153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59201141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46904","display_name":"GSM","level":2,"score":0.6957182884216309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.6838759183883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5699924230575562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777421447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17517","display_name":"Mobile phone","level":2,"score":0.5695368051528931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780297707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4895393","display_name":"Landmark","level":2,"score":0.5660429000854492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5148752927780151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155598946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1486969","display_name":"Mobile phone tracking","level":5,"score":0.5075039267539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123046963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22664","display_name":"Geographic coordinate system","level":2,"score":0.48250675201416016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.4793158769607544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168406668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178022","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","level":3,"score":0.45318692922592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198613851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432394","display_name":"Assisted GPS","level":3,"score":0.4486005902290344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.44406065344810486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187394410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Hybrid positioning system","level":4,"score":0.42283719778060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.4073941707611084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778603505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning system","level":3,"score":0.3139194846153259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.295147180557251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205789325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15811187","display_name":"GSM services","level":4,"score":0.2919872999191284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.19273722171783447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781307350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6887221","display_name":"Mobile radio","level":2,"score":0.18307089805603027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16347268223762512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12744459509849548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/upinlbs.2010.5654313","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/upinlbs.2010.5654313","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 Ubiquitous Positioning Indoor Navigation and Location Based Service","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486203856","https://openalex.org/W1588399981","https://openalex.org/W1668357196","https://openalex.org/W1941994672","https://openalex.org/W2033593649","https://openalex.org/W2132110947","https://openalex.org/W2170102584","https://openalex.org/W6640727694"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2338366266","https://openalex.org/W2352528141","https://openalex.org/W189713034","https://openalex.org/W2171782134","https://openalex.org/W2755401669","https://openalex.org/W2552390423","https://openalex.org/W2373655383","https://openalex.org/W2226364097","https://openalex.org/W2376506503","https://openalex.org/W2369123351"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,186],"implemented":[1],"a":[2,91,117,163],"positioning":[3,62,125,189],"engine":[4,63,126],"for":[5,211,225],"mobile":[6,100,230],"phones":[7],"that":[8,147],"can":[9,83,109,159,222],"be":[10,110,223],"trained":[11,111],"by":[12,21,112],"the":[13,54,65,105,113,124,129,134,141,155,167,179,188,204,212,216,229,238,250],"users":[14],"to":[15,52,78,90,115,227,232,253],"recognize":[16],"places":[17,86],"as":[18,34,87,175],"personal":[19],"landmarks":[20,120],"their":[22,69,79,99],"wireless":[23,58,106],"communication":[24],"fingerprint.":[25,217],"Our":[26],"always-best-positioned":[27],"approach":[28],"integrates":[29],"heterogeneous":[30],"sensor":[31,107,131],"data,":[32],"such":[33],"Bluetooth":[35],"(BT)":[36],"device":[37,231],"addresses,":[38],"WLAN":[39,151],"MACs,":[40],"GSM":[41,172],"cell":[42],"ids":[43],"and":[44,71,139,200,202,246],"GPS":[45,174],"coordinates,":[46],"if":[47],"available.":[48],"As":[49],"an":[50],"alternative":[51],"measuring":[53],"signal":[55],"strength":[56],"of":[57,68,136,166,181,198,206,215],"access":[59],"points,":[60],"our":[61,192],"measures":[64],"relative":[66],"frequency":[67,213],"appearance":[70],"disappearance":[72],"over":[73],"time,":[74],"which":[75],"closely":[76],"correlates":[77],"distance.":[80],"The":[81,218],"user":[82,114],"add":[84],"new":[85],"symbolic":[88,219],"names":[89],"hierarchical":[92,156],"location":[93,220,252],"model":[94,158,221],"at":[95,160],"any":[96],"time":[97,208],"using":[98],"phone.":[101],"For":[102],"each":[103],"place,":[104],"fingerprint":[108],"define":[116],"landmark.":[118],"Once":[119],"have":[121],"been":[122],"trained,":[123],"continuously":[127],"matches":[128],"current":[130,168,251],"profile":[132],"against":[133],"database":[135],"learned":[137],"fingerprints":[138],"chooses":[140],"most":[142],"likely":[143],"place.":[144],"In":[145],"case":[146],"no":[148],"BT":[149],"or":[150,173,248],"APs":[152],"are":[153],"visible,":[154],"data":[157],"least":[161],"derive":[162],"higher-level":[164],"description":[165],"region":[169],"based":[170],"on":[171],"fallback":[176],"strategy":[177],"in":[178,191,196,240],"sense":[180],"being":[182],"always":[183],"best":[184],"positioned.":[185],"evaluated":[187],"accuracy":[190],"university's":[193],"lab":[194],"environment":[195],"terms":[197],"hits":[199],"misses":[201],"investigated":[203],"effect":[205],"various":[207],"window":[209],"sizes":[210],"measurement":[214],"applied":[224],"example":[226],"adapt":[228],"different":[233],"contexts,":[234],"e.g.":[235],"automatically":[236],"mute":[237],"ringtone":[239],"meeting":[241],"rooms,":[242],"trigger":[243],"location-dependent":[244],"rules":[245],"events,":[247],"disclose":[249],"friends.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}