{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2142704789","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ukci.2013.6651290","title":"Towards the evolution of novel vertical-axis wind turbines","display_name":"Towards the evolution of novel vertical-axis wind turbines","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2142704789","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ukci.2013.6651290","mag":"2142704789"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ukci.2013.6651290","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ukci.2013.6651290","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 13th UK Workshop on Computational Intelligence (UKCI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1212.5271","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033221821","display_name":"Richard J. Preen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3351-8132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178535277","display_name":"University of the West of England","ror":"https://ror.org/02nwg5t34","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard J. Preen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Creative Technologies, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom","Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Creative Technol., Univ. of the West of England, Bristol, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Creative Technologies, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Creative Technol., Univ. of the West of England, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103185578","display_name":"Larry Bull","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9072-2343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178535277","display_name":"University of the West of England","ror":"https://ror.org/02nwg5t34","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Larry Bull","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Creative Technologies, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom","Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Creative Technol., Univ. of the West of England, Bristol, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Creative Technologies, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Creative Technol., Univ. of the West of England, Bristol, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033221821"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":34.9444,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99266541,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"74","last_page":"81"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10680","display_name":"Wind Energy Research and Development","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10680","display_name":"Wind Energy Research and Development","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13126","display_name":"Scientific Research and Discoveries","score":0.9032999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-power","display_name":"Wind power","score":0.7171138525009155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertical-axis","display_name":"Vertical axis","score":0.5262726545333862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marine-engineering","display_name":"Marine engineering","score":0.44554978609085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.41472384333610535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horizontal-axis","display_name":"Horizontal axis","score":0.41441670060157776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3553787171840668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.34611037373542786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3403237462043762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.20070239901542664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19364693760871887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-drawing","display_name":"Engineering drawing","score":0.11065018177032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.07207849621772766}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78600449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43302","display_name":"Wind power","level":2,"score":0.7171138525009155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994321696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62912","display_name":"Vertical axis","level":2,"score":0.5262726545333862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.44554978609085083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41472384333610535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019506792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62912","display_name":"Horizontal axis","level":2,"score":0.41441670060157776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3553787171840668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.34611037373542786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3403237462043762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20070239901542664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19364693760871887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.11065018177032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.07207849621772766}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ukci.2013.6651290","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ukci.2013.6651290","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 13th UK Workshop on Computational Intelligence (UKCI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1212.5271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1212.5271","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1212.5271","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.uwe.ac.uk:25812","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/25812/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401464","display_name":"UWE Research Repository (UWE Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I178535277","host_organization_name":"University of the West of England","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178535277"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1212.5271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1212.5271","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1212.5271","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":92,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17735800","https://openalex.org/W57020322","https://openalex.org/W75550020","https://openalex.org/W274591644","https://openalex.org/W996746306","https://openalex.org/W1484749826","https://openalex.org/W1497256448","https://openalex.org/W1514436730","https://openalex.org/W1514875444","https://openalex.org/W1530935079","https://openalex.org/W1547618122","https://openalex.org/W1556866186","https://openalex.org/W1565897253","https://openalex.org/W1588569871","https://openalex.org/W1590686388","https://openalex.org/W1592214585","https://openalex.org/W1598413384","https://openalex.org/W1601755832","https://openalex.org/W1609223620","https://openalex.org/W1631041402","https://openalex.org/W1896765457","https://openalex.org/W1966106506","https://openalex.org/W1968749259","https://openalex.org/W1981267458","https://openalex.org/W1981388088","https://openalex.org/W1983449914","https://openalex.org/W1984103863","https://openalex.org/W1986172269","https://openalex.org/W1998686547","https://openalex.org/W2000196103","https://openalex.org/W2000503034","https://openalex.org/W2000690667","https://openalex.org/W2008045716","https://openalex.org/W2011174137","https://openalex.org/W2012451526","https://openalex.org/W2012606450","https://openalex.org/W2020399841","https://openalex.org/W2025439819","https://openalex.org/W2026643056","https://openalex.org/W2026800644","https://openalex.org/W2035332798","https://openalex.org/W2037343293","https://openalex.org/W2041920957","https://openalex.org/W2052432813","https://openalex.org/W2061796957","https://openalex.org/W2063648499","https://openalex.org/W2082425737","https://openalex.org/W2083542829","https://openalex.org/W2083924341","https://openalex.org/W2084253837","https://openalex.org/W2090711451","https://openalex.org/W2090997006","https://openalex.org/W2092582887","https://openalex.org/W2097368924","https://openalex.org/W2098716656","https://openalex.org/W2099361891","https://openalex.org/W2103507771","https://openalex.org/W2115343860","https://openalex.org/W2116827877","https://openalex.org/W2118311688","https://openalex.org/W2122702777","https://openalex.org/W2127197749","https://openalex.org/W2129594286","https://openalex.org/W2131612655","https://openalex.org/W2138087610","https://openalex.org/W2138789930","https://openalex.org/W2146309241","https://openalex.org/W2154047522","https://openalex.org/W2155845518","https://openalex.org/W2160582269","https://openalex.org/W2164331275","https://openalex.org/W2165944157","https://openalex.org/W2166739626","https://openalex.org/W2188327461","https://openalex.org/W2275361052","https://openalex.org/W2332504660","https://openalex.org/W2408095917","https://openalex.org/W2409941397","https://openalex.org/W2481135237","https://openalex.org/W4249388685","https://openalex.org/W4251077493","https://openalex.org/W4252457457","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6602310508","https://openalex.org/W6633968767","https://openalex.org/W6635359916","https://openalex.org/W6645405964","https://openalex.org/W6684157047","https://openalex.org/W6687072209","https://openalex.org/W6694725742","https://openalex.org/W6714813823","https://openalex.org/W7052563648"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2925634214","https://openalex.org/W1523847014","https://openalex.org/W4291223035","https://openalex.org/W2747087731","https://openalex.org/W4205617851","https://openalex.org/W2086629243","https://openalex.org/W2362086485","https://openalex.org/W2938204339","https://openalex.org/W3114509249","https://openalex.org/W3137920172"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Renewable":[0],"and":[1,57,77,107],"sustainable":[2],"energy":[3,23],"is":[4,68],"one":[5],"of":[6,44,83],"the":[7,21,42,81],"most":[8],"important":[9],"challenges":[10],"currently":[11],"facing":[12],"mankind.":[13],"Wind":[14],"has":[15],"made":[16],"an":[17],"increasing":[18],"contribution":[19],"to":[20,47,74,79,86],"world's":[22],"supply":[24],"mix,":[25],"but":[26],"still":[27],"remains":[28],"a":[29,71,88],"long":[30],"way":[31],"from":[32],"reaching":[33],"its":[34],"full":[35],"potential.":[36],"In":[37],"this":[38],"paper,":[39],"we":[40],"investigate":[41],"use":[43],"artificial":[45,65],"evolution":[46],"design":[48],"vertical-axis":[49],"wind":[50,61],"turbine":[51],"prototypes":[52],"that":[53],"are":[54,105,111],"physically":[55],"instantiated":[56],"evaluated":[58],"under":[59],"approximated":[60],"tunnel":[62],"conditions.":[63],"An":[64],"neural":[66],"network":[67],"used":[69,106],"as":[70,97],"surrogate":[72],"model":[73,109],"assist":[75],"learning":[76],"found":[78],"reduce":[80],"number":[82],"fabrications":[84],"required":[85],"reach":[87],"higher":[89],"aerodynamic":[90],"efficiency.":[91],"Unlike":[92],"in":[93],"other":[94],"approaches,":[95],"such":[96],"computational":[98],"fluid":[99],"dynamics":[100],"simulations,":[101],"no":[102,108],"mathematical":[103],"formulations":[104],"assumptions":[110],"made.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}