{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4310584396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/uemcon54665.2022.9965697","title":"Perception vs. Reality: Understanding and Evaluating the Impact of Synthetic Image Deepfakes over College Students","display_name":"Perception vs. Reality: Understanding and Evaluating the Impact of Synthetic Image Deepfakes over College Students","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4310584396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/uemcon54665.2022.9965697"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/uemcon54665.2022.9965697","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/uemcon54665.2022.9965697","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608506","display_name":"2022 IEEE 13th Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics &amp; Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 13th Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics &amp; Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039900367","display_name":"Ethan Preu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129510320","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Green Bay","ror":"https://ror.org/05hbexn54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129510320"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ethan Preu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin-Geen Bay,Computer Science,Green Bay,Wisconsin,USA","Computer Science, University of Wisconsin-Geen Bay, Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin-Geen Bay,Computer Science,Green Bay,Wisconsin,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129510320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, University of Wisconsin-Geen Bay, Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129510320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071185837","display_name":"Mark Jackson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0658-7098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129510320","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Green Bay","ror":"https://ror.org/05hbexn54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129510320"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Jackson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin-Geen Bay,Computer Science,Green Bay,Wisconsin,USA","Computer Science, University of Wisconsin-Geen Bay, Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin-Geen Bay,Computer Science,Green Bay,Wisconsin,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129510320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, University of Wisconsin-Geen Bay, Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129510320"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019939625","display_name":"Nazim Choudhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0236-9472"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129510320","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Green Bay","ror":"https://ror.org/05hbexn54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129510320"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nazim Choudhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin-Geen Bay,Computer Science,Green Bay,Wisconsin,USA","Computer Science, University of Wisconsin-Geen Bay, Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin-Geen Bay,Computer Science,Green Bay,Wisconsin,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129510320"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, University of Wisconsin-Geen Bay, Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129510320"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129510320"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.1339,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9753537,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"0547","last_page":"0553"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12214","display_name":"Media Influence and Health","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9811999797821045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/misinformation","display_name":"Misinformation","score":0.8183426856994629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.739401638507843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.5778536796569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.5151489973068237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.45490655303001404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legislation","display_name":"Legislation","score":0.44111549854278564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3477177023887634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-psychology","display_name":"Applied psychology","score":0.3453477919101715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.333171546459198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2673431634902954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.23512279987335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.17550769448280334}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776990098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13579947","display_name":"Misinformation","level":2,"score":0.8183426856994629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.739401638507843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5778536796569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5151489973068237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.45490655303001404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.44111549854278564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3477177023887634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.3453477919101715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.333171546459198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2673431634902954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.23512279987335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.17550769448280334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/uemcon54665.2022.9965697","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/uemcon54665.2022.9965697","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608506","display_name":"2022 IEEE 13th Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics &amp; Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 13th Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics &amp; Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2163176562","https://openalex.org/W2765811365","https://openalex.org/W2898712164","https://openalex.org/W2971162455","https://openalex.org/W2982058372","https://openalex.org/W2984529706","https://openalex.org/W2989851933","https://openalex.org/W3025670292","https://openalex.org/W3035574324","https://openalex.org/W3047625747","https://openalex.org/W3101512871","https://openalex.org/W3111152831","https://openalex.org/W3135235202","https://openalex.org/W3136860328","https://openalex.org/W3162906949","https://openalex.org/W3183380028","https://openalex.org/W3186285959","https://openalex.org/W3208526032","https://openalex.org/W4213187648","https://openalex.org/W4288287077","https://openalex.org/W6766232624","https://openalex.org/W6767933583","https://openalex.org/W6777726248","https://openalex.org/W6786432633","https://openalex.org/W6791729388","https://openalex.org/W6798076634","https://openalex.org/W7009458891"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3197131596","https://openalex.org/W4390616380","https://openalex.org/W4388666321","https://openalex.org/W4205914924","https://openalex.org/W4283459170","https://openalex.org/W4220949352","https://openalex.org/W4225301003","https://openalex.org/W4229014887","https://openalex.org/W4229067106","https://openalex.org/W4388798880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0],"Intelligence":[1],"(AI)-powered":[2],"Deepfakes":[3,49,147],"are":[4,126,148],"responsible":[5],"for":[6,32,185],"new":[7],"challenges":[8],"in":[9,66,72,110,128,165],"consumers\u2019":[10],"visual":[11],"experience,":[12],"and":[13,29,35,45,77,91,103,124,136,151,178],"pose":[14],"a":[15],"wide":[16],"range":[17],"of":[18,53,159,175],"negative":[19],"consequences":[20],"(i.e.,":[21],"non-consensual":[22],"intimate":[23],"imagery,":[24],"political":[25],"dis/misinformation,":[26],"financial":[27],"fraud,":[28],"cybersecurity":[30],"issues)":[31],"individuals,":[33],"societies,":[34],"organizations.":[36],"Research":[37],"suggested":[38],"legislation,":[39],"corporate":[40],"policies,":[41],"anti-Deepfake":[42],"technology,":[43],"education,":[44],"training":[46],"to":[47,56,98,143],"combat":[48],"including":[50],"the":[51,73,81,100,107,138,169,172,176],"usage":[52],"synthetic":[54,90,130],"media":[55,113,131],"raise":[57,78],"awareness":[58,79,167],"so":[59],"that":[60,121,156],"people":[61],"can":[62,162],"become":[63],"more":[64],"critical":[65],"detection":[67,183],"when":[68],"evaluating":[69],"these":[70],"contents":[71],"future.":[74],"To":[75],"educate":[76],"among":[80,168],"college-going":[82],"students,":[83],"this":[84,144,157],"pilot":[85],"survey":[86,160],"study":[87,161],"utilized":[88],"both":[89],"real":[92],"images":[93],"over":[94],"undergraduate":[95],"students":[96],"(N=19)":[97],"understand":[99],"human":[101,122],"cognition":[102,123],"perception":[104,125],"demonstrated":[105],"by":[106],"literate":[108],"population":[109,140,170],"detecting":[111,129],"Deepfake":[112],"with":[114,132],"their":[115,133,182],"bare":[116],"eyes.":[117],"The":[118],"results":[119],"showed":[120],"insufficient":[127],"inexperienced":[134],"eyes":[135],"even":[137],"intelligent":[139],"is":[141],"vulnerable":[142],"technology.":[145],"While":[146],"becoming":[149],"sophisticated":[150],"imperceptible,":[152],"it":[153],"was":[154],"observed":[155],"kind":[158],"be":[163],"beneficial":[164],"raising":[166],"about":[171],"societal":[173],"impact":[174],"technology":[177],"may":[179],"also":[180],"improve":[181],"ability":[184],"future":[186],"encounters.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
