{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2943907674","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/uemcon47517.2019.8992984","title":"Incentives Don't Solve Blockchain's Problems","display_name":"Incentives Don't Solve Blockchain's Problems","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2943907674","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/uemcon47517.2019.8992984","mag":"2943907674"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/uemcon47517.2019.8992984","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/uemcon47517.2019.8992984","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 10th Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics &amp; Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.04792","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033884371","display_name":"Shea Ketsdever","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shea Ketsdever","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA","Yale University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103508736","display_name":"Michael J. Fischer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael J. Fischer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA","Yale University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.04917567,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"abs 1810 2466","issue":null,"first_page":"0873","last_page":"0876"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.9529401063919067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8998448848724365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4953721761703491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/validator","display_name":"Validator","score":0.43938273191452026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.4315991699695587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.41852283477783203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proof-of-work-system","display_name":"Proof-of-work system","score":0.41571933031082153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-and-economics","display_name":"Law and economics","score":0.3833376169204712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.3499049246311188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3267359435558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.27804312109947205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07067370414733887}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.9529401063919067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8998448848724365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4953721761703491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35292069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1575458","display_name":"Validator","level":2,"score":0.43938273191452026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4315991699695587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.41852283477783203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123436394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7249984","display_name":"Proof-of-work system","level":3,"score":0.41571933031082153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3833376169204712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.3499049246311188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3267359435558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.27804312109947205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07067370414733887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/uemcon47517.2019.8992984","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/uemcon47517.2019.8992984","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 10th Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics &amp; Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1905.04792","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1905.04792","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.04792","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2943907674","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.04792v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1905.04792","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1905.04792","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1905.04792","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1905.04792","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.04792","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W239964209","https://openalex.org/W1520914943","https://openalex.org/W1601379374","https://openalex.org/W2020183851","https://openalex.org/W2083080613","https://openalex.org/W2128075586","https://openalex.org/W2183126124","https://openalex.org/W2766209351","https://openalex.org/W2803836845","https://openalex.org/W2895247503","https://openalex.org/W3020834992","https://openalex.org/W3151748982","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W6609205758","https://openalex.org/W6630973029","https://openalex.org/W6655766394","https://openalex.org/W6686086662","https://openalex.org/W6745143538","https://openalex.org/W6755572632"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3005797686","https://openalex.org/W3137423890","https://openalex.org/W2771524024","https://openalex.org/W2087420807","https://openalex.org/W2900823898","https://openalex.org/W2072109512","https://openalex.org/W2944704506","https://openalex.org/W2147358150","https://openalex.org/W2507589673","https://openalex.org/W2894873492","https://openalex.org/W2044737095","https://openalex.org/W2141708001","https://openalex.org/W1597724596","https://openalex.org/W217857012","https://openalex.org/W3205837949","https://openalex.org/W2461999092","https://openalex.org/W3705686","https://openalex.org/W1591038285","https://openalex.org/W2049640090","https://openalex.org/W3121188602"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"People":[0],"need":[1,54],"a":[2,8,23,45,55,72,146],"motive":[3],"to":[4,26,35,44,57,66,90,93,141],"use":[5,16,87],"and":[6,20,28,79,95,123],"maintain":[7,67],"system.":[9],"In":[10],"many":[11],"of":[12,74,115,129,148,151,157],"the":[13,31,68],"systems":[14,49],"we":[15],"today,":[17],"financial":[18,38],"rewards":[19,110,122],"punishments":[21,124],"provide":[22],"key":[24],"incentive":[25,101,137],"participate":[27,94],"abide":[29],"by":[30],"rules.":[32],"From":[33],"salaries":[34],"traffic":[36],"tickets,":[37],"motives":[39],"are":[40,139],"often":[41],"closely":[42],"tied":[43],"system's":[46],"viability.":[47],"Distributed":[48],"such":[50,118],"as":[51,119],"blockchain":[52,62],"also":[53,144],"mechanism":[56],"motivate":[58],"good":[59,172],"behavior.":[60,174],"A":[61],"must":[63],"encourage":[64,91],"users":[65,76,92],"system":[69],"while":[70],"preventing":[71],"minority":[73],"these":[75,99,136],"from":[77],"colluding":[78],"gaining":[80],"disproportionate":[81],"control.":[82],"Many":[83],"popular":[84],"public":[85],"blockchains":[86],"monetary":[88,154,163],"incentives":[89,164],"behave":[96],"appropriately.":[97],"But":[98],"same":[100],"schemes":[102,138],"create":[103],"more":[104],"problems":[105],"than":[106],"they":[107],"solve.":[108],"Mining":[109],"cause":[111],"centralization":[112],"in":[113,127],"proof":[114,128],"work":[116],"chains":[117],"Bitcoin.":[120],"Validator":[121],"invite":[125],"attacks":[126],"stake":[130],"chains.":[131],"This":[132],"paper":[133],"argues":[134],"why":[135],"detrimental":[140],"blockchain.":[142],"It":[143],"considers":[145],"range":[147],"other":[149],"systems-some":[150],"which":[152,158],"incorporate":[153],"incentives,":[155],"some":[156],"do":[159],"not-to":[160],"confirm":[161],"that":[162],"may":[165],"be":[166],"neither":[167],"necessary":[168],"nor":[169],"sufficient":[170],"for":[171],"user":[173]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
