{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2968071708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/uemcon.2018.8796625","title":"Morph-a-Dope: Using Pupil Manipulation to Spoof Eye Movement Biometrics","display_name":"Morph-a-Dope: Using Pupil Manipulation to Spoof Eye Movement Biometrics","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2968071708","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/uemcon.2018.8796625","mag":"2968071708"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/uemcon.2018.8796625","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/uemcon.2018.8796625","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 9th IEEE Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics & Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050103731","display_name":"Isaac Griswold-Steiner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1869-1001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12315562","display_name":"Texas Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isaac Griswold-Steiner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409","Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048548211","display_name":"Zakery Fyke","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12315562","display_name":"Texas Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zakery Fyke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409","Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102159993","display_name":"Mushfique Ahmed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12315562","display_name":"Texas Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mushfique Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409","Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014177748","display_name":"Abdul Serwadda","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12315562","display_name":"Texas Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdul Serwadda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409","Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5463,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62682927,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"543","last_page":"552"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.7894706130027771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7628061175346375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pupil","display_name":"Pupil","score":0.7371627688407898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iris-recognition","display_name":"Iris recognition","score":0.642890214920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.64119553565979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5706472396850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-movement","display_name":"Eye movement","score":0.536255955696106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.5241539478302002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.5151501893997192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.49479979276657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iris","display_name":"IRIS (biosensor)","score":0.43740010261535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43369942903518677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3948889672756195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.0780063271522522}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.7894706130027771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7628061175346375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777394604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173318","display_name":"Pupil","level":2,"score":0.7371627688407898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112356035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1672722","display_name":"Iris recognition","level":3,"score":0.642890214920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.64119553565979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5706472396850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153050134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760256","display_name":"Eye movement","level":2,"score":0.536255955696106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.5241539478302002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5151501893997192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.49479979276657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779503344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5973514","display_name":"IRIS (biosensor)","level":3,"score":0.43740010261535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43369942903518677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3948889672756195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0780063271522522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/uemcon.2018.8796625","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/uemcon.2018.8796625","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 9th IEEE Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics & Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309537","display_name":"Texas Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2385227","https://openalex.org/W100859729","https://openalex.org/W379639981","https://openalex.org/W1554675373","https://openalex.org/W1580980576","https://openalex.org/W1965305672","https://openalex.org/W1990701202","https://openalex.org/W2001537709","https://openalex.org/W2040686253","https://openalex.org/W2062130558","https://openalex.org/W2075655761","https://openalex.org/W2105121197","https://openalex.org/W2110313460","https://openalex.org/W2117141284","https://openalex.org/W2119348712","https://openalex.org/W2126871739","https://openalex.org/W2157298821","https://openalex.org/W2288826045","https://openalex.org/W2423693064","https://openalex.org/W2535970271","https://openalex.org/W2783257340","https://openalex.org/W3110683067","https://openalex.org/W6600084908","https://openalex.org/W6786768871"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162640687","https://openalex.org/W2018223046","https://openalex.org/W3034835805","https://openalex.org/W2151970936","https://openalex.org/W2759939383","https://openalex.org/W2294693339","https://openalex.org/W2557390811","https://openalex.org/W2355560018","https://openalex.org/W2147209541","https://openalex.org/W4231710054"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Eye":[0],"Tracking":[1],"Authentication":[2],"-":[3,17],"a":[4,14,25,49,133],"mechanism":[5],"where":[6],"eye":[7,83],"movement":[8],"patterns":[9],"are":[10],"used":[11],"to":[12,66,81,113],"verify":[13],"user's":[15],"identity":[16],"is":[18,37,61],"increasingly":[19],"being":[20,33],"explored":[21],"for":[22,126,132],"use":[23],"as":[24,111,122,124],"layer":[26],"of":[27,108],"security":[28],"in":[29,68],"computing":[30],"systems.":[31],"Despite":[32],"widely":[34],"studied,":[35],"there":[36],"barely":[38],"any":[39],"research":[40,130],"investigating":[41],"how":[42],"these":[43],"systems":[44,86],"could":[45,64],"be":[46],"attacked":[47],"by":[48,105,117],"determined":[50],"attacker.":[51],"In":[52],"particular,":[53],"the":[54,100,103,114,118],"relationship":[55],"between":[56],"pupil":[57,94,138],"characteristics":[58],"and":[59,121],"lighting":[60,79],"one":[62],"that":[63,77,87,144],"lead":[65],"vulnerabilities":[67],"improperly":[69],"secured":[70],"systems.This":[71],"paper":[72],"presents":[73],"Morph-a-Dope,":[74],"an":[75,106],"attack":[76,101,116],"leverages":[78],"manipulations":[80],"defeat":[82],"tracking":[84],"authentication":[85],"heavily":[88],"rely":[89],"on":[90,136],"features":[91,140],"derived":[92],"from":[93],"sizes.":[95],"Across":[96],"20":[97],"attacker-victim":[98],"pairs,":[99],"increased":[102],"EER":[104],"average":[107],"over":[109],"50%":[110],"compared":[112],"zero-effort":[115],"overall":[119],"population,":[120],"much":[123],"500%":[125],"individual":[127],"victims.":[128],"Our":[129],"calls":[131],"greater":[134],"emphasis":[135],"manipulation-resistant":[137],"size":[139],"or":[141],"system":[142],"designs":[143],"otherwise":[145],"avoid":[146],"such":[147],"vulnerabilities.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}