{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2971850257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ucet.2019.8881861","title":"Design and Implementation of a 3D Printed Sensory Ball for Wireless Water Flow Monitoring","display_name":"Design and Implementation of a 3D Printed Sensory Ball for Wireless Water Flow Monitoring","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2971850257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ucet.2019.8881861","mag":"2971850257"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ucet.2019.8881861","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ucet.2019.8881861","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 UK/ China Emerging Technologies (UCET)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017191801","display_name":"Yi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1239-3441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050741219","display_name":"Rami Ghannam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6910-9280"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rami Ghannam","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080703642","display_name":"Manousos Valyrakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9245-8817"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manousos Valyrakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100700922","display_name":"Hadi Heidari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8412-8164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hadi Heidari","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017191801"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2177,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60370721,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12537","display_name":"Flow Measurement and Analysis","score":0.9580000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.738244891166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ball","display_name":"Ball (mathematics)","score":0.7117616534233093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6698327660560608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.6668051481246948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.45046374201774597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.44323819875717163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-flow","display_name":"Design flow","score":0.4362127184867859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16027462482452393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.142005056142807}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.738244891166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122041747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838611","display_name":"Ball (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.7117616534233093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6698327660560608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.6668051481246948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.45046374201774597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.44323819875717163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37135326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931942","display_name":"Design flow","level":2,"score":0.4362127184867859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16027462482452393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.142005056142807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ucet.2019.8881861","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ucet.2019.8881861","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 UK/ China Emerging Technologies (UCET)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:190724","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Proceedings"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:190724","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Proceedings"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.8199999928474426,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992462183","https://openalex.org/W2011304713","https://openalex.org/W2109872373","https://openalex.org/W2143225719","https://openalex.org/W2490351791","https://openalex.org/W2756938440","https://openalex.org/W2766141878","https://openalex.org/W2779962002","https://openalex.org/W2799482278","https://openalex.org/W2906793881"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2510217115","https://openalex.org/W2378314110","https://openalex.org/W1781058469","https://openalex.org/W2363207358","https://openalex.org/W2381693813","https://openalex.org/W1630534680","https://openalex.org/W1583236647","https://openalex.org/W2971850257","https://openalex.org/W2972113137","https://openalex.org/W2171365224"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sensor":[0],"networks":[1],"can":[2,43],"detect":[3],"and":[4,13,34,73],"communicate":[5],"information":[6],"regarding":[7,83],"the":[8,31],"ambient":[9],"environment":[10],"using":[11],"wireless":[12,80],"real-time":[14],"methods.":[15],"Consequently,":[16],"sensor":[17],"node":[18],"design":[19],"is":[20,55],"of":[21,37,86],"critical":[22],"importance":[23],"for":[24],"monitoring":[25],"water":[26,46,63],"quality.":[27],"This":[28],"paper":[29],"describes":[30],"design,":[32],"fabrication":[33],"implementation":[35],"process":[36],"a":[38,76],"3D-printed":[39],"sensory":[40,52],"ball":[41,53],"that":[42,54],"remotely":[44],"collect":[45],"flow":[47,64],"parameters":[48],"in":[49,57,70,91],"real-time.":[50],"A":[51],"10-cm":[56],"diameter":[58],"was":[59,67],"used":[60],"to":[61,75],"measure":[62],"parameters.":[65],"Data":[66],"then":[68],"captured":[69],"real":[71],"time":[72],"sent":[74],"personal":[77],"computer":[78],"via":[79],"communications.":[81],"Discussions":[82],"alternative":[84],"applications":[85],"this":[87,92],"device":[88],"are":[89],"provided":[90],"manuscript.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}