{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7163134275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3696511","title":"Rate Maximization for the HAPS-Assisted Cell-Free Massive MIMO Networks","display_name":"Rate Maximization for the HAPS-Assisted Cell-Free Massive MIMO Networks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7163134275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3696511"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2026.3696511","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3696511","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034017809","display_name":"\u0130rem Cumal\u0131","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5394-277X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120217413","display_name":"Izmir Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03stptj97","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120217413"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0130rem Cumal\u0131","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, Türkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5394-277X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, Türkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120217413"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112218940","display_name":"Berna Zbek","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120217413","display_name":"Izmir Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03stptj97","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120217413"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Berna \u00d6zbek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, Türkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4359-7874","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, Türkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120217413"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022600471","display_name":"G\u00fcne\u015f Karabulut Kurt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7188-2619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","display_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/05f8d4e86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G\u00fcne\u015f Karabulut Kurt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Poly-Grames Research Center, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7188-2619","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Poly-Grames Research Center, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137687862","display_name":"Halim Yanikomeroglu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4776-9354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Halim Yanikomeroglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Non-Terrestrial Networks (Carleton-NTN) Laboratory, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4776-9354","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Non-Terrestrial Networks (Carleton-NTN) Laboratory, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60700414,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":null,"first_page":"18171","last_page":"18184"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.8797000050544739,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.8797000050544739,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":0.027499999850988388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.011699999682605267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5486999750137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.29120001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.27570000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7372999787330627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5486999750137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.40119999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.326200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.29120001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91330434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q738298","display_name":"Multi-user MIMO","level":4,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165650700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4636347","display_name":"3G MIMO","level":4,"score":0.262800008058548}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2026.3696511","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3696511","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gcris.iyte.edu.tr:11147/19350","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11147/19350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400894","display_name":"\u0130YTE (\u0130ZM\u0130R Y\u00dcKSEK TEKNOLOJ\u0130 ENST\u0130T\u00dcS\u00dc)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I120217413","host_organization_name":"Izmir Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120217413"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cell-free":[0],"massive":[1],"multiple-input":[2],"multiple-output":[3],"(CF-mMIMO)":[4],"has":[5],"emerged":[6],"as":[7,35,70,80],"a":[8,71,81,97,120],"new":[9],"paradigm":[10],"shift":[11],"for":[12,43,74,184],"future":[13],"wireless":[14,56],"communication":[15],"networks":[16,30,108],"to":[17,53],"cope":[18],"with":[19,32],"the":[20,48,87,94,114,127,132,138,146,157,164,173,176],"limitations":[21],"of":[22,28,178],"traditional":[23],"cellular":[24],"architectures.":[25],"The":[26,90],"deployment":[27],"CF-mMIMO":[29,88,140],"comes":[31],"challenges,":[33],"such":[34],"enabling":[36],"reliable":[37],"and":[38,76,103,163],"low-latency":[39],"fronthaul":[40,57],"connections,":[41],"particularly":[42],"isolated":[44],"geographical":[45],"areas":[46],"where":[47],"fiber":[49],"optics":[50],"are":[51,59],"costly":[52],"deploy":[54],"or":[55],"links":[58],"inaccessible.":[60],"To":[61],"address":[62],"this,":[63],"high":[64],"altitude":[65],"platform":[66],"station":[67],"(HAPS)":[68],"emerges":[69],"promising":[72],"solution":[73],"fronthauling":[75,159],"ensuring":[77],"cooperation":[78],"tasks":[79],"central":[82],"processing":[83],"unit":[84],"(CPU)":[85],"in":[86,93,137,181,186],"networks.":[89],"HAPS":[91,162],"located":[92],"stratosphere":[95],"provides":[96],"wide":[98],"coverage":[99],"area,":[100],"low":[101],"latency,":[102],"cost-efficient":[104],"fronthauling.":[105],"Therefore,":[106],"cell-free":[107],"can":[109],"achieve":[110],"seamless":[111],"connectivity":[112],"between":[113],"distributed":[115],"access":[116],"points":[117],"(APs)":[118],"at":[119],"higher":[121],"effective":[122],"data":[123,152],"rate":[124,134],"by":[125,154,161,170],"leveraging":[126,155],"HAPS.":[128],"This":[129],"paper":[130],"investigates":[131],"sum":[133],"maximization":[135],"problem":[136],"HAPS-assisted":[139,179],"systems.":[141],"Performance":[142],"evaluations":[143],"demonstrate":[144],"that":[145],"proposed":[147],"system":[148],"design":[149],"increases":[150],"users\u2019":[151],"rates":[153],"both":[156],"high-capacity":[158],"supported":[160],"superior":[165],"spatial":[166],"multiplexing":[167],"gain":[168],"provided":[169],"CF-mMIMO.":[171],"Furthermore,":[172],"study":[174],"highlights":[175],"potential":[177],"architectures":[180],"providing":[182],"services":[183],"users":[185],"underserved":[187],"areas.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-19T07:52:34.831488","created_date":"2026-06-03T00:00:00"}