{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7161720036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3691272","title":"GNN-Enhanced Deep Reinforcement Learning for mmWave-NOMA Resource Optimization","display_name":"GNN-Enhanced Deep Reinforcement Learning for mmWave-NOMA Resource Optimization","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7161720036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3691272"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2026.3691272","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3691272","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072735645","display_name":"Ayman Rabee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7515-9911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201726411","display_name":"United Arab Emirates University","ror":"https://ror.org/01km6p862","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201726411"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayman Rabee","raw_affiliation_strings":["EECE Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7515-9911","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EECE Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201726411"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089107914","display_name":"Imad Barhumi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9752-709X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201726411","display_name":"United Arab Emirates University","ror":"https://ror.org/01km6p862","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201726411"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imad Barhumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["EECE Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9752-709X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EECE Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201726411"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73971521,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":null,"first_page":"17086","last_page":"17101"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.554099977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.554099977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.08810000121593475,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.05950000137090683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.6496999859809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","score":0.37709999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.3483000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3118000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.30660000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.2937000095844269}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7527999877929688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.6496999859809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49380001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4025999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.37709999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.3483000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3393000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3118000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.30660000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2937000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.2824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2759999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55660270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164377","display_name":"Constrained optimization","level":2,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91575142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971426","display_name":"Optimal control","level":2,"score":0.26579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155386361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1649571","display_name":"Process control","level":3,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.26089999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194387892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1747770","display_name":"Stochastic optimization","level":2,"score":0.25440001487731934}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2026.3691272","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3691272","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2195693430","https://openalex.org/W2769456309","https://openalex.org/W2781054684","https://openalex.org/W2890609471","https://openalex.org/W2892078410","https://openalex.org/W2906129482","https://openalex.org/W2963368779","https://openalex.org/W2963634826","https://openalex.org/W2963698325","https://openalex.org/W2964015378","https://openalex.org/W2964671637","https://openalex.org/W2965716521","https://openalex.org/W2979171492","https://openalex.org/W2985013241","https://openalex.org/W3014787243","https://openalex.org/W3022032069","https://openalex.org/W3115949477","https://openalex.org/W3121955719","https://openalex.org/W3136003212","https://openalex.org/W3158472242","https://openalex.org/W3188049147","https://openalex.org/W3197218539","https://openalex.org/W3206067486","https://openalex.org/W3206694169","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W4292347981","https://openalex.org/W4312849067","https://openalex.org/W4312849087","https://openalex.org/W4361801860","https://openalex.org/W4384788065","https://openalex.org/W4394585930","https://openalex.org/W4399310980","https://openalex.org/W4400276270","https://openalex.org/W4400276795","https://openalex.org/W4402258658","https://openalex.org/W4402916011","https://openalex.org/W4407404045","https://openalex.org/W4408609772","https://openalex.org/W4408860590","https://openalex.org/W4409494581","https://openalex.org/W4409985486","https://openalex.org/W4411472206","https://openalex.org/W4415178658"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,29,64,135],"unified":[4],"deep":[5],"learning":[6],"framework":[7,27,117],"for":[8,111,140],"resource":[9,74],"optimization":[10],"in":[11],"millimeter-wave":[12],"non-orthogonal":[13],"multiple":[14],"access":[15],"(mmWave-NOMA)":[16],"systems,":[17],"addressing":[18],"user":[19,71],"clustering,":[20],"power":[21,92,126],"allocation,":[22,75],"and":[23,77,93,124,128,137],"hybrid":[24],"beamforming.":[25,94],"The":[26,131],"integrates":[28],"Graph":[30,43],"Neural":[31],"Network":[32,45],"(GNN)-based":[33],"clustering":[34,52,101],"module":[35],"with":[36,63,108],"Deep":[37,81],"Reinforcement":[38],"Learning":[39],"(DRL)":[40],"architectures.":[41],"A":[42],"Attention":[44],"(GAT)":[46],"is":[47],"employed":[48],"to":[49,89],"perform":[50],"adaptive":[51],"from":[53],"channel":[54],"correlations,":[55],"achieving":[56],"accurate":[57],"grouping":[58],"across":[59],"diverse":[60],"network":[61],"scales":[62],"single":[65],"trained":[66],"model":[67],"that":[68,98],"supports":[69],"dynamic":[70],"admission.":[72],"For":[73],"standalone":[76],"GNN-enhanced":[78],"Twin":[79],"Delayed":[80],"Deterministic":[82],"Policy":[83],"Gradient":[84],"(TD3)":[85],"models":[86],"are":[87],"developed":[88],"jointly":[90],"optimize":[91],"Simulation":[95],"results":[96],"show":[97],"the":[99,115],"GNN-based":[100],"achieves":[102],"2\u20135":[103],"ms":[104,110],"inference":[105],"times,":[106],"compared":[107],"5\u201370":[109],"conventional":[112],"methods,":[113],"while":[114],"TD3-GNN":[116],"improves":[118],"spectral":[119],"efficiency":[120,127],"by":[121],"approximately":[122],"13%":[123],"enhances":[125],"quality-of-service":[129],"satisfaction.":[130],"proposed":[132],"approach":[133],"offers":[134],"scalable":[136],"real-time":[138],"solution":[139],"next-generation":[141],"mmWave-NOMA":[142],"networks.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-05-20T00:00:00"}