{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128490949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3660717","title":"DFT-Based Near-Field Beam Alignment: Model-Based and Data-Driven Hybrid Approach","display_name":"DFT-Based Near-Field Beam Alignment: Model-Based and Data-Driven Hybrid Approach","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128490949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3660717"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2026.3660717","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3660717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090441223","display_name":"Hongjun Heo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongjun Heo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Institute of New Media and Communications, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Institute of New Media and Communications, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125482652","display_name":"Wan Choi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wan Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Institute of New Media and Communications, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Institute of New Media and Communications, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090441223"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69744791,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":null,"first_page":"11850","last_page":"11865"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.2653000056743622,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.2653000056743622,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.19169999659061432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.13940000534057617,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5393000245094299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.4848000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam","display_name":"Beam (structure)","score":0.47679999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-transform","display_name":"Fourier transform","score":0.4526999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.4442000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fast-fourier-transform","display_name":"Fast Fourier transform","score":0.43700000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-fourier-transform","display_name":"Discrete Fourier transform (general)","score":0.4323999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compatibility","display_name":"Compatibility (geochemistry)","score":0.4108999967575073}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5774999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5393000245094299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.4848000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.47679999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.4526999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.4442000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75172450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623950","display_name":"Fast Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.43700000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57733114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006032","display_name":"Discrete Fourier transform (general)","level":5,"score":0.4323999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778648169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967768","display_name":"Compatibility (geochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4108999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.40549999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.37560001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.33489999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19889080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835852","display_name":"Beam search","level":3,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3215999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.30140000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.29840001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.2870999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2865000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26190000772476196}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2026.3660717","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3660717","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6899117231369019,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1584244501","https://openalex.org/W2054692642","https://openalex.org/W2056156948","https://openalex.org/W2219770862","https://openalex.org/W2220689418","https://openalex.org/W2332880118","https://openalex.org/W2796342606","https://openalex.org/W2962944637","https://openalex.org/W3164550829","https://openalex.org/W4226370247","https://openalex.org/W4289752563","https://openalex.org/W4297310224","https://openalex.org/W4312688996","https://openalex.org/W4313270783","https://openalex.org/W4366967707","https://openalex.org/W4382119112","https://openalex.org/W4386453663","https://openalex.org/W4388579645","https://openalex.org/W4394828428","https://openalex.org/W4397026566","https://openalex.org/W4403022968","https://openalex.org/W4404576599","https://openalex.org/W4405056264","https://openalex.org/W4411055241","https://openalex.org/W4413887104"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"beam":[1,51,74],"alignment":[2,52,129,137,152],"is":[3],"a":[4,46,78,131,139],"critical":[5],"challenge":[6],"in":[7,15,65,138,161],"extremely":[8],"large-scale":[9,178],"multiple-input":[10],"multiple-output":[11],"(XL-MIMO)":[12],"systems,":[13,67],"especially":[14],"the":[16,56,73,83,89,105,113,147],"near-field":[17,32,50,106,179],"regime,":[18],"where":[19],"conventional":[20,57],"far-field":[21,66],"assumptions":[22],"no":[23],"longer":[24],"hold.":[25],"While":[26],"2D":[27],"polar-domain":[28],"codebooks":[29],"can":[30],"capture":[31],"effects,":[33],"they":[34],"incur":[35],"high":[36],"time":[37],"and":[38,130,165],"computational":[39,163],"complexity.":[40],"To":[41],"address":[42],"this,":[43],"we":[44,87],"propose":[45],"novel":[47],"line-of-sight":[48],"(LoS)":[49],"scheme":[53,116,149],"that":[54,100,146],"reuses":[55],"discrete":[58],"Fourier":[59],"transform":[60],"(DFT)":[61],"codebook,":[62],"commonly":[63],"employed":[64],"ensuring":[68],"backward":[69],"compatibility":[70],"without":[71],"modifying":[72],"set.":[75],"By":[76],"introducing":[77],"new":[79],"method":[80],"to":[81],"analyze":[82],"energy":[84],"spread":[85],"effect,":[86],"define":[88],"concept":[90],"of":[91],"an":[92],"\u03f5-approximated":[93],"signal":[94],"subspace,":[95],"spanned":[96],"by":[97],"DFT":[98,124],"vectors":[99],"exhibit":[101],"significant":[102],"correlation":[103],"with":[104,120],"channel":[107],"vector.":[108],"Building":[109],"on":[110],"this":[111],"analysis,":[112],"proposed":[114,148],"hybrid":[115],"integrates":[117],"model-based":[118],"principles":[119],"data-driven":[121],"techniques,":[122],"using":[123],"properties":[125],"for":[126,176],"efficient":[127],"coarse":[128],"deep":[132],"neural":[133,166],"network":[134,167],"(DNN)-aided":[135],"fine":[136],"reduced":[140],"search":[141],"space.":[142],"Extensive":[143],"evaluations":[144],"demonstrate":[145],"attains":[150],"higher":[151],"accuracy":[153],"than":[154],"existing":[155],"methods,":[156],"while":[157],"providing":[158],"substantial":[159],"reductions":[160],"both":[162],"load":[164],"model":[168],"size.":[169],"These":[170],"advantages":[171],"make":[172],"it":[173],"well":[174],"suited":[175],"practical":[177],"deployments.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-14T06:23:00.392402","created_date":"2026-02-11T00:00:00"}