{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7125970976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3655924","title":"Beamforming Optimization for Multiuser and Multi-Target ISAC With Transceiver Hardware Impairments","display_name":"Beamforming Optimization for Multiuser and Multi-Target ISAC With Transceiver Hardware Impairments","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7125970976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3655924"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2026.3655924","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3655924","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016258165","display_name":"Zhenyao He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4655-7635"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyao He","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124084404","display_name":"Wei Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000095574","display_name":"Zhaohui Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1105-8841"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaohui Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076730859","display_name":"Chongwen Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8398-8437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chongwen Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100358534","display_name":"Jianfeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7091-5563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156165","display_name":"Lenovo (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/04srd9d93","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156165"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianfeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lenovo Group Ltd., Lenovo Research, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lenovo Group Ltd., Lenovo Research, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156165"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124072114","display_name":"Chau Yuen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chau Yuen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016258165"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.21161008,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":null,"first_page":"10824","last_page":"10840"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8963000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.7044000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5730999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.5473999977111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.5031999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4307999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-radar","display_name":"Passive radar","score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.3434999883174896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8963000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7731000185012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.7044000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5730999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.5473999977111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.5031999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4307999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3917999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151120012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2143008","display_name":"Passive radar","level":5,"score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.374099999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.35920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3434999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.337799996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3352000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50151734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1759577","display_name":"Matched filter","level":3,"score":0.32710000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.3068000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.27090001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.2612999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777104032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16324514","display_name":"Multiuser detection","level":3,"score":0.26019999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2026.3655924","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3655924","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/211451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10356/211451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1895366383","https://openalex.org/W1984859907","https://openalex.org/W2012563130","https://openalex.org/W2031211320","https://openalex.org/W2042599231","https://openalex.org/W2053521124","https://openalex.org/W2059210598","https://openalex.org/W2100573451","https://openalex.org/W2122744491","https://openalex.org/W2141915025","https://openalex.org/W2142238976","https://openalex.org/W2145813819","https://openalex.org/W2320703891","https://openalex.org/W2604612205","https://openalex.org/W2896569052","https://openalex.org/W2964202652","https://openalex.org/W2987674273","https://openalex.org/W3004579445","https://openalex.org/W3012445440","https://openalex.org/W3021024154","https://openalex.org/W3038047043","https://openalex.org/W3097485127","https://openalex.org/W3116764287","https://openalex.org/W3157573981","https://openalex.org/W3194620979","https://openalex.org/W3199941339","https://openalex.org/W3200820186","https://openalex.org/W3211270128","https://openalex.org/W4205204500","https://openalex.org/W4205381552","https://openalex.org/W4225013399","https://openalex.org/W4229452920","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4294068720","https://openalex.org/W4312258136","https://openalex.org/W4312897659","https://openalex.org/W4317794926","https://openalex.org/W4320013858","https://openalex.org/W4377971517","https://openalex.org/W4381735924","https://openalex.org/W4381745246","https://openalex.org/W4381785965","https://openalex.org/W4389610184","https://openalex.org/W4390659125","https://openalex.org/W4394744522","https://openalex.org/W4398226243","https://openalex.org/W4400276778","https://openalex.org/W4402170108"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,110],"this":[1,93],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,44,97,105,112,167,181,215],"focus":[4],"on":[5],"beamforming":[6,51,140,192],"optimization":[7,84,95,205],"for":[8,65,103,162],"a":[9,100,131,138,163,169],"multiuser":[10,74],"and":[11,15,28,49,77,87,137,193,223],"multi-target":[12,67,165],"integrated":[13],"sensing":[14],"communication":[16,75],"(ISAC)":[17],"system":[18],"with":[19,99,158,187],"non-ideal":[20],"hardware":[21,39,129,212],"at":[22,52],"both":[23],"the":[24,29,36,47,53,58,66,71,119,151,190,204,217,220],"base":[25],"station":[26],"(BS)":[27],"users.":[30],"Specifically,":[31],"by":[32,127],"taking":[33],"into":[34],"account":[35],"impact":[37],"of":[38,73,121,171,219],"impairments":[40],"encountered":[41],"in":[42,114,118],"practice,":[43],"jointly":[45],"optimize":[46],"transmit":[48,78,139,191],"receive":[50,175],"ISAC":[54],"BS":[55],"to":[56,70,89,189,198,207,229],"maximize":[57],"minimum":[59],"radar":[60,135,174],"output":[61],"signal-to-interference-plus-noise":[62],"ratio":[63],"(SINR)":[64],"sensing,":[68],"subject":[69],"constraints":[72],"requirements":[76],"power":[79],"limit.":[80],"The":[81],"formulated":[82],"joint":[83],"is":[85],"nonconovex":[86],"challenging":[88],"solve.":[90],"To":[91],"address":[92],"intricate":[94],"task,":[96],"start":[98],"single-target":[101],"scenario,":[102,166],"which":[104,149],"propose":[106,194],"an":[107,155,183,195],"optimal":[108,173],"solution.":[109],"particular,":[111],"prove":[113],"theory":[115],"that,":[116],"even":[117],"presence":[120],"general":[122,164],"additive":[123],"Gaussian":[124],"distortions":[125],"caused":[126],"transceiver":[128],"impairments,":[130],"matched":[132],"filter":[133],"(MF)":[134],"receiver":[136],"determined":[141],"through":[142,232],"beampattern":[143],"gain":[144],"maximization":[145],"criterion":[146],"are":[147],"optimal,":[148],"follow":[150],"same":[152],"strategies":[153],"as":[154],"ideal":[156],"scenario":[157],"perfect":[159],"hardware.":[160],"Subsequently,":[161],"derive":[168],"series":[170],"closed-form":[172],"beamforming.":[176],"By":[177],"substituting":[178],"these":[179],"solutions,":[180],"achieve":[182],"equivalent":[184],"problem":[185],"reformulation":[186],"respect":[188],"iterative":[196],"algorithm":[197],"solve":[199],"it.":[200],"We":[201],"also":[202],"extend":[203],"method":[206],"cases":[208],"involving":[209],"more":[210],"realistic":[211],"impairments.":[213],"Finally,":[214],"evaluate":[216],"effectiveness":[218],"proposed":[221],"algorithms":[222],"highlight":[224],"their":[225],"notable":[226],"advantages":[227],"compared":[228],"existing":[230],"approaches":[231],"simulation":[233],"results.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T08:04:53.788161","created_date":"2026-01-29T00:00:00"}