{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7124857432","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3652938","title":"Throughput Maximization and Load Balancing for Satellite Communications With Coordinated Beam Hopping: A Lyapunov Optimization Perspective","display_name":"Throughput Maximization and Load Balancing for Satellite Communications With Coordinated Beam Hopping: A Lyapunov Optimization Perspective","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7124857432","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3652938"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2026.3652938","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3652938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123402016","display_name":"Guanhua Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guanhua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063200773","display_name":"Fang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3575-5086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110746241","display_name":"Jiaji Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7450-8958"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaji Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057091449","display_name":"Jian Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6895-0385"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123434298","display_name":"Zhu Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5123402016"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.25671666,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":null,"first_page":"11034","last_page":"11050"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9506999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9506999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.012000000104308128,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11896","display_name":"Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks","score":0.005499999970197678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyapunov-optimization","display_name":"Lyapunov optimization","score":0.6621999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queue","display_name":"Queue","score":0.5813999772071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5774999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-balancing","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","score":0.5404000282287598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyapunov-function","display_name":"Lyapunov function","score":0.5135999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.48069998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.4498000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convex-optimization","display_name":"Convex optimization","score":0.3921000063419342}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7874000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101403955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6707083","display_name":"Lyapunov optimization","level":5,"score":0.6621999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160403385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220543","display_name":"Queue","level":2,"score":0.5813999772071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5774999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138959212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806783","display_name":"Load balancing (electrical power)","level":3,"score":0.5404000282287598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60640748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2337858","display_name":"Lyapunov function","level":3,"score":0.5135999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.48069998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.4498000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4442000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157972887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463359","display_name":"Convex optimization","level":3,"score":0.3921000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.39089998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3781999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3682999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.33320000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.3325999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.3138999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357554","display_name":"Load management","level":2,"score":0.29660001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54108766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391064","display_name":"Packet loss","level":3,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22684755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847526","display_name":"Queueing theory","level":2,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195563490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180368","display_name":"Network congestion","level":3,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.2542000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.2531999945640564}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2026.3652938","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2026.3652938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974661392","https://openalex.org/W2070084552","https://openalex.org/W2102992945","https://openalex.org/W2111240713","https://openalex.org/W2134869843","https://openalex.org/W2328795904","https://openalex.org/W2571488926","https://openalex.org/W2752507962","https://openalex.org/W2900729845","https://openalex.org/W2921679472","https://openalex.org/W2941952695","https://openalex.org/W2996053900","https://openalex.org/W3000537180","https://openalex.org/W3009516399","https://openalex.org/W3010747144","https://openalex.org/W3034082372","https://openalex.org/W3147278562","https://openalex.org/W3168221165","https://openalex.org/W3193780420","https://openalex.org/W3207334251","https://openalex.org/W3214727290","https://openalex.org/W4210565458","https://openalex.org/W4293057743","https://openalex.org/W4301852635","https://openalex.org/W4312312028","https://openalex.org/W4312695084","https://openalex.org/W4312871425","https://openalex.org/W4321608158","https://openalex.org/W4323338322","https://openalex.org/W4328028621","https://openalex.org/W4365800387","https://openalex.org/W4385517055","https://openalex.org/W4385975750","https://openalex.org/W4386634601","https://openalex.org/W4388283421","https://openalex.org/W4388739131","https://openalex.org/W4390357280","https://openalex.org/W4392309268","https://openalex.org/W4392717081","https://openalex.org/W4394627542","https://openalex.org/W4396817454","https://openalex.org/W4404431330","https://openalex.org/W4413300725","https://openalex.org/W4414538821"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"mega":[1],"low-Earth-orbit":[2],"(LEO)":[3],"satellite":[4,13,26],"constellation":[5],"can":[6,57,227],"achieve":[7],"high":[8],"throughput":[9,36,76,97,110,165,231],"and":[10,38,45,67,116,179,184,232],"low":[11,135],"latency":[12],"communications,":[14],"which":[15],"is":[16,105,127,166,199],"highlighted":[17],"for":[18,35,122,130,163,170],"next-generation":[19],"communications.":[20,79],"In":[21],"this":[22],"paper,":[23],"the":[24,42,51,62,75,88,96,113,120,140,152,161,175,181,203,208,216,224,230,234,239,243,246],"LEO":[25],"communications":[27],"with":[28,50,148,174,238],"coordinated":[29],"beam":[30],"hopping":[31],"(BH)":[32],"are":[33,71,145,156,187],"investigated":[34],"maximization":[37],"load":[39,81,123,195],"balancing.":[40],"Generally,":[41],"geographically":[43],"non-uniform":[44],"time-varying":[46],"packet":[47,235],"arriving,":[48],"along":[49],"interference":[52],"caused":[53],"by":[54,98,111,206],"dense":[55],"beams,":[56],"present":[58],"significant":[59],"challenges.":[60],"Hence,":[61],"proper":[63],"BH":[64,114,182],"pattern":[65,115,183],"selection":[66],"dynamic":[68,117],"power":[69,185],"allocation":[70,186],"necessitated":[72],"to":[73,107,138,202],"enhance":[74,139],"of":[77,211,218,245],"satellite-terrestrial":[78],"Additionally,":[80],"balancing":[82,124,196],"via":[83,125,197],"inter-satellite":[84],"links":[85],"(ISLs)":[86],"adjusts":[87],"queue":[89,153,204],"length":[90,205],"among":[91],"satellites,":[92],"thus":[93],"indirectly":[94],"altering":[95],"mitigating":[99],"congestion.":[100],"Therefore,":[101],"an":[102],"optimization":[103,248],"problem":[104,121,162],"formulated":[106],"maximize":[108],"long-term":[109,164],"determining":[112],"power,":[118],"while":[119],"ISLs":[126,198],"also":[128],"proposed":[129,225],"stabilizing":[131],"queues":[132],"in":[133,158],"a":[134],"congestion":[136,217],"state":[137],"throughput.":[141],"As":[142],"both":[143],"problems":[144],"inherently":[146],"associated":[147],"each":[149,171],"other":[150],"through":[151,190],"length,":[154],"they":[155],"solved":[157],"cycles.":[159],"Specifically,":[160],"converted":[167],"into":[168],"decisions":[169],"time":[172],"slot":[173],"Lyapunov":[176,212,247],"drift-plus-penalty":[177],"method,":[178],"then":[180],"optimized":[188],"alternately":[189],"successive":[191],"convex":[192],"approximation.":[193],"Moreover,":[194],"determined":[200],"according":[201],"minimizing":[207],"upper":[209],"bound":[210],"drift,":[213],"thereby":[214],"decreasing":[215],"queues.":[219],"Simulation":[220],"results":[221],"indicate":[222],"that":[223],"method":[226],"effectively":[228],"improve":[229],"reduce":[233],"loss":[236],"compared":[237],"existing":[240],"baselines,":[241],"demonstrating":[242],"effectiveness":[244],"based":[249],"method.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-07T06:11:34.122080","created_date":"2026-01-21T00:00:00"}
