{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417131132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3637814","title":"Reconfigurable Codebook-Based Beamforming for RDARS-Aided mmWave MU-MIMO Systems","display_name":"Reconfigurable Codebook-Based Beamforming for RDARS-Aided mmWave MU-MIMO Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417131132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3637814"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3637814","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3637814","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113112772","display_name":"Chengwang Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9624-9398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengwang Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9624-9398","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544","https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544","https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055513664","display_name":"Qing Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0982-5263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qing Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0982-5263","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067949963","display_name":"Haiquan Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3897-9950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiquan Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3897-9950","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544","https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544","https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114763082","display_name":"Jintao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3726-6796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jintao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3726-6796","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544","https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544","https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085018249","display_name":"Qiaoyan Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0937-9374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiaoyan Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0937-9374","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544","https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544","https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053586699","display_name":"Shaodan Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5521-3650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaodan Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5521-3650","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544","https://openalex.org/I204512498"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City, University of Macau, Macao, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544","https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100653327","display_name":"Wei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1059-3642"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1059-3642","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.33699261,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":null,"first_page":"8417","last_page":"8433"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9790999889373779,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9790999889373779,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.007000000216066837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.005799999926239252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8822000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codebook","display_name":"Codebook","score":0.8763999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5236999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.5171999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-division-multiple-access","display_name":"Time division multiple access","score":0.5110999941825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.505299985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.46380001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space-division-multiple-access","display_name":"Space-division multiple access","score":0.41519999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.4050999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.39820000529289246}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8822000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127759330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637416","display_name":"Codebook","level":2,"score":0.8763999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7677000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5236999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.5171999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117313154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878344","display_name":"Time division multiple access","level":2,"score":0.5110999941825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.505299985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.48539999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.46380001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778140939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3494197","display_name":"Space-division multiple access","level":3,"score":0.41519999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.4050999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.39820000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.38199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.36579999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.36559998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.3637999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.3571000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.3402000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.32269999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3208000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140483","display_name":"Narrowband","level":2,"score":0.31360000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19275194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222903","display_name":"Multiplexing","level":2,"score":0.30309998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3021000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143635782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187868","display_name":"Smart antenna","level":4,"score":0.2985000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.29840001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.29789999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.29649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.29330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.27799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190060920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876232","display_name":"Beamwidth","level":3,"score":0.26249998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.25609999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3637814","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3637814","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2475379859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0114/2025/AMJ","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3258890540","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0020/2025/RIB1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3365983472","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0535","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3377898391","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0087/2022/AFJ","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G386322393","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ORP03/2026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4769791754","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"001/2024/SKL","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8392669911","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62261160650","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321655","display_name":"Science and Technology Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/044vr6g03"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323172","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W836396136","https://openalex.org/W2061873132","https://openalex.org/W2163844889","https://openalex.org/W2261663070","https://openalex.org/W2588137119","https://openalex.org/W2963634826","https://openalex.org/W2969788250","https://openalex.org/W3005347223","https://openalex.org/W3038533179","https://openalex.org/W3083569984","https://openalex.org/W3088768990","https://openalex.org/W3127940641","https://openalex.org/W3137570378","https://openalex.org/W3178014739","https://openalex.org/W3189447947","https://openalex.org/W4221142134","https://openalex.org/W4288062579","https://openalex.org/W4312563363","https://openalex.org/W4313001863","https://openalex.org/W4323022492","https://openalex.org/W4352977381","https://openalex.org/W4362714460","https://openalex.org/W4366728347","https://openalex.org/W4382998721","https://openalex.org/W4383220029","https://openalex.org/W4383960492","https://openalex.org/W4385819700","https://openalex.org/W4386263992","https://openalex.org/W4386449985","https://openalex.org/W4387042313","https://openalex.org/W4388739171","https://openalex.org/W4389610267","https://openalex.org/W4389924236","https://openalex.org/W4391547876","https://openalex.org/W4394744873","https://openalex.org/W4396542228","https://openalex.org/W4396909820","https://openalex.org/W4400526165","https://openalex.org/W4403096080","https://openalex.org/W4403635734","https://openalex.org/W4407128013","https://openalex.org/W4408859522","https://openalex.org/W7092297086"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reconfigurable":[0],"distributed":[1],"antenna":[2],"and":[3,25,29,74,99,118,135,156,164,183,217,235],"reflecting":[4],"surface":[5],"(RDARS)":[6],"is":[7,94,105,154],"a":[8,66,84],"new":[9],"architecture":[10],"for":[11,33,38,102,112,140],"the":[12,23,48,54,72,77,97,109,125,128,136,149,152,157,169,174,177,184,189,192,197,209,214,225,236,239],"sixth-generation":[13],"(6G)":[14],"millimeter":[15],"wave":[16],"(mmWave)":[17],"communications.":[18],"In":[19,41],"RDARS-aided":[20,55],"mmWave":[21,56],"systems,":[22],"active":[24,98],"passive":[26,100],"beamforming":[27,101,202],"design":[28,65,203],"working":[30],"mode":[31],"configuration":[32],"reconfigurable":[34,67],"elements":[35,134,182],"are":[36,143,166,205],"crucial":[37],"system":[39],"performance.":[40],"this":[42],"paper,":[43],"we":[44,63,172],"aim":[45],"to":[46,107,207,224],"maximize":[47],"weighted":[49],"sum":[50],"rate":[51],"(WSR)":[52],"in":[53,70,145],"system.":[57],"To":[58],"take":[59],"advantage":[60],"of":[61,76,131,151,179,191,196,238],"RDARS,":[62],"first":[64],"codebook":[68],"(RCB)":[69],"which":[71,160,221],"number":[73,130,178],"dimension":[75],"codeword":[78],"can":[79],"be":[80],"flexibly":[81],"adjusted.":[82],"Then,":[83],"low":[85],"overhead":[86],"beam":[87],"training":[88],"scheme":[89],"based":[90],"on":[91],"hierarchical":[92],"search":[93],"proposed.":[95],"Accordingly,":[96],"data":[103],"transmission":[104],"designed":[106],"achieve":[108],"maximum":[110],"WSR":[111,141],"both":[113],"space-division":[114],"multiple":[115,120],"access":[116,121],"(SDMA)":[117],"time-division":[119],"(TDMA)":[122],"schemes.":[123,241],"For":[124,168],"TDMA":[126],"scheme,":[127,171],"optimal":[129,193],"RDARS":[132,153,161,180,198,218],"transmit":[133,199],"allocated":[137],"power":[138],"budget":[139],"maximization":[142],"derived":[144,206],"closed":[146],"form.":[147],"Besides,":[148],"superiority":[150,237],"verified":[155],"conditions":[158],"under":[159],"outperforms":[162],"RIS":[163],"DAS":[165],"given.":[167],"SDMA":[170],"characterize":[173],"relationship":[175],"between":[176],"connected":[181],"user":[185],"distribution,":[186],"followed":[187],"by":[188],"derivation":[190],"placement":[194],"positions":[195],"elements.":[200],"High-quality":[201],"solutions":[204],"minimize":[208],"inter-user":[210],"interference":[211],"(IUI)":[212],"at":[213],"base":[215],"station":[216],"side":[219],"respectively,":[220],"nearly":[222],"leads":[223],"maximal":[226],"WSR.":[227],"Finally,":[228],"simulation":[229],"results":[230],"confirm":[231],"our":[232],"theoretical":[233],"findings":[234],"proposed":[240]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-12-08T00:00:00"}
