{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416649669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3634471","title":"On the Distributed Transmission for Mid-Band ELAA Wireless Communication Systems","display_name":"On the Distributed Transmission for Mid-Band ELAA Wireless Communication Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416649669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3634471"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3634471","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3634471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021418824","display_name":"Jiachen Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4939-4974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiachen Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4939-4974","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100688274","display_name":"Yu Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3791-6050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3791-6050","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100375264","display_name":"Xiao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9660-9053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9660-9053","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013079905","display_name":"Shi Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-6021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-6021","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024436944","display_name":"Chao-Kai Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5952-232X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142974352","display_name":"National Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mjawt10","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao-Kai Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5952-232X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9024,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79575296,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":null,"first_page":"7890","last_page":"7904"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.20550000667572021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.20550000667572021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12450","display_name":"Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology","score":0.10729999840259552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.10260000079870224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.5591999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5263000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5084999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.49970000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.43630000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4275999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ergodic-theory","display_name":"Ergodic theory","score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.4106999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.4081000089645386}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7723000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.5591999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5263000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5084999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.49970000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.43630000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4275999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122044880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5498822","display_name":"Ergodic theory","level":2,"score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.4106999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.4081000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.38839998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3797000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.3547999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.3537999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.33009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57733114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006032","display_name":"Discrete Fourier transform (general)","level":5,"score":0.30570000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.303600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.29980000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775957982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283138","display_name":"Distributed antenna system","level":3,"score":0.2971999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.2953000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.28349998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781327853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3552547","display_name":"User equipment","level":3,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.26089999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113407356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1431214","display_name":"Spectral leakage","level":3,"score":0.26089999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775907427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2697649","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiple access","level":4,"score":0.2556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3634471","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3634471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1003364742","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62261160576","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2984192591","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62422105","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3363585228","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BE2023022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335956","funder_display_name":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program of Guangzhou"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7101942999","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BE2023022-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335956","funder_display_name":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program of Guangzhou"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7520185953","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"624B2038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8283536380","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BE2023022-2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335956","funder_display_name":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program of Guangzhou"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335956","display_name":"Key Technologies Research and Development Program of Guangzhou","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1918848090","https://openalex.org/W1971443733","https://openalex.org/W1999833500","https://openalex.org/W2015301486","https://openalex.org/W2041287972","https://openalex.org/W2099647334","https://openalex.org/W2111717285","https://openalex.org/W2141262522","https://openalex.org/W2143927285","https://openalex.org/W2149743051","https://openalex.org/W2155072837","https://openalex.org/W2164887629","https://openalex.org/W2168744525","https://openalex.org/W2286275639","https://openalex.org/W2339667469","https://openalex.org/W2340550737","https://openalex.org/W2344181355","https://openalex.org/W2651491514","https://openalex.org/W2794802543","https://openalex.org/W2898041937","https://openalex.org/W2898451729","https://openalex.org/W2963532871","https://openalex.org/W2979317621","https://openalex.org/W2997786076","https://openalex.org/W3091365446","https://openalex.org/W3098290937","https://openalex.org/W3148198191","https://openalex.org/W3172818029","https://openalex.org/W3185863076","https://openalex.org/W3192219671","https://openalex.org/W3209253255","https://openalex.org/W3215644076","https://openalex.org/W4226370247","https://openalex.org/W4319878826","https://openalex.org/W4375929136","https://openalex.org/W4376481253","https://openalex.org/W4392449462","https://openalex.org/W4394744873","https://openalex.org/W4399118807","https://openalex.org/W4400877120","https://openalex.org/W4401907077","https://openalex.org/W4402474682","https://openalex.org/W4411371177","https://openalex.org/W4414539021"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,108],"mid-band":[1,22],"frequency":[2,85],"range,":[3],"combined":[4],"with":[5,36,142],"extra-large-scale":[6],"antenna":[7],"arrays":[8],"(ELAA),":[9],"is":[10,76,100,153,173],"emerging":[11],"as":[12,41,91],"a":[13,56,64,73,96,147],"critical":[14],"enabler":[15],"for":[16,156],"future":[17],"communication":[18],"systems.":[19],"However,":[20],"deploying":[21],"ELAA":[23],"systems":[24],"presents":[25],"significant":[26],"challenges":[27],"due":[28],"to":[29,119,202],"the":[30,79,92,114,166,177,182,193],"high":[31],"complexity":[32],"and":[33,63,88,105,138,159,181,196,209],"overhead":[34,208],"associated":[35],"signal":[37],"processing":[38],"tasks":[39],"such":[40],"channel":[42,61,186],"state":[43],"information":[44],"(CSI)":[45],"acquisition.":[46],"This":[47],"paper":[48],"introduces":[49],"an":[50],"efficient":[51],"transmission":[52,67,98,168,197],"framework":[53,110,195],"that":[54,192],"incorporates":[55],"distributed":[57,60,148],"hardware":[58,93],"architecture,":[59],"modeling,":[62],"dual":[65],"time-scale":[66],"protocol.":[68],"Building":[69],"upon":[70],"this":[71],"framework,":[72],"practical":[74],"implementation":[75],"proposed,":[77],"leveraging":[78],"discrete":[80],"Fourier":[81],"transform":[82],"(DFT)-based":[83],"radio":[84],"(RF)":[86],"front-ends":[87],"linear":[89],"receivers":[90],"foundation.":[94],"Additionally,":[95],"novel":[97],"strategy":[99,198],"developed,":[101],"exploiting":[102],"both":[103,157],"statistical":[104,126,136],"instantaneous":[106,151],"CSI.":[107,127],"proposed":[109,167,194],"includes":[111],"approximations":[112],"of":[113,185],"ergodic":[115,170],"spectral":[116],"efficiency":[117],"(SE)":[118],"guide":[120],"DFT":[121,178],"beam":[122],"selection":[123],"based":[124],"on":[125,176],"Furthermore,":[128],"two":[129],"user":[130],"scheduling":[131],"strategies":[132],"are":[133],"introduced,":[134],"utilizing":[135],"CSI":[137,152],"location":[139],"information,":[140],"respectively,":[141],"angular":[143],"division":[144],"implemented":[145],"in":[146],"manner.":[149],"Reduced-dimensional":[150],"then":[154],"employed":[155],"local":[158],"centralized":[160],"processing.":[161],"To":[162],"support":[163],"system":[164],"design,":[165],"strategy\u2019s":[169],"SE":[171,200],"performance":[172],"analyzed,":[174],"focusing":[175],"RF":[179],"front-end":[180],"eigenvalue":[183],"characteristics":[184],"correlation":[187],"matrices.":[188],"Numerical":[189],"results":[190],"reveal":[191],"achieve":[199],"comparable":[201],"fully-digital":[203],"architectures,":[204],"while":[205],"significantly":[206],"reducing":[207],"complexity.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-11-25T00:00:00"}
