{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415626590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3624112","title":"Physical Layer Anonymous Precoding Under CSI and Hardware-Imperfections: A KLD-Based Approach","display_name":"Physical Layer Anonymous Precoding Under CSI and Hardware-Imperfections: A KLD-Based Approach","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415626590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3624112"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3624112","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3624112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017789130","display_name":"Yifan Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8409-1883"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136431","display_name":"Shanghai Tongji Urban Planning and Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03gb38m78","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136431"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifan Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Architecture and Urban Planning and the College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","College of Electronic and Information Engineering, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8409-1883","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Architecture and Urban Planning and the College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136431"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136431"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034778772","display_name":"Zhongxiang Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0584-5566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136431","display_name":"Shanghai Tongji Urban Planning and Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03gb38m78","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136431"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongxiang Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Architecture and Urban Planning, the College of Electronic and Information Engineering, and the State Key Laboratory of High-Speed Maglev Transportation Technology, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","College of Electronic and Information Engineering, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0584-5566","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Architecture and Urban Planning, the College of Electronic and Information Engineering, and the State Key Laboratory of High-Speed Maglev Transportation Technology, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136431"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136431"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100606009","display_name":"Sumei Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-8122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumei Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore","Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-8122","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xu Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030334551","display_name":"Christos Masouros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8259-6615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christos Masouros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8259-6615","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004201783","display_name":"Athina P. Petropulu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7380-7815"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Athina P. Petropulu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7380-7815","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6534,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68965612,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":null,"first_page":"6225","last_page":"6239"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.5455999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.5455999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.2029999941587448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.019300000742077827,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.7305999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication-source","display_name":"Communication source","score":0.6711999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.5235999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anonymity","display_name":"Anonymity","score":0.46540001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.41690000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.3986999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.3547999858856201}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.7305999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198104137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974688","display_name":"Communication source","level":2,"score":0.6711999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.5235999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178005623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308859","display_name":"Anonymity","level":2,"score":0.46540001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.41690000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.3986999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3637999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.3547999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.31839999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778701210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28130034","display_name":"Constructive","level":3,"score":0.3021000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.30000001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.2590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41918916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"PHY","level":4,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155437304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8069444","display_name":"Zero-forcing precoding","level":5,"score":0.25200000405311584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3624112","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3624112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10217178","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10217178/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications       (2025)     (In press).","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G351996751","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22120230311","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4058943695","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"25-1-YB-05","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5160650035","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171161","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1911476179","https://openalex.org/W2005470419","https://openalex.org/W2005708967","https://openalex.org/W2092431085","https://openalex.org/W2095413367","https://openalex.org/W2109426455","https://openalex.org/W2118365066","https://openalex.org/W2126192196","https://openalex.org/W2146761479","https://openalex.org/W2170895945","https://openalex.org/W2272804037","https://openalex.org/W2274841867","https://openalex.org/W2338920776","https://openalex.org/W2401625836","https://openalex.org/W2593082056","https://openalex.org/W2608568479","https://openalex.org/W2781091734","https://openalex.org/W2909485178","https://openalex.org/W2911978475","https://openalex.org/W2921099176","https://openalex.org/W2963842818","https://openalex.org/W2981232515","https://openalex.org/W3016632787","https://openalex.org/W3027993135","https://openalex.org/W3038752399","https://openalex.org/W3168211341","https://openalex.org/W3171137082","https://openalex.org/W3173057896","https://openalex.org/W3178639223","https://openalex.org/W3192578430","https://openalex.org/W4210613352","https://openalex.org/W4221049158","https://openalex.org/W4289655465","https://openalex.org/W4289656863","https://openalex.org/W4309177411","https://openalex.org/W4376481083","https://openalex.org/W4387319283"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,21,33,47,56,79,82,87,96,98,102,106,116,120,137,145,153,157,161,169,173,179,183,191,196,207,223,229,243],"emerging":[2],"privacy":[3],"sensitive":[4],"applications,":[5],"anonymity":[6,209,224],"is":[7,84,93,134,164,218,233,240],"recognized":[8],"as":[9,75,186],"an":[10,126,212],"important":[11],"attribute":[12],"in":[13],"privacy-preserving":[14],"communications.":[15],"Existing":[16],"anonymous":[17,129,215],"precoding":[18,201],"approaches":[19,248],"at":[20,235],"physical":[22],"(PHY)":[23],"layer":[24],"aim":[25],"to":[26,46,114,166,242],"mask":[27],"sender\u2019s":[28,57],"channel":[29,109],"characteristic":[30,63],"while":[31],"overlooking":[32],"fact":[34],"that":[35,41,55,151,167,222],"other":[36],"PHY":[37],"characteristics":[38,104],"contain":[39],"information":[40],"can":[42,71,111],"be":[43,73,112],"traced":[44],"back":[45],"sender.":[48,80,117],"In":[49],"this":[50],"paper,":[51],"we":[52,181],"first":[53],"reveal":[54],"in-phase":[58],"and":[59,91,108,225,239],"quadrature-phase":[60],"imbalance":[61],"(IQI)":[62],"of":[64,78,105,139,147,155,160,168,198,200,228],"its":[65],"radio":[66],"frequency":[67],"(RF)":[68],"front":[69,89],"end":[70,90],"also":[72],"exploited":[74,113],"unique":[76],"signature":[77],"Since":[81],"signal":[83,100],"transmitted":[85,148],"through":[86,95],"RF":[88],"then":[92],"propagated":[94],"channel,":[97],"received":[99],"carries":[101],"composite":[103],"IQI":[107,127,184,193,213,244],"which":[110],"identify":[115],"To":[118,171],"prevent":[119],"sender":[121,131,163,208],"detection":[122,158],"enhanced":[123],"by":[124,178],"IQI,":[125,180],"aware":[128,214],"alias":[130],"construction":[132],"scheme":[133],"proposed":[135,230],"with":[136],"concept":[138],"Kullback-Leibler":[140],"divergence":[141],"(KLD).":[142],"It":[143],"manipulates":[144],"signaling":[146],"signal,":[149],"so":[150],"from":[152],"perspective":[154],"detector,":[156],"statistic":[159],"real":[162],"close":[165],"alias.":[170],"mitigate":[172],"communication":[174,226],"performance":[175,227],"loss":[176],"caused":[177],"exploit":[182],"interference":[185],"a":[187,236],"constructive":[188,192],"element.":[189],"While":[190],"design":[194],"increases":[195],"degree":[197],"freedom":[199],"design,":[202],"it":[203],"does":[204],"not":[205],"violate":[206],"requirement.":[210],"Finally,":[211],"precoder":[216,232],"(IAA)":[217],"proposed.":[219],"Simulation":[220],"demonstrates":[221],"IAA":[231],"maintained":[234],"high":[237],"level":[238],"robust":[241],"parameters,":[245],"where":[246],"existing":[247],"fail.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-29T00:00:00"}