{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414054190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3604344","title":"A Control-Based Design of Beamforming and Trajectory for UAV-Enabled ISAC System","display_name":"A Control-Based Design of Beamforming and Trajectory for UAV-Enabled ISAC System","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414054190","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3604344"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3604344","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3604344","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100365238","display_name":"Bin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9565-0991"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9565-0991","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078618490","display_name":"H.L. Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0314-7836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0314-7836","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073176557","display_name":"Yue Rong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-7479"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205640436","display_name":"Curtin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n415q13","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205640436"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Rong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia","School of Electrical Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5831-7479","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205640436"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205640436"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063667378","display_name":"Zhu Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6606-5822"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6606-5822","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.0877,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97566485,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":null,"first_page":"3469","last_page":"3484"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10040","display_name":"Adaptive Control of Nonlinear Systems","score":0.9750000238418579,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13257","display_name":"Advanced Control and Stabilization in Aerospace Systems","score":0.9667999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8464999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.6363999843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory-optimization","display_name":"Trajectory optimization","score":0.578499972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.5338000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadratic-programming","display_name":"Quadratic programming","score":0.487199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piecewise","display_name":"Piecewise","score":0.47940000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.43459999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convex-optimization","display_name":"Convex optimization","score":0.4293999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relaxation","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","score":0.3977999985218048}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8464999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7305999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.6363999843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173246807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7833062","display_name":"Trajectory optimization","level":3,"score":0.578499972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.5338000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5217999815940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81845259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290117","display_name":"Quadratic programming","level":2,"score":0.487199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164660894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2037833","display_name":"Piecewise","level":2,"score":0.47940000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.43459999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157972887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463359","display_name":"Convex optimization","level":3,"score":0.4293999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3977999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.3370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17095337","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2375229","display_name":"Piecewise linear function","level":2,"score":0.32330000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129844170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41299","display_name":"Quadratic equation","level":2,"score":0.29739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115527620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769909","display_name":"Nonlinear programming","level":3,"score":0.29499998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6180225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3411771","display_name":"Penalty method","level":2,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148764684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621751","display_name":"Approximation algorithm","level":2,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37404715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380679","display_name":"Dynamic programming","level":2,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198927703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4373881","display_name":"Sequential quadratic programming","level":3,"score":0.266400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91575142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971426","display_name":"Optimal control","level":2,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3604344","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3604344","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1115783141","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JCKY2021204B051","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335833","funder_display_name":"National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6004504000","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U24B20156","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8519647467","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JPMJAP2326","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335833","display_name":"National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973734421","https://openalex.org/W2050968963","https://openalex.org/W2098518123","https://openalex.org/W2105235982","https://openalex.org/W2118198126","https://openalex.org/W2155951048","https://openalex.org/W2299553154","https://openalex.org/W2469797310","https://openalex.org/W2580241428","https://openalex.org/W2588504744","https://openalex.org/W2621151963","https://openalex.org/W2773360978","https://openalex.org/W2783189583","https://openalex.org/W2885421746","https://openalex.org/W2895865304","https://openalex.org/W2945878689","https://openalex.org/W2962889437","https://openalex.org/W2963061782","https://openalex.org/W2963642922","https://openalex.org/W2964023906","https://openalex.org/W2964202652","https://openalex.org/W2968303571","https://openalex.org/W2986558541","https://openalex.org/W3006143078","https://openalex.org/W3038047043","https://openalex.org/W3092028919","https://openalex.org/W3164569368","https://openalex.org/W3166374507","https://openalex.org/W3172456231","https://openalex.org/W3194620979","https://openalex.org/W3200820186","https://openalex.org/W3203702019","https://openalex.org/W3211270128","https://openalex.org/W4206111066","https://openalex.org/W4221165631","https://openalex.org/W4226379933","https://openalex.org/W4312897659","https://openalex.org/W4361801952","https://openalex.org/W4365128483","https://openalex.org/W4385221014","https://openalex.org/W4388052968","https://openalex.org/W4390534132","https://openalex.org/W4390659317","https://openalex.org/W4393906028","https://openalex.org/W4394938938","https://openalex.org/W4396712561","https://openalex.org/W4400770877","https://openalex.org/W4401163973","https://openalex.org/W4401725792","https://openalex.org/W4403635770"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2963170046","https://openalex.org/W2376244802","https://openalex.org/W1971477554","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2158075901","https://openalex.org/W818226659","https://openalex.org/W4391913857"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"study":[1],"a":[2,16,19,33,152,164,183],"control-based":[3,165],"design":[4,121,149],"of":[5,29,56,209],"beamforming":[6,95,120,148,160],"and":[7,36,51,80,90,93,118,123,140,158,170],"trajectory":[8,89,126,179],"that":[9,200],"incorporates":[10],"the":[11,48,70,77,81,87,91,100,104,110,116,124,130,135,147,156,177,201,210,214],"dynamic":[12,54,78,106],"model,":[13],"focusing":[14],"on":[15],"scenario":[17],"where":[18],"multi-antenna":[20],"unmanned":[21],"aerial":[22],"vehicle":[23],"(UAV)":[24],"simultaneously":[25],"performs":[26],"radar":[27],"sensing":[28,82,94,119,159],"multiple":[30,39],"targets":[31],"in":[32,62,207,217],"specific":[34],"region":[35],"communication":[37,73,92,117,157],"with":[38,99,167,220],"ground":[40],"users.":[41],"Two":[42],"optimization":[43,127,180],"problems":[44,66],"are":[45,59],"formulated":[46],"for":[47],"three-degree-of-freedom":[49],"(3-DoF)":[50],"six-degree-of-freedom":[52],"(6-DoF)":[53],"models":[55],"UAV,":[57],"which":[58,187],"often":[60],"overlooked":[61],"existing":[63,215],"designs.":[64],"These":[65],"aim":[67],"to":[68,145,175],"maximize":[69],"average":[71],"weighted":[72],"rate":[74],"while":[75],"maintaining":[76],"constraints":[79],"service":[83],"requirements":[84],"by":[85,103,192],"designing":[86],"UAV":[88,105,125,131,178,211],"vectors.":[96],"To":[97],"deal":[98],"challenges":[101],"posed":[102],"constraints,":[107],"we":[108,133,162],"decompose":[109],"original":[111],"problem":[112],"into":[113,151,182],"two":[114],"subproblems:":[115],"subproblem,":[122],"subproblem.":[128],"Given":[129,155],"trajectory,":[132],"employ":[134],"sequential":[136,193],"convex":[137,153],"approximation":[138],"(SCA)":[139],"semi-definite":[141],"relaxation":[142],"(SDR)":[143],"methods":[144],"transform":[146,176],"subproblem":[150,181],"problem.":[154],"vectors,":[161],"propose":[163],"approach":[166],"piecewise":[168],"parameterization":[169],"exact":[171],"penalty":[172],"function":[173],"strategies":[174],"static":[184],"nonlinear":[185],"program,":[186],"can":[188],"be":[189],"efficiently":[190],"solved":[191],"quadratic":[194],"programming":[195],"(SQP).":[196],"Numerical":[197],"simulations":[198],"indicate":[199],"proposed":[202],"scheme":[203,216],"is":[204],"more":[205],"feasible":[206],"terms":[208],"control":[212],"than":[213],"practical":[218],"systems,":[219],"less":[221],"performance":[222,227],"loss":[223],"or":[224],"even":[225],"no":[226],"degradation.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-01-10T23:39:48.068659","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
