{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413120537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3594380","title":"Secure Optical Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Aided Visible Light Communications With Nonlinear Impairments","display_name":"Secure Optical Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Aided Visible Light Communications With Nonlinear Impairments","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413120537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3594380"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3594380","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3594380","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062033471","display_name":"Pu Miao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4096-4501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108688024","display_name":"Qingdao University","ror":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pu Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4096-4501","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012861792","display_name":"Gaojie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2978-0365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaojie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Flexible Electronics, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2978-0365","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Flexible Electronics, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100768575","display_name":"Xuewen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9689-6678"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuewen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055397791","display_name":"Yu Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7282-491X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20942203","display_name":"Hainan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03q648j11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7282-491X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20942203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030581708","display_name":"Kang Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1557-3966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108688024","display_name":"Qingdao University","ror":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1557-3966","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063667378","display_name":"Zhu Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6606-5822"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6606-5822","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032549075","display_name":"Rahim Tafazolli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-8639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahim Tafazolli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-8639","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4626,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66005988,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":null,"first_page":"2045","last_page":"2060"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9365000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.7882852554321289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6418692469596863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-wireless-communications","display_name":"Optical wireless communications","score":0.5151954293251038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-communication","display_name":"Optical communication","score":0.46899890899658203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.45825186371803284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4278722107410431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.40108174085617065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3909575939178467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3322966694831848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-wireless","display_name":"Optical wireless","score":0.3045760989189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.28485262393951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.1771622598171234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1700333058834076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1268801987171173}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.7882852554321289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6418692469596863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107021485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18385577","display_name":"Optical wireless communications","level":4,"score":0.5151954293251038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.46899890899658203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.45825186371803284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4278722107410431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.40108174085617065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3909575939178467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3322966694831848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781305180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098907","display_name":"Optical wireless","level":3,"score":0.3045760989189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.28485262393951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.1771622598171234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1700333058834076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1268801987171173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3594380","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3594380","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1892227851","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2023MF096","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336925","funder_display_name":"Shandong Provincial Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3605205617","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"24hytd010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335880","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of the Central South University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6794935354","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62261021","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7993675288","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2023MF096","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8991589403","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No.24hytd010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322622","display_name":"Toyota Motor Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/02zqm6r10"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335880","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of the Central South University","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336925","display_name":"Shandong Provincial Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1505562276","https://openalex.org/W2217351630","https://openalex.org/W2517495858","https://openalex.org/W2604605071","https://openalex.org/W2890933473","https://openalex.org/W2921148895","https://openalex.org/W2936721700","https://openalex.org/W2964345771","https://openalex.org/W3016427599","https://openalex.org/W3063535368","https://openalex.org/W3091957253","https://openalex.org/W3106661040","https://openalex.org/W3175835023","https://openalex.org/W3179657405","https://openalex.org/W3182597944","https://openalex.org/W3196510270","https://openalex.org/W3212545822","https://openalex.org/W4205341621","https://openalex.org/W4206219935","https://openalex.org/W4221157816","https://openalex.org/W4283694800","https://openalex.org/W4285255610","https://openalex.org/W4312233343","https://openalex.org/W4312736732","https://openalex.org/W4327767981","https://openalex.org/W4378697497","https://openalex.org/W4385245075","https://openalex.org/W4385453255","https://openalex.org/W4391974556","https://openalex.org/W4396754442","https://openalex.org/W4400481450"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2592894164","https://openalex.org/W2039798909","https://openalex.org/W3009734089","https://openalex.org/W3118170786","https://openalex.org/W2371443163","https://openalex.org/W4319082625","https://openalex.org/W2120114434","https://openalex.org/W3183520589","https://openalex.org/W2103650324","https://openalex.org/W3081944688"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"optical":[1],"reconfigurable":[2],"intelligent":[3],"surface":[4,101],"(ORIS)":[5],"was":[6],"expected":[7],"to":[8,66,130,150,175],"offer":[9],"extra":[10],"secrecy":[11,164],"performance":[12,165],"gain":[13],"in":[14,36,103],"a":[15,45,146],"visible":[16],"light":[17],"communication":[18],"(VLC)":[19],"system.":[20],"However,":[21],"nonlinear":[22,60,138,177,194],"impairments":[23,178],"involved":[24],"degrade":[25],"the":[26,73,77,90,96,100,112,152,161,173,184],"confidential":[27],"signal":[28],"reception":[29],"and":[30,93,98,108,119,126,137,171,179],"have":[31],"not":[32],"been":[33],"fully":[34],"considered":[35],"designing":[37],"physical":[38],"layer":[39],"security":[40],"(PLS).":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43,116,188],"paper,":[44],"novel":[46],"PLS":[47],"approach":[48,149],"is":[49,63],"proposed":[50],"for":[51,190],"an":[52,68],"ORIS-aided":[53],"VLC":[54,192],"system":[55],"with":[56,155,168,193],"consideration":[57],"of":[58,76,84,105,163,187],"practical":[59],"impairments.":[61],"It":[62],"mathematically":[64],"formulated":[65],"be":[67,131],"optimization":[69,121],"problem":[70,122],"that":[71,83],"maximizes":[72],"signal-to-interference-plus-distortion-and-noise":[74],"ratio":[75],"legitimate":[78],"link,":[79],"while":[80],"entirely":[81],"suppressing":[82],"multiple":[85],"eavesdroppers":[86],"by":[87],"jointly":[88],"optimizing":[89],"beamforming,":[91],"jamming":[92],"clipping":[94],"at":[95,111],"transmitters,":[97],"also":[99,144,172],"configuration":[102],"terms":[104],"mirror":[106],"assignments":[107],"rotation":[109],"angles":[110],"ORIS.":[113],"We":[114],"decompose":[115],"mixed":[117],"combinatorial":[118],"non-convex":[120],"into":[123],"three":[124],"sub-problems":[125],"elaborately":[127],"transform":[128],"them":[129],"conventional":[132,169],"convex":[133],"programming,":[134],"quadratic":[135],"programming":[136,139],"problems,":[140],"respectively.":[141],"Moreover,":[142],"we":[143],"develop":[145],"time-efficient":[147],"iterative":[148],"achieve":[151],"suboptimal":[153],"solution":[154],"low-computational":[156],"complexity.":[157],"Simulation":[158],"results":[159],"demonstrate":[160],"improvement":[162],"as":[166],"compared":[167],"schemes,":[170],"robustness":[174],"severe":[176],"spatial":[180],"correlation,":[181],"thereby":[182],"confirming":[183],"beneficial":[185],"insights":[186],"methodology":[189],"secure":[191],"devices.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
