{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411203026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3576095","title":"Adaptive Covert Communications in Time-Varying Environments With Multi-Slot Covertness Constraints","display_name":"Adaptive Covert Communications in Time-Varying Environments With Multi-Slot Covertness Constraints","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411203026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3576095"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3576095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3576095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2031/9d8776f6-b763-4d08-ae41-ad22ba99047b","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005619815","display_name":"Haichuan Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6170-4461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haichuan Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6170-4461","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100429447","display_name":"Wenjing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5224-7142"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101925863","display_name":"Ying Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2487-9921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2487-9921","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044674658","display_name":"Jianping An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6441-9711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianping An","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6441-9711","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyberspace Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016290340","display_name":"Yuguang Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1079-3871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuguang Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong JC STEM Lab of Smart City, Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","Hong Kong JC STEM Lab of Smart City and Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1079-3871","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong JC STEM Lab of Smart City, Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong JC STEM Lab of Smart City and Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06170327,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"12","first_page":"9978","last_page":"9988"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6256429553031921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.4824107885360718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3611797094345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3224242925643921}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6256429553031921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.4824107885360718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3611797094345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3224242925643921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3576095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3576095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/9d8776f6-b763-4d08-ae41-ad22ba99047b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2031/9d8776f6-b763-4d08-ae41-ad22ba99047b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055387","display_name":"CityU Scholars","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ding, H, Wang, W, Ma, Y, An, J & Fang, Y 2025, 'Adaptive Covert Communications in Time-Varying Environments with Multi-Slot Covertness Constraints', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 24, no. 12, pp. 9978-9988. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2025.3576095","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/9d8776f6-b763-4d08-ae41-ad22ba99047b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2031/9d8776f6-b763-4d08-ae41-ad22ba99047b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055387","display_name":"CityU Scholars","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ding, H, Wang, W, Ma, Y, An, J & Fang, Y 2025, 'Adaptive Covert Communications in Time-Varying Environments with Multi-Slot Covertness Constraints', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 24, no. 12, pp. 9978-9988. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2025.3576095","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2291368053","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62201045","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5465040627","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62301052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5832581827","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"92367201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329815","display_name":"Hong Kong Government","ror":"https://ror.org/034179816"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W581334404","https://openalex.org/W1897081267","https://openalex.org/W2000226542","https://openalex.org/W2098346479","https://openalex.org/W2099111195","https://openalex.org/W2295172321","https://openalex.org/W2902426498","https://openalex.org/W2979941112","https://openalex.org/W2982346930","https://openalex.org/W2990547518","https://openalex.org/W3032105180","https://openalex.org/W3124407081","https://openalex.org/W3153132822","https://openalex.org/W3160785387","https://openalex.org/W3212941029","https://openalex.org/W4212848618","https://openalex.org/W4213251304","https://openalex.org/W4226244857","https://openalex.org/W4293812059","https://openalex.org/W4294310832","https://openalex.org/W4312573039","https://openalex.org/W4383903528","https://openalex.org/W4385267612","https://openalex.org/W4392523224","https://openalex.org/W4393405543","https://openalex.org/W4397000744","https://openalex.org/W4402811736","https://openalex.org/W4404627796"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2523525694","https://openalex.org/W2998642566","https://openalex.org/W2392682561","https://openalex.org/W57793151","https://openalex.org/W2804882289","https://openalex.org/W2727423897","https://openalex.org/W2497612952"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Given":[0,109],"the":[1,30,42,53,94,110,113,121,130,137,146,151,161,170],"time-varying":[2,101],"radio":[3,18,54,102],"environments,":[4],"legitimate":[5,65,162],"users":[6,66,163],"need":[7],"to":[8,144,164,169],"conduct":[9],"covert":[10,45,97,186],"communications":[11],"over":[12,70,82],"multiple":[13,71],"time":[14],"slots":[15,72,84],"with":[16,41,73,136],"different":[17,74,117],"propagation":[19,75,172],"conditions,":[20],"while":[21],"a":[22,49,78,105,125,190],"warden":[23],"performs":[24],"joint":[25,79],"signal":[26],"detection":[27],"based":[28],"on":[29],"observations":[31],"collected":[32],"during":[33],"these":[34,83],"slots.":[35],"Unfortunately,":[36],"existing":[37,156],"studies":[38],"mainly":[39],"deal":[40],"design":[43,95,123],"of":[44,89,96,139],"communication":[46,98],"scheme":[47,59,159,182],"within":[48],"single":[50],"slot":[51],"where":[52,129],"environment":[55],"remains":[56],"unchanged.":[57],"These":[58],"might":[60],"suffer":[61],"performance":[62],"degradation":[63],"when":[64],"make":[67],"transmission":[68,114,167,188],"decisions":[69,115,168],"conditions":[76],"and":[77,174],"covertness":[80,107,132,175,192],"constraint":[81,133],"is":[85,134],"imposed.":[86],"In":[87],"view":[88],"this":[90],"challenge,":[91],"we":[92,119],"investigate":[93],"schemes":[99],"in":[100,116],"environments":[103],"under":[104,189],"multi-slot":[106,131,191],"constraint.":[108,193],"coupling":[111],"between":[112],"slots,":[118],"formulate":[120],"schematic":[122],"as":[124],"Markov":[126],"decision":[127],"process":[128],"characterized":[135],"concept":[138],"conditional":[140],"value":[141],"at":[142],"risk":[143],"address":[145],"non-cumulative":[147],"growth":[148],"brought":[149],"by":[150],"unknown":[152],"eavesdropping":[153],"channel.":[154],"Unlike":[155],"works,":[157],"our":[158,181],"allows":[160],"adapt":[165],"their":[166],"current":[171],"condition":[173],"margin.":[176],"Extensive":[177],"simulations":[178],"demonstrate":[179],"that":[180],"can":[183],"facilitate":[184],"efficient":[185],"data":[187]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-12T23:16:27.785689","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}