{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409356525","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3558060","title":"Low-Complexity Beamforming Design for Multi-User MIMO Cognitive Radio Systems","display_name":"Low-Complexity Beamforming Design for Multi-User MIMO Cognitive Radio Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409356525","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3558060"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3558060","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3558060","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083224146","display_name":"Yongquan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0789-7627"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yongquan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0789-7627","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064657549","display_name":"Yuan Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4307-0562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4307-0562","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070632044","display_name":"Lei Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0732-648X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0732-648X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090707691","display_name":"Deyou Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9621-561X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deyou Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9621-561X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100448724","display_name":"Yonghui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-1123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","School of Electrical and Information Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-1123","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083224146"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3062,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80002024,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"8","first_page":"7109","last_page":"7123"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7869477272033691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.7204890847206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6849693059921265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6489531397819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4162932336330414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.35786202549934387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3406081199645996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.33956581354141235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1298864185810089}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7869477272033691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.7204890847206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6849693059921265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6489531397819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4162932336330414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.35786202549934387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3406081199645996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.33956581354141235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1298864185810089}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2025.3558060","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2025.3558060","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2363778636","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101608","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G581280707","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFB2904204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W151604921","https://openalex.org/W1849432157","https://openalex.org/W1968817425","https://openalex.org/W1970830346","https://openalex.org/W1997834106","https://openalex.org/W1998990651","https://openalex.org/W2049791297","https://openalex.org/W2060695112","https://openalex.org/W2087141063","https://openalex.org/W2089093949","https://openalex.org/W2152359249","https://openalex.org/W2168078104","https://openalex.org/W2293707299","https://openalex.org/W2337134536","https://openalex.org/W2508286506","https://openalex.org/W2792882016","https://openalex.org/W2799832972","https://openalex.org/W2903744452","https://openalex.org/W2949436132","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2982286025","https://openalex.org/W2991370079","https://openalex.org/W3021225717","https://openalex.org/W3034448035","https://openalex.org/W3045209834","https://openalex.org/W3080137642","https://openalex.org/W3082063956","https://openalex.org/W3094619726","https://openalex.org/W3176104720","https://openalex.org/W3188476661","https://openalex.org/W3211257091","https://openalex.org/W4223974641","https://openalex.org/W4285122253","https://openalex.org/W4315630010","https://openalex.org/W4322576544","https://openalex.org/W4322576964","https://openalex.org/W4385834250","https://openalex.org/W4392797092"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2559261346","https://openalex.org/W4280609833","https://openalex.org/W2136943174","https://openalex.org/W1973979964","https://openalex.org/W4235820682","https://openalex.org/W185479762","https://openalex.org/W1968709058","https://openalex.org/W2095246866","https://openalex.org/W2107126738","https://openalex.org/W4246064491"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,68,112],"study":[4],"beamforming":[5,56],"design":[6],"for":[7,121,131],"multi-user":[8],"MIMO":[9],"cognitive":[10],"radio":[11],"systems,":[12],"where":[13],"a":[14,76],"secondary":[15,24],"base":[16],"station":[17],"transmits":[18],"multiple":[19,23],"data":[20],"streams":[21],"to":[22,83,151],"users":[25],"while":[26],"imposing":[27],"interference":[28,50],"on":[29,34],"primary":[30],"users.":[31],"We":[32],"focus":[33],"the":[35,43,49,55,63,71,99,114,122,126,132,147],"weighted":[36,100],"sum":[37,44],"rate":[38],"(WSR)":[39],"maximization":[40,73,87],"problem":[41,74,88],"with":[42,75,89,107,135],"power":[45],"constraint":[46,79],"(SPC)":[47],"and":[48,125,140],"constraints":[51],"(ICs)":[52],"by":[53,98],"optimizing":[54],"matrices.":[57],"Firstly,":[58],"through":[59],"an":[60,84],"analysis":[61],"of":[62,146,156],"generalized":[64],"utility":[65],"optimization":[66],"problem,":[67],"prove":[69],"that":[70],"WSR":[72,86],"single":[77],"quadratic":[78],"can":[80,94],"be":[81,95],"simplified":[82],"unconstrained":[85],"adaptive":[90],"covariance":[91],"matrices,":[92],"which":[93],"further":[96],"solved":[97],"minimal":[101],"mean":[102],"square":[103],"error":[104],"(WMMSE)":[105],"method":[106,117],"much":[108],"lower":[109],"complexity.":[110,158],"Then,":[111],"propose":[113],"modified":[115],"subgradient":[116],"(MSM)-reduced":[118],"(R)-WMMSE":[119],"algorithm":[120,130],"general":[123],"scenario":[124,134],"null-space":[127],"projection":[128],"(NSP)-R-WMMSE":[129],"special":[133],"zero":[136],"ICs.":[137],"Finally,":[138],"theoretical":[139],"numerical":[141],"results":[142],"show":[143],"superior":[144],"performances":[145],"proposed":[148],"algorithms":[149],"compared":[150],"benchmark":[152],"schemes":[153],"in":[154],"terms":[155],"computational":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}