{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404627568","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3499875","title":"Beyond Diagonal RIS for Multi-Band Multi-Cell MIMO Networks: A Practical Frequency-Dependent Model and Performance Analysis","display_name":"Beyond Diagonal RIS for Multi-Band Multi-Cell MIMO Networks: A Practical Frequency-Dependent Model and Performance Analysis","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404627568","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3499875"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2024.3499875","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3499875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3499875","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032538223","display_name":"Arthur S. de Sena","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-2697"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Arthur Sousa de Sena","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wireless Communication, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communication, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028985499","display_name":"Mehdi Rasti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2081-0102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehdi Rasti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wireless Communication, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communication, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011675848","display_name":"Nurul Huda Mahmood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1478-2272"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nurul Huda Mahmood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wireless Communication, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communication, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035872239","display_name":"Matti Latva\u2010aho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6261-0969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matti Latva-aho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wireless Communication, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communication, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032538223"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6123,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93623618,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"1","first_page":"749","last_page":"766"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9740999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9714999794960022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6350628733634949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6151914596557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagonal","display_name":"Diagonal","score":0.5782704949378967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3643494248390198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.35301947593688965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3266659080982208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19629636406898499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10537809133529663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.09902089834213257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6350628733634949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6151914596557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130367717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189791","display_name":"Diagonal","level":2,"score":0.5782704949378967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3643494248390198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.35301947593688965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3266659080982208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19629636406898499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10537809133529663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.09902089834213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2024.3499875","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3499875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2024.3499875","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3499875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1824793925","display_name":"6G Flagship - 6G-Enabled Wireless Smart Society & Ecosystem","funder_award_id":"346208","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2597573097","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"357120","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4023490630","display_name":"Resilient Wireless Industrial Networks for the 6G Era (ReWIN-6G)","funder_award_id":"357120","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4621981016","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"346208","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","funder_display_name":"Academy of Finland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321108","display_name":"Academy of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/05k73zm37"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2074889087","https://openalex.org/W2143740026","https://openalex.org/W2154865683","https://openalex.org/W2168617439","https://openalex.org/W2969478734","https://openalex.org/W3017150380","https://openalex.org/W3021173332","https://openalex.org/W3087327441","https://openalex.org/W3146827687","https://openalex.org/W3158772108","https://openalex.org/W3194854077","https://openalex.org/W4221149552","https://openalex.org/W4224078251","https://openalex.org/W4226063050","https://openalex.org/W4248288458","https://openalex.org/W4281570680","https://openalex.org/W4308793491","https://openalex.org/W4312879451","https://openalex.org/W4323065908","https://openalex.org/W4376480618","https://openalex.org/W4380303735","https://openalex.org/W4381198702","https://openalex.org/W4381785823","https://openalex.org/W4381786272","https://openalex.org/W4384112333","https://openalex.org/W4384917129","https://openalex.org/W4385338447","https://openalex.org/W4386362932","https://openalex.org/W4388426750","https://openalex.org/W4388739195","https://openalex.org/W4390939441","https://openalex.org/W4392251770","https://openalex.org/W6600043445","https://openalex.org/W6857385456"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2135584473","https://openalex.org/W2964223869","https://openalex.org/W2792539140","https://openalex.org/W2005808740","https://openalex.org/W2295130398","https://openalex.org/W2064951085","https://openalex.org/W2626141450","https://openalex.org/W2810740133","https://openalex.org/W2064919237","https://openalex.org/W4302055909"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"delves":[2],"into":[3],"the":[4,54,78,82,92,117,122,127,136,139,149,159,167,184,190],"unexplored":[5],"frequency-dependent":[6,18,128],"characteristics":[7],"of":[8,81,91,130,138,170,192],"beyond":[9],"diagonal":[10],"reconfigurable":[11],"intelligent":[12],"surfaces":[13],"(BD-RISs).":[14],"A":[15],"generalized":[16],"practical":[17,45,118],"reflection":[19,83,146],"model":[20],"is":[21],"proposed":[22,140,160],"as":[23],"a":[24,34,67],"fundamental":[25],"framework":[26],"for":[27,97,121,186],"configuring":[28],"fully-connected":[29],"and":[30,76,101,134,196],"group-connected":[31],"RISs":[32,195],"in":[33,165,189],"multi-band":[35],"multi-base":[36],"station":[37],"(BS)":[38],"multiple-input":[39],"multiple-output":[40],"(MIMO)":[41],"network.":[42],"Leveraging":[43],"this":[44],"model,":[46],"multi-objective":[47],"optimization":[48,161],"strategies":[49],"are":[50,95,109],"formulated":[51],"to":[52,61,86,115],"maximize":[53],"received":[55],"power":[56],"at":[57],"multiple":[58],"users":[59],"connected":[60],"different":[62,131],"BSs,":[63],"each":[64],"operating":[65],"under":[66],"distinct":[68],"carrier":[69,176],"frequency.":[70],"By":[71],"relying":[72],"on":[73,183],"matrix":[74],"theory":[75],"exploiting":[77],"symmetric":[79],"structure":[80],"matrices":[84],"inherent":[85],"BD-RISs,":[87],"relaxed":[88,107],"tractable":[89],"versions":[90],"challenging":[93],"problems":[94],"achieved":[96],"scenarios":[98],"with":[99,112],"obstructed":[100],"unobstructed":[102],"direct":[103],"channel":[104],"links.":[105],"The":[106,178],"solutions":[108],"then":[110],"combined":[111],"codebook-based":[113],"approaches":[114,162],"configure":[116],"capacitance":[119],"values":[120],"BD-RISs.":[123],"Simulation":[124],"results":[125,179],"reveal":[126],"behaviors":[129],"RIS":[132],"architectures":[133],"demonstrate":[135],"effectiveness":[137],"schemes.":[141],"Notably,":[142],"BD-RISs":[143,171],"exhibit":[144],"high":[145],"performance":[147],"across":[148,172],"intended":[150],"frequency":[151],"range,":[152],"remarkably":[153],"outperforming":[154],"conventional":[155],"single-connected":[156],"RISs.":[157],"Moreover,":[158],"prove":[163],"effective":[164],"enabling":[166],"targeted":[168],"operation":[169],"one":[173],"or":[174],"more":[175],"frequencies.":[177],"also":[180],"shed":[181],"light":[182],"potential":[185],"harmful":[187],"interference":[188],"absence":[191],"synchronization":[193],"between":[194],"adjacent":[197],"BSs.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
