{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402626719","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3459036","title":"Coordinated Transmit Beamforming for Networked ISAC With Imperfect CSI and Time Synchronization","display_name":"Coordinated Transmit Beamforming for Networked ISAC With Imperfect CSI and Time Synchronization","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402626719","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3459036"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2024.3459036","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3459036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100435420","display_name":"Xiaoyu Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9484-3425"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyu Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9484-3425","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039663772","display_name":"Zhiqing Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-2739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqing Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-2739","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008162410","display_name":"Jie Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4854-8839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science and Engineering (SSE), the Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen), and the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4854-8839","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science and Engineering (SSE), the Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen), and the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059477868","display_name":"Yuan Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3815-1456"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116924","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/02d5ks197","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633","https://openalex.org/I180726961","https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen), and the School of Science and Engineering (SSE), The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Guangdong, China","School of Science and Engineering (SSE), the Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen), and the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3815-1456","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen), and the School of Science and Engineering (SSE), The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science and Engineering (SSE), the Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen), and the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001829510","display_name":"Huici Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-482X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huici Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center of Mobile Network Technologies, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-482X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center of Mobile Network Technologies, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001714538","display_name":"Zhiyong Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5322-222X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyong Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5322-222X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.466,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95737775,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"12","first_page":"18019","last_page":"18035"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8359888792037964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7373602390289307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.6731746792793274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-synchronization","display_name":"Time synchronization","score":0.6599284410476685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5619133710861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imperfect","display_name":"Imperfect","score":0.4980466365814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.42781081795692444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.07295748591423035}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8359888792037964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7373602390289307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.6731746792793274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986737936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058791","display_name":"Time synchronization","level":2,"score":0.6599284410476685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5619133710861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780310539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12547192","display_name":"Imperfect","level":2,"score":0.4980466365814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.42781081795692444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.07295748591423035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2024.3459036","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3459036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4314667527","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271081","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G725920039","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024ZCJH01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8127261590","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFA0711302","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2029966196","https://openalex.org/W2081508482","https://openalex.org/W2101764391","https://openalex.org/W2108807677","https://openalex.org/W2120686080","https://openalex.org/W2120746275","https://openalex.org/W2140960275","https://openalex.org/W2171576754","https://openalex.org/W2508393166","https://openalex.org/W2788350651","https://openalex.org/W3013719647","https://openalex.org/W3024101484","https://openalex.org/W3025288884","https://openalex.org/W3162838359","https://openalex.org/W3171244676","https://openalex.org/W3200820186","https://openalex.org/W3203281536","https://openalex.org/W4205204500","https://openalex.org/W4205381552","https://openalex.org/W4226212088","https://openalex.org/W4289537894","https://openalex.org/W4293370520","https://openalex.org/W4312051213","https://openalex.org/W4315629945","https://openalex.org/W4319999995","https://openalex.org/W4321482224","https://openalex.org/W4327928489","https://openalex.org/W4361801952","https://openalex.org/W4380763437","https://openalex.org/W4385694480","https://openalex.org/W4385848828","https://openalex.org/W4390534132","https://openalex.org/W4391454495","https://openalex.org/W4392153338"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2885105415","https://openalex.org/W4231087120","https://openalex.org/W2166939931","https://openalex.org/W2031096545","https://openalex.org/W2322793796","https://openalex.org/W2548702785","https://openalex.org/W1631301428","https://openalex.org/W2361721963","https://openalex.org/W1566366401","https://openalex.org/W2011874835"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"studies":[2],"a":[3,87,222],"networked":[4,41],"integrated":[5],"sensing":[6,168],"and":[7,26,49,61,74,101,150,161,167,208,225,246],"communication":[8,166],"(ISAC)":[9],"system,":[10,43],"where":[11],"distributed":[12,54,89],"base":[13],"stations":[14],"(BSs)":[15],"implement":[16],"coordinated":[17,187],"transmit":[18,188],"beamforming":[19,189],"to":[20,69,144],"communicate":[21],"with":[22,107,207,245],"their":[23],"respective":[24],"user":[25],"cooperatively":[27],"perform":[28],"multi-static":[29,120],"target":[30,129,199],"sensing.":[31,200],"To":[32,78,112],"fully":[33],"reap":[34],"the":[35,40,70,75,80,97,103,114,122,132,145,158,165,173,180,186,191,195,214,235,252],"performance":[36,256],"gains":[37],"provided":[38],"by":[39,184],"ISAC":[42,255],"accurate":[44],"channel":[45,72,98],"state":[46],"information":[47],"(CSI)":[48],"time":[50],"synchronization":[51],"(TS)":[52],"among":[53],"BSs":[55],"are":[56,64,110,155,219],"crucial.":[57],"However,":[58],"CSI":[59,83,90,108,148],"errors":[60,63,84,109,118,136,149],"TS":[62,117,135,151,210],"inevitable":[65],"in":[66,131,157,254],"practice":[67],"due":[68,143],"imperfect":[71],"training":[73],"inaccurate":[76],"synchronization.":[77],"reveal":[79],"effect":[81,115],"of":[82,116,134,147,182],"on":[85,96,119,172],"communication,":[86],"Gaussian":[88],"error":[91],"model":[92],"is":[93,137,140],"formulated":[94],"based":[95],"estimation":[99],"process,":[100],"accordingly,":[102],"users\u2019":[104],"achievable":[105,159],"rates":[106],"derived.":[111,138],"characterize":[113],"sensing,":[121],"Cram\u00e9r-Rao":[123],"lower":[124],"bound":[125],"(CRLB)":[126],"for":[127,198,212,242],"estimating":[128],"position":[130],"presence":[133],"It":[139],"shown":[141],"that":[142,234],"existence":[146],"errors,":[152,211,249],"additional":[153],"terms":[154],"introduced":[156],"rate":[160],"CRLB":[162,196],"formulas,":[163],"degrading":[164],"performance,":[169],"respectively.":[170,230],"Based":[171],"above":[174],"derivations,":[175],"we":[176,203],"aim":[177],"at":[178,190],"maximizing":[179],"sum-rate":[181],"users":[183],"designing":[185],"BSs,":[192],"while":[193],"guaranteeing":[194],"requirements":[197],"In":[201],"particular,":[202],"consider":[204],"two":[205],"cases":[206,244],"without":[209,247],"which":[213],"corresponding":[215],"non-convex":[216],"optimization":[217,228],"problems":[218],"solved":[220],"via":[221],"penalty-based":[223],"algorithm":[224],"an":[226],"alternating":[227],"algorithm,":[229],"Simulation":[231],"results":[232],"show":[233],"proposed":[236],"algorithms":[237],"significantly":[238],"outperform":[239],"benchmark":[240],"schemes":[241],"both":[243],"CSI/TS":[248],"thus":[250],"validating":[251],"robustness":[253],"optimization.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
