{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401717673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3434963","title":"Joint Beamforming Optimization for Active STAR-RIS-Assisted ISAC Systems","display_name":"Joint Beamforming Optimization for Active STAR-RIS-Assisted ISAC Systems","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401717673","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3434963"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2024.3434963","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3434963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115529169","display_name":"Shuang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5201-0124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5201-0124","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036919829","display_name":"Wanming Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4465-3447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wanming Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4465-3447","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044452711","display_name":"Gangcan Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6622-3977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gangcan Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6622-3977","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076730859","display_name":"Chongwen Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8398-8437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chongwen Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8398-8437","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086926899","display_name":"Zhengyu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6562-8243"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengyu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076986736","display_name":"Xingwang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0907-6517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xingwang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0907-6517","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060020877","display_name":"Chau Yuen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9307-2120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chau Yuen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9307-2120","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":64.4646,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99923777,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"11","first_page":"15888","last_page":"15902"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.7138262987136841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6614606976509094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6397914290428162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.34996718168258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10924255847930908}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.7138262987136841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6614606976509094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6397914290428162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.34996718168258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10924255847930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2024.3434963","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3434963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G282390984","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101499","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G494409627","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101492","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1568307856","https://openalex.org/W2508393166","https://openalex.org/W2788350651","https://openalex.org/W2788428941","https://openalex.org/W3006143078","https://openalex.org/W3021225717","https://openalex.org/W3024101484","https://openalex.org/W3039402952","https://openalex.org/W3096023787","https://openalex.org/W3133505491","https://openalex.org/W3134454378","https://openalex.org/W3135998278","https://openalex.org/W3158743991","https://openalex.org/W3162644779","https://openalex.org/W3185397499","https://openalex.org/W3195036308","https://openalex.org/W3201063899","https://openalex.org/W3205119076","https://openalex.org/W3205217150","https://openalex.org/W3217184862","https://openalex.org/W4226165103","https://openalex.org/W4295832185","https://openalex.org/W4296129197","https://openalex.org/W4298368989","https://openalex.org/W4312330321","https://openalex.org/W4312539316","https://openalex.org/W4312635970","https://openalex.org/W4312830363","https://openalex.org/W4313001863","https://openalex.org/W4313004004","https://openalex.org/W4313037712","https://openalex.org/W4313172227","https://openalex.org/W4315629753","https://openalex.org/W4318907221","https://openalex.org/W4320018439","https://openalex.org/W4321021057","https://openalex.org/W4321482224","https://openalex.org/W4321780112","https://openalex.org/W4322576399","https://openalex.org/W4323346131","https://openalex.org/W4327928524","https://openalex.org/W4328027388","https://openalex.org/W4376607840","https://openalex.org/W4380867998","https://openalex.org/W4381785932","https://openalex.org/W4381785965","https://openalex.org/W4383960513","https://openalex.org/W4386495240","https://openalex.org/W4387088908","https://openalex.org/W4387449280","https://openalex.org/W4387870898","https://openalex.org/W4388069066"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2963170046","https://openalex.org/W2376244802","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2923631784","https://openalex.org/W818226659","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4311414679","https://openalex.org/W4396701345"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,43,150],"investigate":[4],"an":[5,114],"active":[6,66,92,104,185],"simultaneously":[7],"transmitting":[8],"and":[9,18,37,47,65,96,103,139,165,178,188,199,216],"reflecting":[10],"reconfigurable":[11],"intelligent":[12],"surface":[13],"(STAR-RIS)":[14],"assisted":[15],"integrated":[16],"sensing":[17,40],"communications":[19],"(ISAC)":[20],"system,":[21],"where":[22],"the":[23,54,57,63,78,84,91,97,108,122,131,141,157,161,167,174,184,204],"dual-functional":[24],"base":[25],"station":[26],"(DFBS)":[27],"operates":[28],"in":[29],"full-duplex":[30],"(FD)":[31],"mode":[32],"to":[33,76,129,155,212],"provide":[34],"communication":[35,80],"services":[36],"performs":[38],"targets":[39,46],"simultaneously.":[41],"Meanwhile,":[42],"consider":[44],"multiple":[45,48],"users":[49],"scenario":[50],"as":[51,53],"well":[52],"self-interference":[55],"at":[56],"FD":[58],"DFBS.":[59],"Through":[60],"jointly":[61],"optimizing":[62],"DFBS":[64,102,168],"STAR-RIS":[67,93,186],"beamforming":[68,170,190],"under":[69,173],"different":[70],"work":[71],"modes,":[72],"our":[73],"purpose":[74],"is":[75,119,126,144,171],"achieve":[77],"maximum":[79],"sum-rate,":[81],"while":[82],"satisfying":[83],"minimum":[85],"radar":[86,162,175],"signal-to-interference-plus-noise":[87],"ratio":[88],"(SINR)":[89],"constraint,":[90],"hardware":[94],"constraints":[95],"total":[98,179],"power":[99,180],"constraint":[100],"of":[101,160],"STAR-RIS.":[105],"To":[106],"tackle":[107],"complex":[109,196],"non-convex":[110],"optimization":[111,117,201],"problem":[112,133,143],"formulated,":[113],"efficient":[115],"alternating":[116],"algorithm":[118],"proposed.":[120],"Specifically,":[121],"fractional":[123],"programming":[124],"method":[125,154],"first":[127],"leveraged":[128],"turn":[130],"original":[132],"into":[134,146],"a":[135,152],"more":[136],"tractable":[137],"one,":[138],"subsequently":[140],"transformed":[142],"decomposed":[145],"several":[147],"sub-problems.":[148],"Next,":[149],"develop":[151],"derivation":[153],"obtain":[156],"closed-form":[158],"expression":[159],"receiving":[163],"beamforming,":[164],"then":[166],"transmit":[169],"optimized":[172,192],"SINR":[176],"requirement":[177],"constraints.":[181],"After":[182],"that,":[183],"reflection":[187],"transmission":[189],"are":[191,207],"by":[193],"majorization":[194],"minimization,":[195],"circle":[197],"manifold":[198],"convex":[200],"techniques.":[202],"Finally,":[203],"proposed":[205],"schemes":[206],"conducted":[208],"through":[209],"numerical":[210],"simulations":[211],"show":[213],"their":[214],"benefits":[215],"efficiency.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}