{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4395680656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3391663","title":"Active RIS in Digital Twin-Based URLLC IoT Networks: Fully-Connected Versus Sub-Connected?","display_name":"Active RIS in Digital Twin-Based URLLC IoT Networks: Fully-Connected Versus Sub-Connected?","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4395680656","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3391663"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2024.3391663","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3391663","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031878024","display_name":"Sravani Kurma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3819-2082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142974352","display_name":"National Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mjawt10","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sravani Kurma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3819-2082","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103277504","display_name":"Tri Ayu Lestari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3062-7178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142974352","display_name":"National Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mjawt10","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tri Ayu Lestari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071647281","display_name":"Keshav Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9028-4518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142974352","display_name":"National Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mjawt10","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keshav Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9028-4518","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066894433","display_name":"Anal Paul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7257-3073"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142974352","display_name":"National Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mjawt10","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anal Paul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7257-3073","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142974352"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056209905","display_name":"Shahid Mumtaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6364-6149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119004910","display_name":"Silesian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02dyjk442","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xyxjd90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}],"countries":["GB","PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahid Mumtaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland","Department of Applied Informatics, Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 16, Gliwice, Poland","Department of Computer Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6364-6149","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Informatics, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Informatics, Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 16, Gliwice, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119004910"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6334,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82869845,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"9","first_page":"12354","last_page":"12367"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10207","display_name":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7063484787940979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.526687741279602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.45078858733177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3477672338485718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.17078211903572083}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7063484787940979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.526687741279602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.45078858733177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3477672338485718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.17078211903572083}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2024.3391663","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2024.3391663","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irep.ntu.ac.uk:51369","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400559","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University's Institutional Repository (Nottingham Trent Repository)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","host_organization_name":"Nottingham Trent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2626444157","https://openalex.org/W2897214019","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2962737505","https://openalex.org/W2963250023","https://openalex.org/W2964577239","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W3020513938","https://openalex.org/W3020930038","https://openalex.org/W3033821423","https://openalex.org/W3041653465","https://openalex.org/W3045524289","https://openalex.org/W3090167083","https://openalex.org/W3129486236","https://openalex.org/W3137570378","https://openalex.org/W3158131132","https://openalex.org/W3159402647","https://openalex.org/W3163246710","https://openalex.org/W3182447881","https://openalex.org/W3197488186","https://openalex.org/W3200083976","https://openalex.org/W3205135478","https://openalex.org/W3208781006","https://openalex.org/W4205439215","https://openalex.org/W4205615831","https://openalex.org/W4210698675","https://openalex.org/W4214816089","https://openalex.org/W4280645203","https://openalex.org/W4285163384","https://openalex.org/W4285237823","https://openalex.org/W4294811347","https://openalex.org/W4294891500","https://openalex.org/W4295298207","https://openalex.org/W4295308573","https://openalex.org/W4309400127","https://openalex.org/W4313001863","https://openalex.org/W4313121243","https://openalex.org/W4313443425","https://openalex.org/W4318586083","https://openalex.org/W4361757286","https://openalex.org/W4385731839","https://openalex.org/W4386248976"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4245926026","https://openalex.org/W4311097251","https://openalex.org/W2586548817","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2625093826","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,67,126],"substantial":[1],"power":[2,216,235],"consumption":[3],"attributed":[4],"to":[5,59,74,85],"the":[6,18,40,91,108,130,167,171,179,188,211,232],"active":[7,37,95,152,197],"components":[8],"within":[9,39],"fully-connected":[10],"reconfigurable":[11],"intelligent":[12],"surface":[13],"(RIS)":[14],"architecture":[15,35],"significantly":[16],"hinders":[17],"efficiency":[19],"and":[20,62,141,147,150,156,231],"sustainability":[21],"of":[22,50,70,93,166,170,190,213,228,234],"DT-enabled":[23],"MEC":[24],"networks.":[25],"To":[26],"tackle":[27],"this":[28],"challenge,":[29],"we":[30],"present":[31],"an":[32,51,94,99,120],"innovative":[33],"sub-connected":[34,196],"for":[36],"RIS":[38,153,198,214],"digital":[41],"twin":[42],"(DT)":[43],"integrated":[44],"mobile":[45],"edge":[46,57,221],"computing":[47,222],"(MEC)":[48],"framework":[49],"Internet-of-Things":[52],"(IoT)":[53],"networks,":[54],"capitalizing":[55],"on":[56],"intelligence":[58],"enhance":[60],"ultra-reliable":[61],"low-latency":[63],"communication":[64,146],"(URLLC)":[65],"services.":[66],"primary":[68],"aim":[69],"our":[71,191],"research":[72],"is":[73,116],"improve":[75],"uplink":[76],"data":[77],"transmission":[78],"from":[79],"IoT":[80,229],"URLLC":[81],"user":[82],"nodes":[83],"(UNs)":[84],"a":[86,163],"base":[87],"station":[88],"(BS)":[89],"with":[90],"aid":[92],"RIS,":[96],"even":[97],"under":[98],"imperfect":[100,219],"channel":[101],"state":[102],"information":[103],"(CSI).":[104],"We":[105,161],"have":[106],"formulated":[107],"total":[109],"end-to-end":[110],"(e2e)":[111],"latency":[112],"minimization":[113],"problem,":[114],"which":[115],"solved":[117],"by":[118],"using":[119],"efficient":[121],"alternating":[122],"optimization":[123],"(AO)":[124],"algorithm.":[125,182],"algorithm":[127],"breaks":[128],"down":[129],"proposed":[131,172,192],"non-convex":[132],"problem":[133],"into":[134,205],"five":[135],"subproblems,":[136],"namely,":[137],"beamforming":[138],"design,":[139],"caching":[140],"offloading":[142],"policy":[143],"optimization,":[144,149],"joint":[145,151],"computation":[148],"phase":[154,195],"shift":[155],"amplification":[157],"factor":[158],"vector":[159],"optimization.":[160],"conducted":[162],"thorough":[164],"analysis":[165],"convergence":[168],"properties":[169],"AO":[173],"algorithm,":[174],"benchmarking":[175],"its":[176],"performance":[177],"against":[178],"established":[180],"Heuristic":[181],"Our":[183],"simulation":[184],"results":[185],"consistently":[186],"demonstrate":[187],"superiority":[189],"DT-assisted":[193],"optimal":[194],"scheme":[199],"over":[200],"various":[201,207],"benchmark":[202],"schemes,":[203],"taking":[204],"account":[206],"factors":[208],"such":[209],"as":[210],"number":[212,227,233],"elements,":[215],"budget":[217],"constraints,":[218],"CSI,":[220],"server":[223],"(ECS)":[224],"cache":[225],"capacity,":[226],"UNs,":[230],"amplifiers.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-27T08:26:11.824852","created_date":"2024-04-27T00:00:00"}
