{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390774538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3348591","title":"On Secrecy Performance of RIS-Assisted MISO Systems Over Rician Channels With Spatially Random Eavesdroppers","display_name":"On Secrecy Performance of RIS-Assisted MISO Systems Over Rician Channels With Spatially Random Eavesdroppers","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390774538","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3348591"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3348591","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3348591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042796718","display_name":"Wei Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9209-4777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040590707","display_name":"Jindan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4090-6478"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jindan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013867024","display_name":"Wei Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9341-8382"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060020877","display_name":"Chau Yuen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9307-2120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chau Yuen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027055000","display_name":"A. Lee Swindlehurst","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0521-3107"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Lee Swindlehurst","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","Henry Samueli School of Engineering, Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Henry Samueli School of Engineering, Center for Pervasive Communications and Computing, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036568860","display_name":"Chunming Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2624-7322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunming Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042796718"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350","https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.8994,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99068376,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"8","first_page":"8357","last_page":"8371"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9559000134468079,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9323999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-noise","display_name":"Artificial noise","score":0.6368803977966309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rician-fading","display_name":"Rician fading","score":0.6345167756080627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6096162796020508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5805248618125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.5501672029495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.5485268235206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.48762598633766174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poisson-point-process","display_name":"Poisson point process","score":0.4820045530796051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.45681440830230713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.37375661730766296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2828049063682556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poisson-distribution","display_name":"Poisson distribution","score":0.2611544132232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1612219214439392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.1446431279182434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.12543922662734985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.09854668378829956}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780909371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4801092","display_name":"Artificial noise","level":4,"score":0.6368803977966309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60472773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7331156","display_name":"Rician fading","level":4,"score":0.6345167756080627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6096162796020508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5805248618125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.5501672029495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.5485268235206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.48762598633766174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16757284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145117","display_name":"Poisson point process","level":3,"score":0.4820045530796051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.45681440830230713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.37375661730766296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2828049063682556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100906024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205692","display_name":"Poisson distribution","level":2,"score":0.2611544132232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1612219214439392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.1446431279182434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.12543922662734985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.09854668378829956}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3348591","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3348591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2378274054","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EECS-2030029","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4467389623","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2242023K5003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8320711427","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-2107182","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972485395","https://openalex.org/W2081450055","https://openalex.org/W2150166076","https://openalex.org/W2166389905","https://openalex.org/W2566155463","https://openalex.org/W2576157399","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2950680381","https://openalex.org/W2981792785","https://openalex.org/W2989566004","https://openalex.org/W2991165022","https://openalex.org/W3000577820","https://openalex.org/W3005112765","https://openalex.org/W3021024154","https://openalex.org/W3038342299","https://openalex.org/W3039402952","https://openalex.org/W3039790476","https://openalex.org/W3040433108","https://openalex.org/W3040918692","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3089065083","https://openalex.org/W3111012323","https://openalex.org/W3134105517","https://openalex.org/W3134746776","https://openalex.org/W3136114665","https://openalex.org/W3168061659","https://openalex.org/W3199036959","https://openalex.org/W3199075159","https://openalex.org/W3199166544","https://openalex.org/W4206632990","https://openalex.org/W4213251304","https://openalex.org/W4226309382","https://openalex.org/W4229452920","https://openalex.org/W4235244696","https://openalex.org/W4285283263","https://openalex.org/W4287889347","https://openalex.org/W4292387439","https://openalex.org/W4300223101","https://openalex.org/W4301041089","https://openalex.org/W4310501683","https://openalex.org/W4313054927","https://openalex.org/W4317794926","https://openalex.org/W4321490517","https://openalex.org/W4376604713","https://openalex.org/W4377079822","https://openalex.org/W4382618630","https://openalex.org/W4384080786","https://openalex.org/W4385975609","https://openalex.org/W4393028191"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2146680430","https://openalex.org/W2100999214","https://openalex.org/W1973317750","https://openalex.org/W2951619176","https://openalex.org/W1747611275","https://openalex.org/W1871594675","https://openalex.org/W2952796263","https://openalex.org/W87902424","https://openalex.org/W2964153935","https://openalex.org/W1985655499"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reconfigurable":[0],"intelligent":[1],"surface":[2],"(RIS)":[3],"technology":[4],"is":[5,104,128,134,164,192,200],"emerging":[6],"as":[7,106],"a":[8,68],"promising":[9],"technique":[10],"for":[11,14,78,96],"performance":[12,133,223],"enhancement":[13],"next-generation":[15],"wireless":[16],"networks.":[17],"This":[18],"paper":[19],"investigates":[20],"the":[21,32,54,59,63,79,85,100,118,123,131,138,149,152,161,169,172,179,183,189,204,220,242],"physical":[22],"layer":[23],"security":[24],"of":[25,34,53,122,140,151,154,171,206,244],"an":[26,216],"RIS-assisted":[27],"multiple-antenna":[28],"communication":[29],"system":[30,97],"in":[31],"presence":[33],"random":[35],"spatially":[36],"distributed":[37],"eavesdroppers.":[38],"The":[39],"RIS-to-ground":[40,124],"channels":[41],"are":[42,73,90,176,238],"assumed":[43],"to":[44,67,92,182,188,194,240],"experience":[45],"Rician":[46],"fading.":[47],"Using":[48],"stochastic":[49],"geometry,":[50],"exact":[51],"distributions":[52],"received":[55],"signal-to-noise-ratios":[56],"(SNRs)":[57],"at":[58,160],"legitimate":[60,184],"user":[61,185],"and":[62,75,84,148,157],"eavesdroppers":[64,175],"located":[65,174,208],"according":[66],"Poisson":[69],"point":[70],"process":[71],"(PPP)":[72],"derived,":[74],"closed-form":[76],"expressions":[77],"secrecy":[80,87,101,132],"outage":[81],"probability":[82],"(SOP)":[83],"ergodic":[86],"capacity":[88],"(ESC)":[89],"obtained":[91,105],"provide":[93],"insightful":[94],"guidelines":[95],"design.":[98],"First,":[99],"diversity":[102],"order":[103],"2/\u03b1":[107],"<sub":[108,114,211,227,231],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[109,115,145,212,228,232],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sub>":[110,116,229],",":[111,147,214],"where":[112],"\u03b1":[113],"denotes":[117],"path":[119],"loss":[120],"exponent":[121],"links.":[125],"Then,":[126],"it":[127,199],"revealed":[129],"that":[130,203],"mainly":[135],"affected":[136],"by":[137,225],"number":[139,153],"RIS":[141,180],"reflecting":[142],"elements,":[143],"<italic":[144],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">N</i>":[146],"impact":[150],"transmit":[155,158],"antennas":[156],"power":[159],"base":[162,190],"station":[163,191],"marginal.":[165],"In":[166],"addition,":[167],"when":[168],"locations":[170],"randomly":[173,207],"unknown,":[177],"deploying":[178],"closer":[181],"rather":[186],"than":[187],"shown":[193],"be":[195],"more":[196],"efficient.":[197],"Moreover,":[198],"also":[201],"found":[202],"density":[205],"eavesdroppers,":[209],"\u03bb":[210],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">e</sub>":[213,233],"has":[215],"additive":[217],"effect":[218],"on":[219],"asymptotic":[221],"ESC":[222],"given":[224],"log":[226],"(1/\u03bb":[230],").":[234],"Finally,":[235],"numerical":[236],"simulations":[237],"conducted":[239],"verify":[241],"accuracy":[243],"these":[245],"theoretical":[246],"observations.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
