{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390806957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3348520","title":"Polarized Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided 2D-DOA Estimation for NLoS Sources","display_name":"Polarized Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided 2D-DOA Estimation for NLoS Sources","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390806957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3348520"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3348520","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3348520","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025764540","display_name":"Fangqing Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6527-4326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161350542","display_name":"China Three Gorges University","ror":"https://ror.org/0419nfc77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126203","display_name":"Hubei University of Automotive Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/039m95m06","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126203"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fangqing Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer and Information Technology and the Hubei Province Engineering Technology Research Center for Construction Quality Testing Equipments, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China","Institute of Vehicle Information Control and Network Technology, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information Technology and the Hubei Province Engineering Technology Research Center for Construction Quality Testing Equipments, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161350542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Vehicle Information Control and Network Technology, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126203"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100452654","display_name":"Han Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7347-3763"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200946902","display_name":"Yichun University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h4th693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200946902"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["CN","MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Physical Sciences and Engineering Technology, Yichun University, Yichun, China","Faculty of Data Science, City University of Macau, Macao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Physical Sciences and Engineering Technology, Yichun University, Yichun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200946902"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Data Science, City University of Macau, Macao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027367677","display_name":"Guan Gui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-2881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guan Gui","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087599025","display_name":"Hikmet Sari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8114-6164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hikmet Sari","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011281064","display_name":"Fumiyuki Adachi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5416-0718"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201537933","display_name":"Tohoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/01dq60k83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fumiyuki Adachi","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201537933"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025764540"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161350542","https://openalex.org/I4210126203"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.4314,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98551709,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"7","first_page":"8085","last_page":"8098"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-line-of-sight-propagation","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","score":0.9436070322990417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.770964503288269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.6459024548530579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6083702445030212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5955444574356079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.49805426597595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.47667980194091797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direction-of-arrival","display_name":"Direction of arrival","score":0.4439535439014435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.39584988355636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3533284068107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.28755131363868713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.11447185277938843}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154910267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740982","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","level":3,"score":0.9436070322990417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.770964503288269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.6459024548530579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6083702445030212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5955444574356079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.49805426597595215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.47667980194091797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172051844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5280438","display_name":"Direction of arrival","level":3,"score":0.4439535439014435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.39584988355636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3533284068107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.28755131363868713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.11447185277938843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3348520","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3348520","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1266585924","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023AFB019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322186","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2113292069","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62271286","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2795549115","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022CFB752","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322186","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5141671808","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20224BAB202005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322665","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5500316602","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022CFB786","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322186","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8128436899","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62371271","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322186","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322665","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2172272784","https://openalex.org/W2003817535","https://openalex.org/W4307436769","https://openalex.org/W4323793210","https://openalex.org/W2366306259","https://openalex.org/W3101720559","https://openalex.org/W2143447014","https://openalex.org/W2218045119","https://openalex.org/W2913823013","https://openalex.org/W4385731880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Intelligent":[0],"Reflecting":[1],"Surface":[2],"(IRS)":[3],"represents":[4],"a":[5,31,65],"significant":[6],"breakthrough":[7],"in":[8,42,69],"wireless":[9,15,45],"communications,":[10],"allowing":[11],"the":[12,22,27,49,98,124],"reconstruction":[13],"of":[14,30,123],"channels":[16],"even":[17],"for":[18,93,100,116],"occluded":[19],"users":[20],"to":[21,56,132],"base":[23],"station":[24],"(BS).":[25],"Estimating":[26],"Direction-of-Arrival":[28],"(DOA)":[29],"source":[32],"oriented":[33],"toward":[34],"Non-Line-of-Sight":[35],"(NLOS)":[36],"propagation":[37],"is":[38,91],"an":[39,43],"intriguing":[40],"topic":[41],"IRS-aided":[44],"communication":[46],"scenario.":[47],"However,":[48],"existing":[50],"optimization-based":[51],"approaches":[52],"are":[53,75],"overly":[54],"complex":[55],"be":[57],"practically":[58],"implemented.":[59],"In":[60],"this":[61],"paper,":[62],"we":[63],"propose":[64],"polarized":[66],"IRS":[67,72],"architecture,":[68],"which":[70,96],"both":[71],"and":[73],"BS":[74],"equipped":[76],"with":[77],"arbitrarily":[78],"placed":[79],"Electromagnetic":[80],"Vector":[81],"Sensor":[82],"(EMVS)":[83],"arrays.":[84],"A":[85],"Normalized":[86],"Vector-Cross":[87],"Product":[88],"(NVCP)":[89],"estimator":[90],"developed":[92],"DOA":[94,114],"estimation,":[95],"avoids":[97],"need":[99],"complicated":[101],"data":[102],"recovery":[103],"or":[104],"exhaustive":[105],"grid":[106],"search.":[107],"The":[108],"proposed":[109],"framework":[110],"enables":[111],"Two-Dimensional":[112],"(2D)":[113],"estimation":[115],"NLOS":[117],"signals":[118],"without":[119],"requiring":[120],"prior":[121],"knowledge":[122],"BS-IRS":[125],"channel.":[126],"Numerical":[127],"simulations":[128],"have":[129],"been":[130],"conducted":[131],"verify":[133],"its":[134],"effectiveness.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T14:29:43.386196","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}