{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390660437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3348438","title":"On Chernoff Lower-Bound of Outage Threshold for Non-Central \u03c7\u00b2-Distributed Beamforming Gain in URLLC Systems","display_name":"On Chernoff Lower-Bound of Outage Threshold for Non-Central \u03c7\u00b2-Distributed Beamforming Gain in URLLC Systems","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390660437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3348438"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3348438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3348438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101437948","display_name":"Jinfei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8149-971X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinfei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["5GIC&#x0026;6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","5GIC and 6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8149-971X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"5GIC&#x0026;6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"5GIC and 6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063447722","display_name":"Yi Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6715-4309"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["5GIC&#x0026;6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","5GIC and 6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6715-4309","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"5GIC&#x0026;6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"5GIC and 6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032549075","display_name":"Rahim Tafazolli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-8639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahim Tafazolli","raw_affiliation_strings":["5GIC&#x0026;6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","5GIC and 6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-8639","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"5GIC&#x0026;6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"5GIC and 6GIC, Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070930704","display_name":"Zhibo Pang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7474-4294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhibo Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation Technology, ABB Corporate Research Sweden, V&#x00E4;ster&#x00E5;s, Sweden","Department of Intelligent Systems, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7474-4294","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation Technology, ABB Corporate Research Sweden, V&#x00E4;ster&#x00E5;s, Sweden","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Systems, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1244,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.34188721,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"8","first_page":"8330","last_page":"8344"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7620251178741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chernoff-bound","display_name":"Chernoff bound","score":0.7082184553146362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.6072545051574707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5324500799179077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5188961625099182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cumulative-distribution-function","display_name":"Cumulative distribution function","score":0.4681060016155243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-variable","display_name":"Random variable","score":0.4270588159561157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.42696359753608704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4010785222053528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3946843445301056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.32530829310417175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2877933979034424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-density-function","display_name":"Probability density function","score":0.25821653008461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.23629727959632874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.23420852422714233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.09658095240592957}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7620251178741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14539891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070305","display_name":"Chernoff bound","level":2,"score":0.7082184553146362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.6072545051574707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5324500799179077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5188961625099182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103784038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386228","display_name":"Cumulative distribution function","level":3,"score":0.4681060016155243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122123141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176623","display_name":"Random variable","level":2,"score":0.4270588159561157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.42696359753608704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4010785222053528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3946843445301056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.32530829310417175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2877933979034424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.25821653008461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.23629727959632874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.23420852422714233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.09658095240592957}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3348438","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3348438","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8796176990","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/W016540/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976109068","https://openalex.org/W1991567646","https://openalex.org/W2095796369","https://openalex.org/W2105147296","https://openalex.org/W2113768773","https://openalex.org/W2119678451","https://openalex.org/W2127608831","https://openalex.org/W2128229871","https://openalex.org/W2137470092","https://openalex.org/W2143927285","https://openalex.org/W2146761479","https://openalex.org/W2167446868","https://openalex.org/W2168467796","https://openalex.org/W2488835783","https://openalex.org/W2547140262","https://openalex.org/W2611265312","https://openalex.org/W2776794349","https://openalex.org/W2802520108","https://openalex.org/W2919612215","https://openalex.org/W2942228371","https://openalex.org/W2946926534","https://openalex.org/W2963250023","https://openalex.org/W2963340840","https://openalex.org/W2964197966","https://openalex.org/W2966745103","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W3016347440","https://openalex.org/W3022663626","https://openalex.org/W3033291036","https://openalex.org/W3035307322","https://openalex.org/W3036046282","https://openalex.org/W3043981101","https://openalex.org/W3054393695","https://openalex.org/W3159402647","https://openalex.org/W3190430387","https://openalex.org/W3194357422","https://openalex.org/W3194492110","https://openalex.org/W3197228627","https://openalex.org/W3208781006","https://openalex.org/W4220874105","https://openalex.org/W4245577611","https://openalex.org/W4245756213","https://openalex.org/W4246075436","https://openalex.org/W4285132575","https://openalex.org/W4312696320","https://openalex.org/W4312752387","https://openalex.org/W4387918056","https://openalex.org/W4392152541"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2724724053","https://openalex.org/W2566241227","https://openalex.org/W4390605261","https://openalex.org/W2096321176","https://openalex.org/W4382601967","https://openalex.org/W1938217105","https://openalex.org/W2781120465","https://openalex.org/W3126338269","https://openalex.org/W2010182397","https://openalex.org/W2481324611"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,105],"cumulative":[1],"distribution":[2],"function":[3],"(CDF)":[4],"of":[5,20,52,85,98,100,146],"a":[6],"non-central$\\chi":[7,102],"^{2}$-distributed":[8,103],"random":[9],"variable":[10],"(RV)":[11],"is":[12,29,58,70,78,107,136,150],"often":[13],"used":[14],"when":[15],"measuring":[16],"the":[17,36,53,61,65,71,86,91,101,112,140,143,147,160],"outage":[18,37,43,54],"probability":[19],"communication":[21,26],"systems.":[22,134],"For":[23],"ultra-reliable":[24],"low-latency":[25],"(URLLC),":[27],"it":[28,57],"important":[30],"but":[31],"mathematically":[32],"challenging":[33],"to":[34,48,90,110],"determine":[35],"threshold":[38],"for":[39,117,154],"an":[40],"extremely":[41],"small":[42],"target.":[44],"This":[45,76],"motivates":[46],"us":[47],"investigate":[49],"lower":[50,74],"bounds":[51],"threshold,":[55],"and":[56,96,129],"found":[59],"that":[60],"one":[62],"derived":[63],"from":[64],"Chernoff":[66],"inequality":[67],"(named":[68],"Cher-LB)":[69],"most":[72],"effective":[73],"bound.":[75],"finding":[77],"associated":[79],"with":[80,88,139],"three":[81],"rigorously":[82],"established":[83],"properties":[84],"Cher-LB":[87,106],"respect":[89],"mean,":[92],"variance,":[93],"reliability":[94,156],"requirement,":[95],"degrees":[97],"freedom":[99],"RV.":[104],"then":[108],"employed":[109],"predict":[111],"beamforming":[113,148],"gain":[114,149],"in":[115],"URLLC":[116],"both":[118],"conventional":[119],"multi-antenna":[120],"systems":[121],"(i.e.,":[122],"MIMO)":[123],"under":[124],"first-order":[125],"Markov":[126],"time-varying":[127],"channel":[128],"reconfigurable":[130],"intellgent":[131],"surface":[132],"(RIS)":[133],"It":[135],"exhibited":[137],"that,":[138],"proposed":[141],"Cher-LB,":[142],"pessimistic":[144],"prediction":[145],"made":[151],"sufficiently":[152],"accurate":[153],"guaranteed":[155],"as":[157,159],"well":[158],"transmit-energy":[161],"efficiency.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2024-01-13T00:00:00"}
