{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390576688","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3347670","title":"Index-Modulation-Aided Terahertz Communications With Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface","display_name":"Index-Modulation-Aided Terahertz Communications With Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390576688","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3347670"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3347670","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3347670","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027818347","display_name":"Tianqi Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4700-9419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tianqi Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045788834","display_name":"Zhengyi Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0285-4638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengyi Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Huawei Digital Technologies Company Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Huawei Digital Technologies Company Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054957139","display_name":"Zhenyu Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4884-542X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyu Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048916368","display_name":"Chong Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9638-4736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chong Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["UM-SJTU Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UM-SJTU Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102023049","display_name":"Zhaocheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6150-3846"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114105","display_name":"Tsinghua\u2013Berkeley Shenzhen Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02hhwwz98","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114105","https://openalex.org/I95457486","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaocheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114105"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027818347"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0105,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95750929,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"7","first_page":"8059","last_page":"8070"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9736999869346619,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10245","display_name":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","score":0.9714000225067139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.7963860630989075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7676927447319031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6299782395362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5156434774398804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terahertz-radiation","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","score":0.5109485983848572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.464147686958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4363476037979126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.43475937843322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.367471307516098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.21044591069221497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.18195432424545288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16315653920173645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.13954058289527893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.11934664845466614}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.7963860630989075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7676927447319031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6299782395362854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5156434774398804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107816215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647887","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","level":2,"score":0.5109485983848572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.464147686958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4363476037979126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.43475937843322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.367471307516098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.21044591069221497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.18195432424545288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16315653920173645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.13954058289527893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.11934664845466614}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3347670","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3347670","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2820520806","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5977716347","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22A2007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6746202691","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022M720361","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8047082324","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22B2057","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8853570712","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023T160040","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2109005286","https://openalex.org/W2147251178","https://openalex.org/W2161473225","https://openalex.org/W2540924152","https://openalex.org/W2621135414","https://openalex.org/W2784189352","https://openalex.org/W2883182640","https://openalex.org/W2888193214","https://openalex.org/W2901268226","https://openalex.org/W2902271053","https://openalex.org/W2908827479","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2953984813","https://openalex.org/W2955897898","https://openalex.org/W2963355537","https://openalex.org/W2964103109","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W2995330189","https://openalex.org/W2995554704","https://openalex.org/W2998872355","https://openalex.org/W3005347223","https://openalex.org/W3006557588","https://openalex.org/W3035702742","https://openalex.org/W3035754542","https://openalex.org/W3059813204","https://openalex.org/W3096023787","https://openalex.org/W3099679786","https://openalex.org/W3099769502","https://openalex.org/W3100544904","https://openalex.org/W3126934368","https://openalex.org/W3144244478","https://openalex.org/W3155699390","https://openalex.org/W3155714844","https://openalex.org/W3194891886","https://openalex.org/W4256217385","https://openalex.org/W4285202965","https://openalex.org/W4294982881","https://openalex.org/W4308755142","https://openalex.org/W6779509776"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033952283","https://openalex.org/W1996543123","https://openalex.org/W4388516297","https://openalex.org/W2762687161","https://openalex.org/W2010761432","https://openalex.org/W2353254830","https://openalex.org/W2351210568","https://openalex.org/W2059045613","https://openalex.org/W2348189462","https://openalex.org/W2355105799"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reconfigurable":[0],"intelligent":[1],"surface":[2],"(RIS)":[3],"has":[4],"drawn":[5],"extensive":[6],"attentions":[7],"as":[8,112,125,152],"a":[9,41,48,61,69,89,180,228],"promising":[10],"alternative":[11],"for":[12,96,196],"classical":[13,144,284],"phased-array":[14],"antennas":[15],"at":[16,32,137,166],"the":[17,105,109,115,118,134,163,167,185,193,203,210,219,232,240,256,260,276],"massive":[18],"multiple-input":[19],"multiple-output":[20],"(MIMO)":[21],"transmitter,":[22,168],"leading":[23],"to":[24,121,151,247],"cost-effective":[25],"data":[26,224],"transmission":[27],"that":[28,192],"is":[29,54,65,199,236,263],"especially":[30],"desirable":[31],"terahertz":[33],"(THz)":[34],"frequencies.":[35],"In":[36,226],"this":[37],"article,":[38],"we":[39,87,178],"consider":[40],"multi-user":[42],"MIMO":[43],"(MU-MIMO)":[44],"system":[45],"equipped":[46],"with":[47],"RIS-assisted":[49],"transmitter:":[50],"A":[51],"RIS":[52],"array":[53],"illuminated":[55],"by":[56,99,133,162,202],"unmodulated":[57],"THz":[58,97],"carriers":[59],"through":[60,265],"feeding":[62],"antenna,":[63],"which":[64,190,243],"equally":[66],"divided":[67],"into":[68],"number":[70,249],"of":[71,108,117,205,218,231,250,259,278],"subarrays":[72],"(SAs).":[73],"Each":[74],"activated":[75],"SA":[76,126],"serves":[77],"one":[78],"unique":[79],"user":[80],"equipment":[81],"(UE)":[82],"via":[83],"directional":[84],"beams.":[85],"Then":[86],"develop":[88],"spectrum-":[90,174],"and":[91,175,187,252,272],"energy-":[92],"efficient":[93],"MU-MIMO":[94],"scheme":[95],"communications":[98],"performing":[100],"index":[101,188,194,204,220,253],"modulation":[102],"(IM)":[103],"on":[104,173,239],"array-of-SA":[106],"structure":[107],"RIS,":[110],"abbreviated":[111],"RIS-SA-IM.":[113],"Specifically,":[114],"indices":[116],"RIS-SAs":[119],"allocated":[120,207],"different":[122],"UEs,":[123],"defined":[124],"allocation":[127],"pattern":[128],"(SAPs),":[129],"are":[130],"flexibly":[131],"controlled":[132],"information":[135,195],"bits":[136,149,221],"each":[138,197],"symbol":[139],"period.":[140],"Hence,":[141,209],"aside":[142],"from":[143],"amplitude/phase":[145],"modulation,":[146],"additional":[147],"energy-free":[148],"(referred":[150],"<italic":[153],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[154],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">index":[155],"bits</i>":[156],")":[157],"can":[158,214,244],"be":[159,245],"conveyed":[160],"implicitly":[161],"chosen":[164],"SAP":[165],"thus":[169],"attaining":[170],"superior":[171],"enhancement":[172],"energy-efficiencies.":[176],"Furthermore,":[177],"design":[179],"distributed":[181,233],"mapping":[182,212,234],"rule":[183,213,235],"between":[184],"SAPs":[186],"bits,":[189],"guarantees":[191],"UE":[198],"exclusively":[200],"determined":[201],"its":[206,283],"RIS-SA.":[208],"proposed":[211,261,280],"enable":[215],"localized":[216],"demodulation":[217],"without":[222],"inter-UE":[223],"exchange.":[225],"particular,":[227],"general":[229],"form":[230],"provided":[237],"based":[238],"binary-tree":[241],"structure,":[242],"extended":[246],"arbitrary":[248],"UEs":[251],"bits.":[254],"Additionally,":[255],"error":[257,267],"performance":[258],"RIS-SA-IM":[262,281],"evaluated":[264],"pairwise":[266],"probability":[268],"(PEP)":[269],"calculations.":[270],"Theoretical":[271],"simulation":[273],"results":[274],"demonstrate":[275],"superiority":[277],"our":[279],"over":[282],"non-IM-aided":[285],"counterpart.":[286]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}