{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388692085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3331104","title":"Multistatic Localization Aided by a Calibration Object in the Absence of Synchronization and Transmitter Position","display_name":"Multistatic Localization Aided by a Calibration Object in the Absence of Synchronization and Transmitter Position","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388692085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3331104"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3331104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3331104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100367310","display_name":"Gang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7018-9513"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109935558","display_name":"Ningbo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03et85d35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081459737","display_name":"Zhenguo Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7285-721X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109935558","display_name":"Ningbo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03et85d35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenguo Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027768147","display_name":"K. C. Ho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4883-2151"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76835614","display_name":"University of Missouri","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. C. Ho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100367310"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7955,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72537888,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"6","first_page":"6362","last_page":"6377"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.8687894344329834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.7289599180221558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.676898181438446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.5731422901153564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.5702846050262451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.5224215388298035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.49525466561317444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.47147276997566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cram\u00e9r\u2013rao-bound","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","score":0.46927109360694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.39094284176826477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.33271491527557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30701154470443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2906581163406372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.19770842790603638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18251675367355347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12089234590530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.09399375319480896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.8687894344329834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.7289599180221558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.676898181438446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.5731422901153564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.5702846050262451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.5224215388298035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.49525466561317444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.47147276997566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4978587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138810","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","level":3,"score":0.46927109360694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.39094284176826477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.33271491527557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30701154470443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2906581163406372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.19770842790603638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18251675367355347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12089234590530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.09399375319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3331104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3331104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1799285272","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62222109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966167072","https://openalex.org/W1990129270","https://openalex.org/W2001886371","https://openalex.org/W2002105608","https://openalex.org/W2011268416","https://openalex.org/W2054922679","https://openalex.org/W2075403247","https://openalex.org/W2085986270","https://openalex.org/W2100498667","https://openalex.org/W2101317465","https://openalex.org/W2107376953","https://openalex.org/W2112732068","https://openalex.org/W2120350100","https://openalex.org/W2131807119","https://openalex.org/W2151343895","https://openalex.org/W2156476853","https://openalex.org/W2158495097","https://openalex.org/W2160921083","https://openalex.org/W2164308154","https://openalex.org/W2296143655","https://openalex.org/W2750632489","https://openalex.org/W2763187878","https://openalex.org/W2921072119","https://openalex.org/W2963384677","https://openalex.org/W2963571153","https://openalex.org/W2972089994","https://openalex.org/W3000220764","https://openalex.org/W3033311084","https://openalex.org/W3113942567","https://openalex.org/W3161012333","https://openalex.org/W3162838359","https://openalex.org/W3175221508","https://openalex.org/W3183514671","https://openalex.org/W3212727074","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4285066106","https://openalex.org/W4293057330","https://openalex.org/W4297924273","https://openalex.org/W4313060067"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2120266201","https://openalex.org/W2585557503","https://openalex.org/W2389491004","https://openalex.org/W2164801693","https://openalex.org/W2035458027","https://openalex.org/W2384282517","https://openalex.org/W1976418043","https://openalex.org/W2378226311","https://openalex.org/W2112220548","https://openalex.org/W2146616212"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,80],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,83],"address":[4],"the":[5,10,17,20,24,34,39,43,47,54,59,63,68,73,98,113,126,130,134,146,159,166,172,178,192,200],"multistatic":[6],"localization":[7],"problem":[8,35,111,144],"when":[9],"transmitter":[11,25,44,64,99],"position":[12,45,100,136,181,194],"is":[13,36,101,137,162,169,183,196,210],"not":[14,27],"known":[15],"and":[16,22,46,65,67,75,116,157],"synchronizations":[18],"among":[19],"receivers":[21],"with":[23],"are":[26,151],"available.":[28],"Aided":[29],"by":[30,72,103,139,213],"a":[31,85,91,105,117,141],"calibration":[32,74,179],"object,":[33],"solvable":[37],"where":[38],"unknown":[40,76,93],"object":[41,135,180,193],"position,":[42],"synchronization":[48,127],"errors":[49,128],"can":[50],"be":[51],"estimated":[52,102,138],"using":[53],"time":[55],"delay":[56],"measurements":[57],"from":[58],"direct":[60],"paths":[61,70],"between":[62],"receivers,":[66],"indirect":[69],"reflected":[71],"objects.":[77],"To":[78],"solve":[79],"challenging":[81],"problem,":[82],"propose":[84],"three-step":[86],"estimation":[87],"method":[88,161,168],"that":[89,191],"obtains":[90],"different":[92,142],"in":[94,112,129,145,153,176],"each":[95],"step.":[96,132,148],"Specifically,":[97],"formulating":[104,140],"constrained":[106],"weighted":[107,119],"least":[108,120],"squares":[109,121],"(CWLS)":[110],"first":[114],"step,":[115],"linear":[118],"estimator":[122],"follows":[123],"to":[124,171,198],"determine":[125],"second":[131],"Finally,":[133],"CWLS":[143],"third":[147],"The":[149,185],"solutions":[150],"closed-form":[152],"all":[154],"three":[155],"steps,":[156],"thus,":[158],"proposed":[160,167],"computationally":[163],"efficient.":[164],"Furthermore,":[165],"extended":[170],"more":[173],"practical":[174],"scenario":[175],"which":[177,209],"error":[182,188],"present.":[184],"mean":[186],"square":[187],"analysis":[189],"validates":[190],"estimate":[195],"able":[197],"achieve":[199],"Cramer-Rao":[201],"lower":[202],"bound":[203],"performance":[204],"under":[205],"small":[206],"Gaussian":[207],"noise,":[208],"further":[211],"confirmed":[212],"numerical":[214],"simulations.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-13T16:22:10.518609","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
