{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387918077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3325384","title":"Achieving Covert Communication in Large-Scale SWIPT-Enabled D2D Networks","display_name":"Achieving Covert Communication in Large-Scale SWIPT-Enabled D2D Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387918077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3325384"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3325384","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3325384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080935585","display_name":"Shaohan Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8193-466X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75059550","display_name":"Zhejiang Gongshang University","ror":"https://ror.org/0569mkk41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaohan Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronic Engineering (Sussex Artificial Intelligence Institute), Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8193-466X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronic Engineering (Sussex Artificial Intelligence Institute), Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051708868","display_name":"Xiao Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0602-2337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094041","display_name":"Ericsson (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/00nas2c56","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040","https://openalex.org/I4210094041"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164862","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p590m36","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164862"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research and Development, Ericsson, Mississauga, ON, Canada","Global Artificial Intelligence Accelerator, Ericsson, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0602-2337","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research and Development, Ericsson, Mississauga, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Artificial Intelligence Accelerator, Ericsson, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164862","https://openalex.org/I4210094041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091266202","display_name":"Dusit Niyato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dusit Niyato","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089270885","display_name":"Ekram Hossain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5932-6887"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46247651","display_name":"University of Manitoba","ror":"https://ror.org/02gfys938","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ekram Hossain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5932-6887","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46247651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100606009","display_name":"Sumei Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-8122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumei Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Fusionopolis, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-8122","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Fusionopolis, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8583,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85833645,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"5","first_page":"5272","last_page":"5286"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7682640552520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.4860232472419739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4579644501209259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4509739577770233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4491347372531891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.27683791518211365}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7682640552520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.4860232472419739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4579644501209259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4509739577770233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4491347372531891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.27683791518211365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3325384","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3325384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4547849143","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62302446","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7166221729","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62276231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320709","display_name":"National Research Foundation Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpyc314"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W35636098","https://openalex.org/W196627109","https://openalex.org/W1664376093","https://openalex.org/W1966000877","https://openalex.org/W1988305079","https://openalex.org/W2007203457","https://openalex.org/W2011297805","https://openalex.org/W2076579100","https://openalex.org/W2082931571","https://openalex.org/W2110822293","https://openalex.org/W2137079066","https://openalex.org/W2150166076","https://openalex.org/W2182060973","https://openalex.org/W2246332176","https://openalex.org/W2320323805","https://openalex.org/W2327931929","https://openalex.org/W2337467851","https://openalex.org/W2562742260","https://openalex.org/W2988414279","https://openalex.org/W2999308333","https://openalex.org/W3003545318","https://openalex.org/W3033175307","https://openalex.org/W3120310293","https://openalex.org/W3133015265","https://openalex.org/W3136887126","https://openalex.org/W3181191721","https://openalex.org/W3195611087","https://openalex.org/W3215387125","https://openalex.org/W4226452241","https://openalex.org/W4239270100","https://openalex.org/W4253962606","https://openalex.org/W4285204942","https://openalex.org/W4379117226","https://openalex.org/W4391807095"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2523525694","https://openalex.org/W2998642566","https://openalex.org/W2392682561","https://openalex.org/W57793151","https://openalex.org/W2804882289","https://openalex.org/W2727423897","https://openalex.org/W2497612952"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,109,174,191,249],"aim":[1,75],"to":[2,28,76,92,104,204,234,253,283],"develop":[3,230],"a":[4,9,24,121,231],"system-level":[5],"security":[6],"solution":[7,210],"for":[8,36],"large-scale":[10,181],"device-to-device":[11],"(D2D)":[12],"network":[13,22,27,83,116,142,148,187,240,272,288],"against":[14,106,290],"adversaries":[15,74,118,127],"based":[16],"on":[17],"covert":[18,94],"communication.":[19],"The":[20,81],"D2D":[21,46,49,54,58,79,82,115,141,182,237],"underlays":[23],"downlink":[25],"cellular":[26,31,90,186],"reuse":[29],"the":[30,45,48,53,57,71,73,78,89,98,107,111,114,126,129,136,140,144,152,159,176,180,193,201,208,212,216,222,226,236,246,259,264,284,294],"spectrum":[32],"and":[33,40,56,62,87,117,139,155,166,185,199,244,277,281],"is":[34,143,211],"enabled":[35],"simultaneous":[37],"wireless":[38],"information":[39,61],"power":[41,85,156,163,278],"transfer":[42],"(SWIPT).":[43],"In":[44,70],"network,":[47,183],"transmitters":[50],"communicate":[51],"with":[52],"receivers,":[55],"receivers":[59],"extract":[60],"energy":[63],"from":[64,215,225],"their":[65,132],"received":[66],"radio-frequency":[67],"(RF)":[68],"signals.":[69],"meantime,":[72],"detect":[77],"transmission.":[80],"applies":[84],"control":[86],"leverages":[88],"signal":[91],"achieve":[93],"communication":[95,153],"(i.e.,":[96],"hide":[97],"presence":[99],"of":[100,179,270,293],"transmissions)":[101],"so":[102],"as":[103],"defend":[105],"adversaries.":[108],"model":[110],"interaction":[112],"between":[113],"by":[119,151,188],"using":[120],"two-stage":[122],"Stackelberg":[123,247],"game.":[124],"Therein,":[125],"are":[128,172],"followers":[130],"minimizing":[131],"detection":[133,195],"errors":[134],"at":[135,158],"lower":[137,217,227],"stage":[138],"leader":[145],"maximizing":[146],"its":[147],"utility":[149,241,289],"constrained":[150,239],"covertness":[154],"outage":[157,279],"upper":[160],"stage.":[161,218],"Both":[162],"splitting":[164],"(PS)-based":[165],"time":[167],"switch":[168],"(TS)-based":[169],"SWIPT":[170,261,266],"schemes":[171],"explored.":[173],"characterize":[175],"spatial":[177],"configuration":[178],"adversaries,":[184],"stochastic":[189],"geometry.":[190],"analyze":[192],"adversary\u2019s":[194],"error":[196],"minimization":[197],"problem":[198,243],"adopt":[200],"Rosenbrock":[202],"method":[203],"solve":[205,235],"it,":[206],"where":[207],"obtained":[209],"best":[213,223],"response":[214,224],"Taking":[219],"into":[220],"account":[221],"stage,":[228],"we":[229],"bi-level":[232],"algorithm":[233],"network\u2019s":[238],"maximization":[242],"obtain":[245],"equilibrium.":[248],"present":[250],"numerical":[251],"results":[252],"reveal":[254],"interesting":[255],"insights.":[256],"For":[257],"example,":[258],"PS-based":[260],"scheme":[262,267],"outperforms":[263],"TS-based":[265],"in":[268],"terms":[269],"both":[271],"performance":[273],"(e.g.,":[274],"link":[275],"reliability":[276],"probability)":[280],"resistance":[282],"adversary,":[285],"i.e.,":[286],"steady":[287],"increasing":[291],"aggressiveness":[292],"adversary.":[295]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}