{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386320463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3307605","title":"Optimizing Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Short Transmissions: How Detailed Configurations Can Be Afforded?","display_name":"Optimizing Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Short Transmissions: How Detailed Configurations Can Be Afforded?","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386320463","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3307605"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3307605","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3307605","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018625523","display_name":"Anders Enqvist","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8107-1710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anders Enqvist","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Kista, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8107-1710","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Kista, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030697206","display_name":"\u00d6zlem Tu\u011ffe Demir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9059-2799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13236232","display_name":"TOBB University of Economics and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03ewx7v96","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13236232"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00d6zlem Tu\u011ffe Demir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9059-2799","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13236232"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006937058","display_name":"\u00c7i\u00e7ek \u00c7avdar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0525-4491"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cicek Cavdar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Kista, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0525-4491","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Kista, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062293532","display_name":"Emil Bj\u00f6rnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5954-434X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emil Bj\u00f6rnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Kista, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5954-434X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Kista, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6968,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69264825,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"4","first_page":"3377","last_page":"3391"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9829999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9711999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.8019384145736694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payload","display_name":"Payload (computing)","score":0.7844657897949219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.7312105894088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6783885359764099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6579617857933044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.6199502348899841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6151228547096252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.590705394744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pilot-signal","display_name":"Pilot signal","score":0.57916259765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-equipment","display_name":"User equipment","score":0.5359492897987366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-transmission","display_name":"Data transmission","score":0.4801618456840515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.4684617221355438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-length","display_name":"Path length","score":0.4670950770378113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.44126665592193604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.44079717993736267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.430736780166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","score":0.41488009691238403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3408030569553375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.32300442457199097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.31874892115592957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.19888481497764587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1762731373310089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.1372232437133789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08730661869049072}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.8019384145736694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134066672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424639","display_name":"Payload (computing)","level":3,"score":0.7844657897949219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.7312105894088745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6783885359764099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6579617857933044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.6199502348899841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6151228547096252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.590705394744873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197264572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2095206","display_name":"Pilot signal","level":3,"score":0.57916259765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781327853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3552547","display_name":"User equipment","level":3,"score":0.5359492897987366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.4801618456840515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.4684617221355438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129045301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7144654","display_name":"Path length","level":2,"score":0.4670950770378113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44126665592193604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.44079717993736267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.430736780166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.41488009691238403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3408030569553375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.32300442457199097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.31874892115592957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.19888481497764587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1762731373310089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.1372232437133789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08730661869049072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3307605","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3307605","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9200000166893005,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6771436268","display_name":"Intelligenta tr\u00e5dl\u00f6sa n\u00e4tverk med innovativ antenntopologi","funder_award_id":"FFL18-0277","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320940","funder_display_name":"Stiftelsen f\u00f6r\u00a0Strategisk Forskning"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320940","display_name":"Stiftelsen f\u00f6r\u00a0Strategisk Forskning","ror":"https://ror.org/044wr7g58"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967956032","https://openalex.org/W2106864314","https://openalex.org/W2120796660","https://openalex.org/W2139021587","https://openalex.org/W2147056723","https://openalex.org/W2770606349","https://openalex.org/W2805166665","https://openalex.org/W2948573205","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2971912794","https://openalex.org/W2995554704","https://openalex.org/W3005112765","https://openalex.org/W3010176898","https://openalex.org/W3013719647","https://openalex.org/W3033425325","https://openalex.org/W3041653465","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3080299781","https://openalex.org/W3097241762","https://openalex.org/W3100368766","https://openalex.org/W3120586454","https://openalex.org/W3121645716","https://openalex.org/W3121776523","https://openalex.org/W3128409631","https://openalex.org/W3129486236","https://openalex.org/W3132804089","https://openalex.org/W3185482389","https://openalex.org/W3203630573","https://openalex.org/W3208781006","https://openalex.org/W4205380020","https://openalex.org/W4213224356","https://openalex.org/W4221146592","https://openalex.org/W4225737845","https://openalex.org/W4226093226","https://openalex.org/W4284893296","https://openalex.org/W4285130865","https://openalex.org/W4285246009","https://openalex.org/W4290996398","https://openalex.org/W4312471131","https://openalex.org/W4313001863","https://openalex.org/W4323521040","https://openalex.org/W4387870825","https://openalex.org/W4387883690","https://openalex.org/W4387883745","https://openalex.org/W6845340377","https://openalex.org/W6846597614"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2167167456","https://openalex.org/W2805155750","https://openalex.org/W2104962311","https://openalex.org/W2137476548","https://openalex.org/W2557525578","https://openalex.org/W3216273183","https://openalex.org/W3157321018","https://openalex.org/W4380303740","https://openalex.org/W2067345002","https://openalex.org/W2742144149"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"examines":[2],"how":[3],"to":[4,35,38,118,122,154],"minimize":[5,123],"the":[6,40,47,51,69,80,92,98,106,119,124,142,147,155,159,161,187],"energy":[7,52,59,70,125,180],"consumption":[8,53],"of":[9,82,102,179,189],"a":[10,25,66,133],"user":[11],"equipment":[12],"(UE)":[13],"when":[14,141],"transmitting":[15],"short":[16],"data":[17,62,76],"payloads.":[18],"The":[19,43,110,176],"receiving":[20],"base":[21],"station":[22],"(BS)":[23],"controls":[24],"reconfigurable":[26],"intelligent":[27],"surface":[28],"(RIS),":[29],"which":[30],"requires":[31],"additional":[32],"pilot":[33,48,74,93,111,171,183],"signals":[34,49],"be":[36,56],"configured,":[37],"improve":[39],"channel":[41,84],"conditions.":[42],"challenge":[44],"is":[45,151,163,185],"that":[46,130],"increase":[50],"and":[54,75,79,87,113,140,149,169,173],"must":[55],"balanced":[57],"against":[58],"savings":[60],"during":[61],"transmission.":[63],"We":[64],"derive":[65],"formula":[67],"for":[68],"consumption,":[71],"including":[72],"both":[73],"transmission":[77],"powers":[78],"effects":[81],"imperfect":[83],"state":[85],"information":[86],"discrete":[88],"phase-shifts.":[89],"To":[90],"shorten":[91],"length,":[94],"we":[95],"propose":[96],"dividing":[97],"RIS":[99],"into":[100],"subarrays":[101,165],"multiple":[103],"elements":[104,168],"using":[105,164],"same":[107],"reflection":[108],"coefficient.":[109],"power":[112,172],"subarray":[114],"size":[115],"are":[116],"tuned":[117],"payload":[120],"length":[121],"consumption.":[126],"Analytical":[127],"results":[128],"show":[129],"there":[131],"exists":[132],"unique":[134],"energy-minimizing":[135],"solution.":[136],"For":[137],"small":[138],"payloads":[139],"direct":[143],"path":[144,156],"loss":[145,157],"between":[146],"BS":[148],"UE":[150],"weak":[152],"compared":[153],"via":[158],"RIS,":[160],"solution":[162],"with":[166],"many":[167],"low":[170],"vice":[174],"versa.":[175],"optimal":[177],"percentage":[178],"spent":[181],"on":[182],"signaling":[184],"in":[186],"order":[188],"10-40%.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
