{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385338749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3296076","title":"Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Assisted Secret Key Generation in Spatially Correlated Channels","display_name":"Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Assisted Secret Key Generation in Spatially Correlated Channels","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385338749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3296076"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3296076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3296076","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101869953","display_name":"Lei Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1792-5283"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lei Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013730149","display_name":"Guyue Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1145-1168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guyue Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Network Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Cyber Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Network Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034398010","display_name":"Xuewen Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9956-4281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097418","display_name":"Laboratoire des signaux et syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/00skw9v43","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210097418","https://openalex.org/I4210107720"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuewen Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["CNRS, CentraleSupèlec, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systémes, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS, CentraleSupèlec, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systémes, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097418","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075678549","display_name":"Aiqun Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0398-4899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155350","display_name":"Purple Mountain Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/04zcbk583","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aiqun Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Network Technology, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155350"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Network Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006080984","display_name":"Derrick Wing Kwan Ng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6400-712X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Derrick Wing Kwan Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101869953"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4764,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8958081,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"3","first_page":"2153","last_page":"2166"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12009","display_name":"Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Studies","score":0.972599983215332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7348573207855225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6442185640335083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.5676485300064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.564022958278656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.4896588921546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4885152578353882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independent-and-identically-distributed-random-variables","display_name":"Independent and identically distributed random variables","score":0.4868432879447937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.47289812564849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4454275369644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.4222061336040497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3626568019390106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.34025782346725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.31138741970062256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22329172492027283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.17991113662719727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-variable","display_name":"Random variable","score":0.10591593384742737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.10262587666511536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1018470823764801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.0787527859210968}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7348573207855225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6442185640335083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.5676485300064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.564022958278656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.4896588921546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4885152578353882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141513077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378542","display_name":"Independent and identically distributed random variables","level":3,"score":0.4868432879447937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.47289812564849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4454275369644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.4222061336040497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3626568019390106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.34025782346725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.31138741970062256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22329172492027283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.17991113662719727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122123141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176623","display_name":"Random variable","level":2,"score":0.10591593384742737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.10262587666511536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1018470823764801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0787527859210968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3296076","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3296076","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04490103v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://centralesupelec.hal.science/hal-04490103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922466","display_name":"SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2024, pp.1-1. ⟨10.1109/TWC.2023.3296076⟩","raw_type":"Journal articles"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5005675724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DP230100603","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G543543575","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK20211160","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5952740038","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DP210102169","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G601026658","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171121","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8014458112","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022YFB2902202","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8853341699","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22A2001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595252221","https://openalex.org/W1980880491","https://openalex.org/W1985077192","https://openalex.org/W1995600116","https://openalex.org/W1996215314","https://openalex.org/W2050968963","https://openalex.org/W2054496355","https://openalex.org/W2079310560","https://openalex.org/W2086412585","https://openalex.org/W2089559088","https://openalex.org/W2102187818","https://openalex.org/W2106833918","https://openalex.org/W2110251229","https://openalex.org/W2185302284","https://openalex.org/W2237176355","https://openalex.org/W2295120647","https://openalex.org/W2508393166","https://openalex.org/W2604524164","https://openalex.org/W2612881001","https://openalex.org/W2789415212","https://openalex.org/W2963121727","https://openalex.org/W2963172798","https://openalex.org/W2963355537","https://openalex.org/W2981994442","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W3037642437","https://openalex.org/W3049088677","https://openalex.org/W3084194173","https://openalex.org/W3088972703","https://openalex.org/W3093530453","https://openalex.org/W3099921307","https://openalex.org/W3106758637","https://openalex.org/W3110989801","https://openalex.org/W3114262415","https://openalex.org/W3117633996","https://openalex.org/W3131368335","https://openalex.org/W3137691847","https://openalex.org/W3150480006","https://openalex.org/W3168739648","https://openalex.org/W3178081691","https://openalex.org/W3203343363","https://openalex.org/W3209252509","https://openalex.org/W4206016832","https://openalex.org/W4206742934","https://openalex.org/W4211092921","https://openalex.org/W4226029525","https://openalex.org/W4226330150","https://openalex.org/W4243494487","https://openalex.org/W4301435544","https://openalex.org/W4315629773","https://openalex.org/W6634602028"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2550439779","https://openalex.org/W3087844490","https://openalex.org/W2287071596","https://openalex.org/W3090699061","https://openalex.org/W4387546583","https://openalex.org/W2623668551","https://openalex.org/W2051762234","https://openalex.org/W2131408743","https://openalex.org/W2055634632","https://openalex.org/W2171065346"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reconfigurable":[0],"intelligent":[1],"surface":[2],"(RIS)":[3],"is":[4,60,126,173],"a":[5,63,90,98,113,174],"disruptive":[6],"technology":[7],"to":[8,18,21,145],"enhance":[9],"the":[10,24,35,49,54,57,73,82,105,108,130,146,151,166,177,180,185,195],"performance":[11],"of":[12,38,75,176,187,197],"physical-layer":[13],"key":[14,115],"generation":[15,116],"(PKG)":[16],"thanks":[17],"its":[19],"ability":[20],"smartly":[22],"customize":[23],"radio":[25],"environments.":[26],"Existing":[27],"RIS-assisted":[28],"PKG":[29,83],"methods":[30,148],"are":[31],"mainly":[32],"based":[33,103,149],"on":[34,104,150],"idealistic":[36],"assumption":[37],"an":[39,67,122],"independent":[40],"and":[41,53,71,96,107,120,199],"identically":[42],"distributed":[43],"(i.i.d.)":[44],"channel":[45,76,94,100],"model":[46,59,95],"at":[47],"both":[48],"base":[50],"station":[51],"(BS)":[52],"RIS.":[55],"However,":[56],"i.i.d.":[58,152],"inaccurate":[61],"for":[62],"typical":[64],"RIS":[65,171,188],"in":[66],"isotropic":[68],"scattering":[69],"environment":[70],"neglecting":[72],"existence":[74],"spatial":[77],"correlation":[78],"would":[79],"possibly":[80],"degrade":[81],"performance.":[84],"In":[85],"this":[86],"paper,":[87],"we":[88],"establish":[89],"general":[91],"spatially":[92],"correlated":[93],"propose":[97],"new":[99],"probing":[101],"framework":[102],"transmit":[106,162],"reflective":[109],"beamforming.":[110],"We":[111],"derive":[112],"closed-form":[114],"rate":[117],"(KGR)":[118],"expression":[119],"formulate":[121],"optimization":[123],"problem,":[124],"which":[125],"solved":[127],"by":[128],"using":[129],"low-complexity":[131],"Block":[132],"Successive":[133],"Upper-bound":[134],"Minimization":[135],"(BSUM)":[136],"with":[137,184,194],"Mirror-Prox":[138],"method.":[139],"Simulation":[140],"results":[141],"show":[142],"that":[143,191],"compared":[144],"existing":[147],"fading":[153],"model,":[154],"our":[155],"proposed":[156],"method":[157],"achieves":[158],"about":[159],"5":[160],"dB":[161],"power":[163],"gain":[164],"when":[165],"spacing":[167],"between":[168],"two":[169],"neighboring":[170],"elements":[172,189],"quarter":[175],"wavelength.":[178],"Also,":[179],"KGR":[181],"increases":[182,192],"significantly":[183],"number":[186,196],"while":[190],"marginally":[193],"BS":[198],"user":[200],"antennas.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}