{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4384518893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3294402","title":"Hybrid MMSE Precoding for Millimeter Wave MU-MISO via Trace Maximization","display_name":"Hybrid MMSE Precoding for Millimeter Wave MU-MISO via Trace Maximization","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-07-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4384518893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3294402"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3294402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3294402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032413556","display_name":"Prabhat Raj Gautam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9881-1394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prabhat Raj Gautam","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9881-1394","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100425578","display_name":"Li Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4535-3200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4535-3200","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101880047","display_name":"Pingzhi Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8281-6251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4800084","display_name":"Southwest Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hn7w693","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pingzhi Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Coding and Transmission Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, CSNMT Int. Coop. Res. Centre (MoST), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8281-6251","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Coding and Transmission Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, CSNMT Int. Coop. Res. Centre (MoST), Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4800084"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5067,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81542861,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"3","first_page":"1999","last_page":"2010"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.975229024887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-forcing-precoding","display_name":"Zero-forcing precoding","score":0.7296442985534668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6884056329727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5969662666320801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5662237405776978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.5037476420402527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.44652417302131653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.443601131439209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singular-value-decomposition","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","score":0.4310225546360016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-mean-square-error","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","score":0.4226216971874237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4011932909488678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3695867955684662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3671687841415405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3322966694831848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.2592867910861969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2047349214553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09228041768074036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08313542604446411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.06372413039207458}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.975229024887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155437304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8069444","display_name":"Zero-forcing precoding","level":5,"score":0.7296442985534668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6884056329727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5969662666320801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5662237405776978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.5037476420402527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.44652417302131653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.443601131439209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22789450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420904","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","level":2,"score":0.4310225546360016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90652560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11091747","display_name":"Minimum mean square error","level":3,"score":0.4226216971874237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4011932909488678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3695867955684662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3671687841415405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3322966694831848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2592867910861969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2047349214553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09228041768074036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08313542604446411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.06372413039207458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3294402","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3294402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:203367","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6018493712","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62020106001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1423052447","https://openalex.org/W1956027752","https://openalex.org/W2004294022","https://openalex.org/W2015959396","https://openalex.org/W2016999686","https://openalex.org/W2053521124","https://openalex.org/W2091012876","https://openalex.org/W2095843437","https://openalex.org/W2096814491","https://openalex.org/W2103972037","https://openalex.org/W2105147296","https://openalex.org/W2141077315","https://openalex.org/W2147584524","https://openalex.org/W2170510856","https://openalex.org/W2259391824","https://openalex.org/W2272804037","https://openalex.org/W2517686986","https://openalex.org/W2525086471","https://openalex.org/W2729652156","https://openalex.org/W2757012997","https://openalex.org/W2757474971","https://openalex.org/W2890751303","https://openalex.org/W2909794597","https://openalex.org/W2962720671","https://openalex.org/W2963182751","https://openalex.org/W2991873439","https://openalex.org/W3028275261","https://openalex.org/W3036447852","https://openalex.org/W3092585256","https://openalex.org/W3099908750","https://openalex.org/W3125155520","https://openalex.org/W3193821162","https://openalex.org/W4285130798"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2111825998","https://openalex.org/W2326544815","https://openalex.org/W1973158664","https://openalex.org/W1731022149","https://openalex.org/W1996933839","https://openalex.org/W2000226056","https://openalex.org/W4386858283","https://openalex.org/W3190864439","https://openalex.org/W1979957996","https://openalex.org/W1993945082"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,65],"an":[1,122],"attempt":[2],"to":[3,47,60,87,160,186],"alleviate":[4],"the":[5,34,61,89,140,166],"cost":[6],"and":[7,44,79,99,119,152,164],"power":[8],"consumption":[9],"in":[10,85,188],"millimeter":[11],"wave":[12],"(mmWave)":[13],"multiple":[14,16,73],"input":[15],"output":[17],"(MIMO)":[18],"systems,":[19],"hybrid":[20,31,82,148,172],"precoding":[21,32,38,46,83,101,182],"has":[22],"been":[23],"put":[24],"forth":[25],"as":[26,114,168],"a":[27,40,52,70,81,115,176],"possible":[28],"solution.":[29],"The":[30,97,132,146,180],"replaces":[33],"conventional":[35],"fully":[36,161],"digital":[37,45,100,133,162],"with":[39,197],"combination":[41],"of":[42,56,63],"analog":[43,98,141],"achieve":[48],"good":[49,195],"performance":[50,171,196],"using":[51,143],"significantly":[53],"smaller":[54],"number":[55,62],"RF":[57],"chains":[58],"compared":[59],"antennas.":[64],"this":[66],"paper,":[67],"we":[68],"consider":[69],"narrowband":[71],"downlink":[72],"user":[74],"multiple-input":[75],"single-output":[76],"(MU-MISO)":[77],"system":[78],"propose":[80],"method":[84,183],"order":[86],"minimize":[88],"mean":[90],"squared":[91],"error":[92,154],"(MSE)":[93],"for":[94],"all":[95],"users.":[96],"design":[102,111],"subproblems":[103],"are":[104],"isolated":[105],"from":[106],"each":[107],"other.":[108],"Analog":[109],"precoder":[110,134,149],"is":[112,135,184],"cast":[113],"trace":[116],"maximization":[117],"problem,":[118],"solved":[120],"by":[121],"iterative":[123],"procedure":[124],"based":[125],"on":[126],"truncated":[127],"singular":[128],"value":[129],"decomposition":[130],"(SVD).":[131],"determined":[136],"subsequently":[137],"after":[138],"fixing":[139],"precoder,":[142,163],"Lagrange\u2019s":[144],"method.":[145],"proposed":[147,181],"produces":[150],"spectral":[151],"bit":[153],"rate":[155],"(BER)":[156],"performances":[157],"quite":[158],"close":[159],"almost":[165],"same":[167],"existing":[169],"high":[170],"precoders,":[173],"albeit":[174],"at":[175],"much":[177],"lower":[178],"complexity.":[179,199],"extended":[185],"operate":[187],"wideband":[189],"channel,":[190],"where":[191],"it":[192],"exhibits":[193],"equally":[194],"less":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}