{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4381894769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3287229","title":"Joint Precoding Design for Sub-Connected Hybrid Beamforming System","display_name":"Joint Precoding Design for Sub-Connected Hybrid Beamforming System","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4381894769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3287229"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3287229","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3287229","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034506588","display_name":"Yunbo Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111959","display_name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02br7py06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210111959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunbo Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111959","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018784820","display_name":"Hua Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8290-879X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111959","display_name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02br7py06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210111959"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8290-879X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111959","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023266083","display_name":"Kai Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7644-7058"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111959","display_name":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02br7py06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210111959"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7644-7058","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111959","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038510002","display_name":"Xiliang Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3816-6789"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiliang Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Science Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3816-6789","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Science Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091507054","display_name":"Hongbin Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0837-9919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongbin Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["FinTech Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0837-9919","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"FinTech Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.718,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8439661,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"2","first_page":"1199","last_page":"1212"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7347841262817383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.7246161103248596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6770577430725098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5625074505805969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.46405163407325745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.43625470995903015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.41198229789733887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3728334307670593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23259806632995605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14655578136444092}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7347841262817383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.7246161103248596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6770577430725098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5625074505805969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.46405163407325745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.43625470995903015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.41198229789733887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3728334307670593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23259806632995605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14655578136444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3287229","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3287229","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1619256854","display_name":"\u8f66\u8054\u7f51\u4e91\u96fe\u8ba1\u7b97\u534f\u540c\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61971286","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4019768512","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFB2205603","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1432778544","https://openalex.org/W2004294022","https://openalex.org/W2060451174","https://openalex.org/W2072599023","https://openalex.org/W2075148031","https://openalex.org/W2104074482","https://openalex.org/W2272804037","https://openalex.org/W2559328514","https://openalex.org/W2735854379","https://openalex.org/W2757151742","https://openalex.org/W2757474971","https://openalex.org/W2785977072","https://openalex.org/W2788350651","https://openalex.org/W2788428941","https://openalex.org/W2805231505","https://openalex.org/W2888087446","https://openalex.org/W2903491755","https://openalex.org/W2949670636","https://openalex.org/W2962720671","https://openalex.org/W2962853966","https://openalex.org/W2965280891","https://openalex.org/W2973818893","https://openalex.org/W2984176297","https://openalex.org/W2988443912","https://openalex.org/W3005555873","https://openalex.org/W3009918410","https://openalex.org/W3033578310","https://openalex.org/W3045209834","https://openalex.org/W3092282640","https://openalex.org/W3099757519","https://openalex.org/W3102971715","https://openalex.org/W3144422272","https://openalex.org/W3176104720","https://openalex.org/W3196603353","https://openalex.org/W4292363360"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4281688526","https://openalex.org/W2152088989","https://openalex.org/W2756419127","https://openalex.org/W4366493479","https://openalex.org/W2905893439","https://openalex.org/W3135374966","https://openalex.org/W2554517556","https://openalex.org/W2953205382","https://openalex.org/W2489379490","https://openalex.org/W2141031289"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hybrid":[0],"beamforming":[1,31,71],"has":[2],"been":[3],"widely":[4],"considered":[5],"in":[6,85,96,110],"millimeter-wave":[7],"(mmWave)":[8],"massive":[9],"multiple-input":[10],"multiple-output":[11],"(MIMO)":[12],"system,":[13],"which":[14,94],"can":[15,88],"greatly":[16],"reduce":[17],"power":[18],"consumption":[19],"and":[20,120,160,171],"hardware":[21],"cost":[22],"of":[23,60,126],"data":[24],"paths.":[25],"Compared":[26],"to":[27,55,77,135],"the":[28,33,48,56,91,105,111,117,127,137,148,153,165],"fully-connected":[29,69],"hybrid":[30,70],"architecture,":[32],"sub-connected":[34,49,78,112],"architecture":[35,50,72],"is":[36,51,172],"more":[37],"practical":[38],"for":[39,47],"its":[40],"reduced":[41],"complexity.":[42],"However,":[43],"optimal":[44],"precoding":[45,83],"design":[46],"not":[52],"straightforward":[53],"due":[54],"specific":[57],"block-diagonal":[58],"structure":[59],"analog":[61],"phase":[62],"shifter":[63],"network.":[64],"Algorithms":[65],"on":[66],"fully-digital":[67],"or":[68],"cannot":[73],"be":[74],"directly":[75],"applied":[76],"architecture.":[79,113],"Meanwhile,":[80],"most":[81],"existing":[82],"algorithms":[84,155],"such":[86],"case":[87],"only":[89],"solve":[90,136],"approximate":[92],"problem,":[93],"results":[95,145],"significant":[97],"performance":[98],"loss.":[99],"In":[100],"this":[101],"paper,":[102],"we":[103,131],"study":[104],"sum":[106,158],"rate":[107,159],"maximization":[108],"problem":[109,139],"We":[114],"first":[115],"relax":[116],"objective":[118],"function":[119],"derive":[121],"a":[122,141],"relaxed":[123],"upper":[124],"bound":[125],"original":[128,138],"problem.":[129],"Then":[130],"propose":[132],"an":[133],"algorithm":[134,151,167],"with":[140,156],"local-optimal":[142,150],"solution.":[143],"Simulation":[144],"show":[146],"that":[147],"proposed":[149,166],"outperforms":[152],"baseline":[154],"better":[157],"energy":[161],"efficiency":[162],"performance.":[163],"Besides,":[164],"also":[168],"converges":[169],"quickly":[170],"robust.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}