{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4380451046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3283602","title":"A Non-Stationary Channel Model for 6G Multi-UAV Cooperative Communication","display_name":"A Non-Stationary Channel Model for 6G Multi-UAV Cooperative Communication","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4380451046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3283602"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3283602","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3283602","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029911006","display_name":"Lu Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1687-0863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lu Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joint SDU-NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (C-FAIR), Shandong University, Jinan, China","State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joint SDU-NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (C-FAIR), Shandong University, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000720706","display_name":"Ziwei Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1767-1399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziwei Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047551592","display_name":"Tao Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158522","display_name":"PLA Academy of Military Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05ct4s596","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Information System Security, Institute of System Engineering, Academy of Military Sciences PLA, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Information System Security, Institute of System Engineering, Academy of Military Sciences PLA, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158522"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068110218","display_name":"Xiang Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5943-0326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029911006"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827","https://openalex.org/I154099455"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.4752,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98379933,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"2","first_page":"949","last_page":"961"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-line-of-sight-propagation","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","score":0.7459613680839539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6968146562576294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6639600992202759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.44826728105545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4406229853630066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impulse-response","display_name":"Impulse response","score":0.42241668701171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3980869650840759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.38663727045059204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3077746033668518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17939907312393188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154910267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740982","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","level":3,"score":0.7459613680839539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6968146562576294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6639600992202759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.44826728105545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4406229853630066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72279823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139726","display_name":"Impulse response","level":2,"score":0.42241668701171875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3980869650840759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.38663727045059204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3077746033668518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17939907312393188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3283602","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3283602","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5526751200","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62341101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6117683952","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62001018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6623849681","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62125101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2270011535","https://openalex.org/W2406259807","https://openalex.org/W2413334868","https://openalex.org/W2497016966","https://openalex.org/W2611229052","https://openalex.org/W2800793214","https://openalex.org/W2883475271","https://openalex.org/W2914509937","https://openalex.org/W2946995037","https://openalex.org/W2962691117","https://openalex.org/W3002555312","https://openalex.org/W3023100036","https://openalex.org/W3080856920","https://openalex.org/W3089411485","https://openalex.org/W3090954451","https://openalex.org/W3110737355","https://openalex.org/W3175219873","https://openalex.org/W3195654517","https://openalex.org/W3201607315","https://openalex.org/W3203337422","https://openalex.org/W3215344916","https://openalex.org/W4205348215","https://openalex.org/W4285121421","https://openalex.org/W4285192988","https://openalex.org/W6704576102"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2172272784","https://openalex.org/W2003817535","https://openalex.org/W4307436769","https://openalex.org/W4323793210","https://openalex.org/W2366306259","https://openalex.org/W3101720559","https://openalex.org/W2143447014","https://openalex.org/W2218045119","https://openalex.org/W3172283447","https://openalex.org/W2307838865"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,88],"novel":[4,89],"three-dimensional":[5],"(3D)":[6],"non-stationary":[7,93],"multiple-unmanned":[8],"aerial":[9],"vehicle":[10],"(multi-UAV)":[11],"cooperative":[12,26,77,81,137,154],"channel":[13,27,30,123,155,178],"model":[14],"for":[15,103],"sixth":[16],"generation":[17],"(6G)":[18],"wireless":[19],"communication":[20],"systems.":[21],"In":[22],"the":[23,29,76,99,104,108,112,150,161,167,172,175],"proposed":[24,176],"multi-UAV":[25,80,153,177],"model,":[28],"impulse":[31],"response":[32],"(CIR)":[33],"of":[34,79,117,174],"sub-channel":[35],"between":[36,64],"each":[37],"UAV":[38],"and":[39,59,66,71,85,114,141],"ground":[40,53],"station":[41],"(GS)":[42],"is":[43,95],"calculated,":[44],"including":[45],"line-of-sight":[46],"(LoS),":[47],"non-LoS":[48],"(NLoS),":[49],"as":[50,52,127],"well":[51,165],"reflection":[54],"transmissions.":[55],"The":[56],"relative":[57],"distance":[58],"transmission":[60],"relationship":[61],"among":[62],"sub-channels":[63],"multi-UAVs":[65],"GS":[67],"are":[68,119,146,158],"further":[69],"modeled":[70],"analyzed.":[72,159],"To":[73],"simultaneously":[74],"capture":[75],"non-stationarity":[78],"channels":[82],"in":[83],"space":[84],"time":[86,138],"domains,":[87],"cooperation-based":[90],"space-time":[91],"(S-T)":[92],"algorithm":[94],"developed":[96],"based":[97],"on":[98,149],"birth-death":[100],"(BD)":[101],"process":[102],"first":[105],"time.":[106],"Meanwhile,":[107],"UAV-related":[109],"parameters,":[110],"e.g.,":[111],"height":[113],"3D":[115],"movement":[116],"UAVs,":[118],"considered.":[120],"Some":[121],"important":[122],"statistical":[124,156],"properties,":[125],"such":[126],"space-time-frequency":[128],"correlation":[129],"function":[130],"(STF-CF),":[131],"Doppler":[132],"power":[133],"spectral":[134],"density":[135],"(DPSD),":[136],"stationary":[139],"interval,":[140],"singular":[142],"value":[143],"spread":[144],"(SVS),":[145],"obtained.":[147],"Based":[148],"simulation":[151,162],"results,":[152,169],"properties":[157],"Finally,":[160],"results":[163],"match":[164],"with":[166],"ray-tracing":[168],"which":[170],"validates":[171],"accuracy":[173],"model.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}