{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4324116671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3253576","title":"Using Loaded N-Port Structures to Achieve the Continuous-Space Electromagnetic Channel Capacity Bound","display_name":"Using Loaded N-Port Structures to Achieve the Continuous-Space Electromagnetic Channel Capacity Bound","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4324116671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3253576"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3253576","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3253576","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078543719","display_name":"Zixiang Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7895-0418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zixiang Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Sai Kung, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7895-0418","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Sai Kung, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015890986","display_name":"Shanpu Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8487-2903"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shanpu Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Sai Kung, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8487-2903","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Sai Kung, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026524380","display_name":"Yujie Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5989-4892"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yujie Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Sai Kung, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5989-4892","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Sai Kung, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039256361","display_name":"Shiwen Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6125-7059"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiwen Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Sai Kung, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6125-7059","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Sai Kung, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053458820","display_name":"Chi-Yuk Chiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9852-4704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi-Yuk Chiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Sai Kung, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9852-4704","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Sai Kung, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004541948","display_name":"Ross Murch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2527-7693"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152695","display_name":"Nano and Advanced Materials Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05m0z0h30","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152695"]}],"countries":["CN","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ross Murch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering and the Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Sai Kung, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2527-7693","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering and the Institute for Advanced Study, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Sai Kung, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079","https://openalex.org/I4210152695"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.9915,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96826183,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"11","first_page":"7592","last_page":"7605"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.8086004257202148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-capacity","display_name":"Channel capacity","score":0.6636422872543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.633326530456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.6109912395477295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.561267614364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/port","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","score":0.5132172107696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.44553661346435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4366837441921234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.38981011509895325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2744449973106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.2543470859527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.21989554166793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.15076947212219238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11292573809623718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.8086004257202148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97744766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870845","display_name":"Channel capacity","level":3,"score":0.6636422872543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.633326530456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.6109912395477295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.561267614364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32802771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443617","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","level":2,"score":0.5132172107696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.44553661346435547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4366837441921234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38981011509895325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2744449973106384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2543470859527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.21989554166793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.15076947212219238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11292573809623718}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3253576","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3253576","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-126012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-126012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7699999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1520757484","https://openalex.org/W1561015083","https://openalex.org/W1979154798","https://openalex.org/W1983803598","https://openalex.org/W1989464613","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W1999379448","https://openalex.org/W2023535408","https://openalex.org/W2038821639","https://openalex.org/W2047793244","https://openalex.org/W2056092029","https://openalex.org/W2104038317","https://openalex.org/W2106253730","https://openalex.org/W2106453750","https://openalex.org/W2107826860","https://openalex.org/W2108136125","https://openalex.org/W2115813517","https://openalex.org/W2117166184","https://openalex.org/W2118040894","https://openalex.org/W2119725217","https://openalex.org/W2124164696","https://openalex.org/W2128865660","https://openalex.org/W2130509920","https://openalex.org/W2135244016","https://openalex.org/W2140909684","https://openalex.org/W2143704857","https://openalex.org/W2145126461","https://openalex.org/W2147100499","https://openalex.org/W2151180701","https://openalex.org/W2153447041","https://openalex.org/W2154587201","https://openalex.org/W2284228853","https://openalex.org/W2493724236","https://openalex.org/W2752330154","https://openalex.org/W2759407473","https://openalex.org/W2790871815","https://openalex.org/W2811650152","https://openalex.org/W2890952591","https://openalex.org/W2962835635","https://openalex.org/W2998180691","https://openalex.org/W3047143523","https://openalex.org/W3104989063","https://openalex.org/W3107954729","https://openalex.org/W3110930871","https://openalex.org/W3185025798","https://openalex.org/W3201007807","https://openalex.org/W3201058623","https://openalex.org/W4205112499","https://openalex.org/W4248288458","https://openalex.org/W4315630220","https://openalex.org/W6629611025","https://openalex.org/W6631064309"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539855486","https://openalex.org/W2349752445","https://openalex.org/W3198080347","https://openalex.org/W2488227130","https://openalex.org/W2355231046","https://openalex.org/W2042947524","https://openalex.org/W4231582551","https://openalex.org/W1579662240","https://openalex.org/W2106851798","https://openalex.org/W2132485983"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"method":[1,45,150],"for":[2,25,58,90],"achieving":[3],"the":[4,26,59,92,99,106,139],"continuous-space":[5,140,153],"electromagnetic":[6,141,154],"channel":[7,37,60,100,107,142,155],"capacity":[8,38,61,101,108,143,156],"bound":[9],"using":[10,69,111],"loaded":[11,70],"<inline-formula":[12,71],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[13,72],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[14,73],"<tex-math":[15,74],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$N$":[16,75],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[17,76],"-port":[18,77],"structures":[19,78],"is":[20,23,46,88],"described.":[21],"It":[22],"relevant":[24],"design":[27,96,115],"of":[28,105],"compact":[29],"multiple-input":[30],"multiple-output":[31],"(MIMO)":[32],"antennas":[33],"that":[34,97,125,148],"can":[35,130,151],"achieve":[36,138],"bounds":[39,109,157],"when":[40],"constrained":[41],"by":[42],"size.":[43],"The":[44,145],"not":[47],"restricted":[48],"to":[49,79,158],"a":[50,55],"specific":[51],"antenna":[52,82,95,114,160],"configuration":[53],"and":[54,137],"closed-form":[56],"expression":[57],"limits":[62],"are":[63,121],"provided":[64],"with":[65,116],"various":[66],"constraints.":[67],"Furthermore,":[68],"represent":[80],"arbitrary":[81],"geometries,":[83],"an":[84],"efficient":[85],"optimization":[86],"approach":[87],"proposed":[89],"finding":[91],"optimal":[93],"MIMO":[94,113,159],"achieves":[98],"bounds.":[102],"Simulation":[103],"results":[104,146],"achieved":[110],"our":[112,149],"one":[117,134],"square":[118,135],"wavelength":[119,136],"size":[120],"provided.":[122],"These":[123],"show":[124],"at":[126],"least":[127],"18":[128],"ports":[129],"be":[131],"supported":[132],"in":[133],"bound.":[144],"demonstrate":[147],"link":[152],"design.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
