{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4317033507","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3235617","title":"On Outage-Based Beamforming Design for Dual-Functional Radar-Communication 6G Systems","display_name":"On Outage-Based Beamforming Design for Dual-Functional Radar-Communication 6G Systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4317033507","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3235617"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3235617","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3235617","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030039474","display_name":"Ahmad Bazzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7645-352X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120250893","display_name":"New York University Abu Dhabi","ror":"https://ror.org/00e5k0821","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120250893","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Bazzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Division, New York University (NYU) Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7645-352X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Division, New York University (NYU) Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120250893"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026039370","display_name":"Marwa Chafii","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0314-6585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120250893","display_name":"New York University Abu Dhabi","ror":"https://ror.org/00e5k0821","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120250893","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marwa Chafii","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Division, New York University (NYU) Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","NYU WIRELESS, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0314-6585","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Division, New York University (NYU) Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120250893"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NYU WIRELESS, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120250893"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":132.6614,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":196,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99982581,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"8","first_page":"5598","last_page":"5612"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8021109104156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.764632523059845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5801037549972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5463878512382507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.5039345622062683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.46769002079963684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.4326792061328888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4261520504951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4130641520023346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.39675867557525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3750336468219757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3652457296848297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2816706895828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.261962890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.19874534010887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11711695790290833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11352428793907166}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8021109104156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.764632523059845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5801037549972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5463878512382507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.5039345622062683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.46769002079963684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.4326792061328888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4261520504951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4130641520023346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.39675867557525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3750336468219757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3652457296848297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2816706895828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.261962890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.19874534010887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11711695790290833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11352428793907166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2023.3235617","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2023.3235617","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1544261405","https://openalex.org/W1577408952","https://openalex.org/W1964339032","https://openalex.org/W1975636241","https://openalex.org/W1996215314","https://openalex.org/W2014020284","https://openalex.org/W2042599231","https://openalex.org/W2081035264","https://openalex.org/W2107520399","https://openalex.org/W2111135554","https://openalex.org/W2116903969","https://openalex.org/W2119741793","https://openalex.org/W2125930644","https://openalex.org/W2139683558","https://openalex.org/W2149324728","https://openalex.org/W2168160940","https://openalex.org/W2206128797","https://openalex.org/W2588854657","https://openalex.org/W2769776241","https://openalex.org/W2891102846","https://openalex.org/W2962806269","https://openalex.org/W2971738358","https://openalex.org/W2972473258","https://openalex.org/W2972757045","https://openalex.org/W2981096252","https://openalex.org/W3022813153","https://openalex.org/W3034980365","https://openalex.org/W3038233023","https://openalex.org/W3045871138","https://openalex.org/W3082159919","https://openalex.org/W3102540572","https://openalex.org/W3105289681","https://openalex.org/W3119152637","https://openalex.org/W3133945977","https://openalex.org/W3160418042","https://openalex.org/W3200820186","https://openalex.org/W3204859850","https://openalex.org/W3206511420","https://openalex.org/W4205749129","https://openalex.org/W4250897953","https://openalex.org/W4253900906","https://openalex.org/W6634352367","https://openalex.org/W6802911592"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4372349176","https://openalex.org/W2043889002","https://openalex.org/W1588641184","https://openalex.org/W2027266580","https://openalex.org/W4297922998","https://openalex.org/W2949670118","https://openalex.org/W1976071028","https://openalex.org/W3024812795","https://openalex.org/W2159232098","https://openalex.org/W1547370922"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"studies":[2],"and":[3,35,54,101],"derives":[4],"beamforming":[5,106],"design":[6,107],"in":[7,64,94],"a":[8,17,52],"dual-functional":[9],"radar-communication":[10],"(DFRC)":[11],"multiple-input-multiple-output":[12],"system.":[13],"We":[14],"focus":[15],"on":[16],"scenario,":[18],"where":[19],"the":[20,41,60,65,79,83,87,98,104],"DFRC":[21],"base":[22],"station":[23],"communicates":[24],"with":[25,29],"downlink":[26],"communication":[27],"users,":[28],"imperfect":[30],"channel":[31],"state":[32],"information":[33],"knowledge,":[34],"performs":[36],"target":[37],"detection,":[38],"all":[39],"via":[40],"same":[42],"transmit":[43],"signal.":[44],"Through":[45],"careful":[46],"relaxation":[47],"procedures,":[48],"we":[49],"arrive":[50],"at":[51],"suitable":[53],"novel":[55],"optimization":[56],"problem,":[57,88],"which":[58],"maximizes":[59],"radar":[61],"output":[62],"power":[63],"Bartlett":[66],"sense,":[67],"under":[68],"probabilistic":[69],"outage":[70],"signal-to-interference-and-noise":[71],"ratio":[72],"constraints.":[73],"Theoretical":[74],"analysis":[75],"proves":[76],"optimality":[77],"of":[78,86,103],"solution":[80],"given":[81],"by":[82],"relaxed":[84],"version":[85],"as":[89,91],"well":[90],"closed-form":[92],"solutions":[93],"certain":[95],"scenarios.":[96],"Finally,":[97],"achieved":[99],"performances":[100],"trade-offs":[102],"proposed":[105],"are":[108],"demonstrated":[109],"through":[110],"numerical":[111],"simulations.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":58},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
