{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3214572167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3126833","title":"Robust Design for Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Assisted Secrecy SWIPT Network","display_name":"Robust Design for Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Assisted Secrecy SWIPT Network","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3214572167","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3126833","mag":"3214572167"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3126833","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3126833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10151711/1/single.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073093512","display_name":"Hehao Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6423-3482"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hehao Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronic Countermeasure, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronic Countermeasure, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051251573","display_name":"Zheng Chu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9715-3190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136859","display_name":"Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04jn0td46","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Communication Network and Security, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Communication Network and Security, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011900098","display_name":"Fuhui Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6880-6244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fuhui Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electromagnetic Spectrum Space, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering and the Key Laboratory of Dynamic Cognitive System of Electromagnetic Spectrum Space, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086926899","display_name":"Zhengyu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6562-8243"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38877650","display_name":"Zhengzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ypx8c21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengyu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38877650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100754196","display_name":"Li Zhen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6340-2873"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136859","display_name":"Xi\u2019an University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04jn0td46","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Zhen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Communication Network and Security, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xian, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Communication Network and Security, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136859"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011048761","display_name":"Kai\u2010Kit Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7521-0078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai-Kit Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073093512"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.0227,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":90,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98206382,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"6","first_page":"4133","last_page":"4149"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.972000002861023,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7797126173973083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7167656421661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.6742675304412842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5683851838111877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.514323353767395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-power-transfer-theorem","display_name":"Maximum power transfer theorem","score":0.5113734602928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-noise","display_name":"Artificial noise","score":0.5011379718780518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convex-optimization","display_name":"Convex optimization","score":0.4816697835922241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4790262281894684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.4285028874874115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.319805383682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.27188652753829956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.24635839462280273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-polygon","display_name":"Regular polygon","score":0.1800248622894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13130083680152893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12477222084999084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12050914764404297}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7797126173973083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7167656421661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.6742675304412842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5683851838111877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.514323353767395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17103352","display_name":"Maximum power transfer theorem","level":3,"score":0.5113734602928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780909371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4801092","display_name":"Artificial noise","level":4,"score":0.5011379718780518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157972887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463359","display_name":"Convex optimization","level":3,"score":0.4816697835922241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4790262281894684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.4285028874874115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.319805383682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.27188652753829956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.24635839462280273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112680207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q714886","display_name":"Regular polygon","level":2,"score":0.1800248622894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13130083680152893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12477222084999084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12050914764404297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3126833","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3126833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10151711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10151711/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10151711/1/single.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"   IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications , 21  (6)   pp. 4133-4149.   (2022)      ","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10151711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10151711/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10151711/1/single.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"   IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications , 21  (6)   pp. 4133-4149.   (2022)      ","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2060091859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62031012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3621305169","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020M682345","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3831873211","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61901370","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5901541338","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62071223","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5951051653","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61901490","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6191567456","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61771431","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7045254897","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61801434","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7443882198","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61801435","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311778","display_name":"China Association for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/035vmht26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3214572167.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3214572167.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966000877","https://openalex.org/W2042599231","https://openalex.org/W2784709112","https://openalex.org/W2887936627","https://openalex.org/W2890375270","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2964113506","https://openalex.org/W2964129085","https://openalex.org/W2968389137","https://openalex.org/W2969424089","https://openalex.org/W2973110004","https://openalex.org/W2975790550","https://openalex.org/W2996961035","https://openalex.org/W3001977108","https://openalex.org/W3021225717","https://openalex.org/W3027118737","https://openalex.org/W3033175307","https://openalex.org/W3035088654","https://openalex.org/W3035386068","https://openalex.org/W3036056878","https://openalex.org/W3036886449","https://openalex.org/W3038534820","https://openalex.org/W3039402952","https://openalex.org/W3040433108","https://openalex.org/W3040458116","https://openalex.org/W3045295509","https://openalex.org/W3046207563","https://openalex.org/W3048090405","https://openalex.org/W3049479273","https://openalex.org/W3087782700","https://openalex.org/W3096023787","https://openalex.org/W3100536113","https://openalex.org/W3101007526","https://openalex.org/W3104968730","https://openalex.org/W3105416149","https://openalex.org/W3106758637","https://openalex.org/W3110826876","https://openalex.org/W3111080731","https://openalex.org/W3112776227","https://openalex.org/W3119688404","https://openalex.org/W3121243975","https://openalex.org/W3128954508","https://openalex.org/W3130437501","https://openalex.org/W3172626944","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4252937232","https://openalex.org/W6785558842","https://openalex.org/W6787473162"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3159852908","https://openalex.org/W2994678687","https://openalex.org/W3004201425","https://openalex.org/W2088352174","https://openalex.org/W4286695888","https://openalex.org/W2478698443","https://openalex.org/W4327661444","https://openalex.org/W2161061958","https://openalex.org/W2034991012","https://openalex.org/W2010804147"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,16,33,48,58,69,75,82,96,119,125,130,145,156,160],"robust":[4,61,71],"beamforming":[5],"design":[6,85,148],"in":[7,87],"a":[8,137],"secrecy":[9,62],"multiple-input":[10],"single-output":[11],"(MISO)":[12],"network":[13],"aided":[14],"by":[15,30,129],"intelligent":[17],"reflecting":[18],"surface":[19],"(IRS)":[20],"with":[21,149],"simultaneous":[22],"wireless":[23],"information":[24,45,72,77],"and":[25,41,50,89,100],"power":[26],"transfer":[27],"(SWIPT).":[28],"Specifically,":[29],"considering":[31],"that":[32],"energy":[34],"receivers":[35,78],"(ERs)":[36],"are":[37],"potential":[38],"eavesdroppers":[39],"(Eves)":[40],"imperfect":[42],"channel":[43],"state":[44],"(CSI)":[46],"of":[47,124,159],"direct":[49],"cascaded":[51],"channels":[52],"can":[53],"be":[54],"obtained,":[55],"we":[56,94],"investigate":[57],"max-min":[59],"fairness":[60],"design.":[63,162],"The":[64],"objective":[65],"is":[66,127,141],"to":[67,106,143],"maximize":[68],"minimum":[70],"rate":[73],"among":[74],"legitimate":[76],"(IRs).":[79],"To":[80],"solve":[81],"formulated":[83],"non-convex":[84],"problem":[86],"bounded":[88],"probabilistic":[90],"CSI":[91],"error":[92],"models,":[93],"utilize":[95],"alternating":[97],"optimization":[98],"(AO)":[99],"successive":[101],"convex":[102],"approximation":[103],"(SCA)":[104],"methods":[105],"obtain":[107],"an":[108,112],"approximate":[109],"problem.":[110],"Then,":[111],"iteration-based":[113],"algorithm":[114],"framework":[115],"was":[116],"proposed,":[117],"where":[118],"unit":[120],"modulus":[121],"constraint":[122],"(UMC)":[123],"IRS":[126],"handled":[128],"penalty":[131],"dual":[132],"decomposition":[133],"(PDD)":[134],"method.":[135],"Moreover,":[136],"stochastic":[138],"SCA":[139],"method":[140],"proposed":[142,161],"handle":[144],"outage":[146],"constrained":[147],"statistical":[150],"CSI.":[151],"Finally,":[152],"simulation":[153],"results":[154],"validate":[155],"promising":[157],"performance":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}