{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3209137861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3123454","title":"A Geometry-Based Game Theoretical Model of Blind and Reactive Underwater Jamming","display_name":"A Geometry-Based Game Theoretical Model of Blind and Reactive Underwater Jamming","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3209137861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3123454","mag":"3209137861"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3123454","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3123454","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079128117","display_name":"Alberto Signori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7698-3910"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Signori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031458924","display_name":"Federico Chiariotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7915-7275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","display_name":"Aalborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04m5j1k67","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Federico Chiariotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Systems, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Systems, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074758675","display_name":"Filippo Campagnaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0432-7310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Filippo Campagnaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036332748","display_name":"Roberto Petroccia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1298-2457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162703","display_name":"North Atlantic Treaty Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/05xagc088","country_code":"BE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162703"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Petroccia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology Organization (STO)-Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation, NATO, La Spezia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology Organization (STO)-Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation, NATO, La Spezia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162703"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067470743","display_name":"Konstantinos Pelekanakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1118-3458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162703","display_name":"North Atlantic Treaty Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/05xagc088","country_code":"BE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162703"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Pelekanakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology Organization (STO)-Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation, NATO, La Spezia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology Organization (STO)-Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation, NATO, La Spezia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162703"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009155933","display_name":"Pietro Paglierani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7786-0848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162703","display_name":"North Atlantic Treaty Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/05xagc088","country_code":"BE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162703"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pietro Paglierani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology Organization (STO)-Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation, NATO, La Spezia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology Organization (STO)-Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation, NATO, La Spezia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162703"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082009300","display_name":"Jo\u00e3o Alves","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8142-781X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162703","display_name":"North Atlantic Treaty Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/05xagc088","country_code":"BE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162703"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joao Alves","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology Organization (STO)-Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation, NATO, La Spezia, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology Organization (STO)-Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation, NATO, La Spezia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162703"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005894115","display_name":"Michele Zorzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2870-4678"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120321","display_name":"Consorzio Futuro in Ricerca","ror":"https://ror.org/0320gnw44","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120321"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","display_name":"University of Padua","ror":"https://ror.org/00240q980","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michele Zorzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy","Consorzio Futuro in Ricerca, Ferrara, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consorzio Futuro in Ricerca, Ferrara, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120321"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079128117"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88874657,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"6","first_page":"3737","last_page":"3751"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9692000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9677000045776367,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jamming","display_name":"Jamming","score":0.8934634923934937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7530525922775269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.5378678441047668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5295026302337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.5216712951660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.46033865213394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.4179072380065918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3487432599067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.2760222554206848}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779079576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092823","display_name":"Jamming","level":2,"score":0.8934634923934937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7530525922775269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.5378678441047668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5295026302337646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.5216712951660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.46033865213394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.4179072380065918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3487432599067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.2760222554206848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3123454","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3123454","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/a1a2debd-c092-4047-953e-d54ceae3cbcd","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://vbn.aau.dk/da/publications/a1a2debd-c092-4047-953e-d54ceae3cbcd","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401731","display_name":"VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I891191580","host_organization_name":"Aalborg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I891191580"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Signori, A, Chiariotti, F, Campagnaro, F, Petroccia, R, Pelekanakis, K, Paglierani, P, Alves, J & Zorzi, M 2022, 'A Geometry-Based Game Theoretical Model of Blind and Reactive Underwater Jamming', IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 3737-3751. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2021.3123454","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research.unipd.it:11577/3409483","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3409483","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196283","display_name":"Research Padua  Archive (University of Padua)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G630898520","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N62909-17-1-2093","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338298","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research Global"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320317","display_name":"North Atlantic Treaty Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/05xagc088"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338298","display_name":"Office of Naval Research Global","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506933769","https://openalex.org/W1511827524","https://openalex.org/W1832756834","https://openalex.org/W1908308678","https://openalex.org/W1957358593","https://openalex.org/W1979797208","https://openalex.org/W2003033116","https://openalex.org/W2004203064","https://openalex.org/W2014715688","https://openalex.org/W2048187645","https://openalex.org/W2065483835","https://openalex.org/W2076688207","https://openalex.org/W2077266000","https://openalex.org/W2089649903","https://openalex.org/W2107989834","https://openalex.org/W2112274222","https://openalex.org/W2118521282","https://openalex.org/W2125613347","https://openalex.org/W2133171409","https://openalex.org/W2134127796","https://openalex.org/W2153266861","https://openalex.org/W2161385112","https://openalex.org/W2161513761","https://openalex.org/W2167650276","https://openalex.org/W2169011930","https://openalex.org/W2182112064","https://openalex.org/W2288458277","https://openalex.org/W2527950888","https://openalex.org/W2645292813","https://openalex.org/W2653542547","https://openalex.org/W2737470908","https://openalex.org/W2765930215","https://openalex.org/W2783430957","https://openalex.org/W2894239516","https://openalex.org/W2901904672","https://openalex.org/W2905012031","https://openalex.org/W2905106251","https://openalex.org/W2910408385","https://openalex.org/W2946061591","https://openalex.org/W2993716273","https://openalex.org/W2996821980","https://openalex.org/W3003800505","https://openalex.org/W3006002507","https://openalex.org/W3011345039","https://openalex.org/W3013452721","https://openalex.org/W3105108969"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2765763546","https://openalex.org/W4386482731","https://openalex.org/W4385302085","https://openalex.org/W2360429410","https://openalex.org/W4390188535","https://openalex.org/W4256682929","https://openalex.org/W1984793747","https://openalex.org/W335511927","https://openalex.org/W4312547492","https://openalex.org/W2471811227"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Security":[0],"is":[1],"a":[2,107,136,139,143],"critical":[3,59],"consideration":[4],"in":[5,17,49,67,77],"Underwater":[6],"Acoustic":[7],"Networks":[8],"(UANs)":[9],"due":[10],"to":[11,29,93,181,189],"the":[12,15,51,68,73,81,85,88,96,100,111,119,122,133,153,157,160,170,176,183,186,191,196],"importance":[13],"of":[14,21,38,70,75,99,115,124,135,152,159,173,178],"applications":[16,28],"which":[18],"these":[19,58],"types":[20],"networks":[22],"are":[23],"often":[24],"employed,":[25],"from":[26],"military":[27],"marine":[30],"natural":[31],"disaster":[32],"prevention.":[33],"Furthermore,":[34],"even":[35],"simple":[36],"Denial":[37],"Service":[39],"(DoS)":[40],"attacks":[41],"such":[42,79],"as":[43,80],"jamming":[44,62,126,192],"can":[45,105],"be":[46,94],"very":[47],"effective":[48],"disrupting":[50],"communication,":[52,184],"with":[53],"significant":[54],"negative":[55],"consequences":[56],"for":[57,121,149],"applications.":[60],"While":[61],"has":[63],"been":[64],"widely":[65],"studied":[66],"context":[69],"terrestrial":[71],"networks,":[72],"peculiarities":[74],"propagation":[76,83],"UANs,":[78],"low":[82],"speed,":[84],"multipath,":[86],"and":[87,103,113,138,166],"high":[89],"delay":[90],"spread,":[91],"need":[92],"considered:":[95],"relative":[97],"positions":[98],"jammer,":[101],"transmitter,":[102],"receiver":[104],"have":[106],"huge":[108],"impact":[109,114,158],"on":[110],"feasibility":[112],"reactive":[116,137],"jamming,":[117],"opening":[118],"way":[120],"exploitation":[123],"other":[125],"models.":[127],"In":[128],"this":[129],"paper,":[130],"we":[131],"analyze":[132],"effectiveness":[134],"blind":[140],"jammer":[141],"through":[142],"game":[144],"theoretical":[145],"framework,":[146],"comparing":[147],"them":[148],"different":[150,161,164],"geometries":[151],"scenario.":[154],"We":[155],"assess":[156],"jammers,":[162],"employing":[163],"active":[165],"evasive":[167],"strategies,":[168],"where":[169],"first":[171],"type":[172],"countermeasure":[174],"implies":[175],"use":[177],"additional":[179],"energy":[180],"protect":[182],"while":[185],"second":[187],"tries":[188],"avoid":[190],"signals":[193],"by":[194],"randomizing":[195],"transmission":[197],"pattern.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2021-11-08T00:00:00"}