{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3194975941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3104743","title":"A Deep Neural Architecture for Real-Time Access Point Scheduling in Uplink Cell-Free Massive MIMO","display_name":"A Deep Neural Architecture for Real-Time Access Point Scheduling in Uplink Cell-Free Massive MIMO","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3194975941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3104743","mag":"3194975941"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3104743","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3104743","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049670258","display_name":"Mamoun Guenach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0620-8043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mamoun Guenach","raw_affiliation_strings":["imec, Leuven, Belgium","Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"imec, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018546627","display_name":"A. A. Gorji","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali A. Gorji","raw_affiliation_strings":["imec, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"imec, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016885070","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Bourdoux","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9264-7850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andre Bourdoux","raw_affiliation_strings":["imec, Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"imec, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049670258"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200","https://openalex.org/I4210114974"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0054,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86735962,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"3","first_page":"1529","last_page":"1541"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8105815649032593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6399487853050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.559739887714386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5123406648635864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4818602502346039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3466966152191162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.33035093545913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.2881620526313782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25400808453559875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1970280110836029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.14968028664588928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13549324870109558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09608903527259827}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8105815649032593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6399487853050232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.559739887714386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5123406648635864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4818602502346039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3466966152191162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.33035093545913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2881620526313782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25400808453559875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1970280110836029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.14968028664588928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13549324870109558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09608903527259827}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3104743","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3104743","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1503398984","https://openalex.org/W1557578388","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2023535408","https://openalex.org/W2145417574","https://openalex.org/W2159339877","https://openalex.org/W2286275639","https://openalex.org/W2291159204","https://openalex.org/W2593893328","https://openalex.org/W2595019094","https://openalex.org/W2610350904","https://openalex.org/W2797535556","https://openalex.org/W2802557767","https://openalex.org/W2806940272","https://openalex.org/W2889454423","https://openalex.org/W2895051796","https://openalex.org/W2941421756","https://openalex.org/W2963020121","https://openalex.org/W2963101290","https://openalex.org/W2963504849","https://openalex.org/W2963599038","https://openalex.org/W2968074955","https://openalex.org/W2991195371","https://openalex.org/W2992716901","https://openalex.org/W3002624084","https://openalex.org/W3003247710","https://openalex.org/W3010988727","https://openalex.org/W3015490749","https://openalex.org/W3032666109","https://openalex.org/W3033044509","https://openalex.org/W3041415426","https://openalex.org/W3044781044","https://openalex.org/W3045912855","https://openalex.org/W3047863327","https://openalex.org/W3080119680","https://openalex.org/W3082453238","https://openalex.org/W3099019646","https://openalex.org/W3114453971","https://openalex.org/W3124474284","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4288281758","https://openalex.org/W6755872935"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2548963335","https://openalex.org/W2159941915","https://openalex.org/W1995129237","https://openalex.org/W1761601995","https://openalex.org/W4300468626","https://openalex.org/W2904599916","https://openalex.org/W2097713053","https://openalex.org/W4321608401","https://openalex.org/W2909457694","https://openalex.org/W3040536194"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,37,54,77,91,102,155],"novel":[4],"hybrid":[5],"architecture":[6,100],"is":[7,45,59],"proposed":[8,99,125],"combining":[9],"expert":[10],"knowledge":[11],"for":[12,52],"optimal":[13],"power":[14],"allocation":[15],"and":[16,67,95,111,133],"deep":[17],"artificial":[18],"neural":[19],"networks":[20],"(ANN)":[21],"to":[22,70,80,88,129],"address":[23],"the":[24,72,82,86,98,107,113,120,124,138,142,146,149],"access-point":[25],"scheduling":[26,43],"problem":[27,51],"in":[28,152],"cell-free":[29],"massive":[30],"multiple-input":[31],"multiple-output":[32],"(MIMO)":[33],"communication":[34],"systems":[35],"with":[36,90,127,154],"serial":[38],"bandwidth-limited":[39],"fronthaul":[40,96,108],"architecture.":[41],"The":[42],"task":[44],"formulated":[46],"as":[47],"an":[48],"image":[49],"segmentation":[50],"which":[53],"supervised":[55],"encoder-decoder":[56],"like":[57],"ANN":[58,143],"proposed.":[60],"It":[61],"consists":[62],"of":[63,123,141,148,158],"serially":[64],"concatenated":[65],"contraction":[66],"expansion":[68],"layers":[69],"maximize":[71],"(regularized)":[73],"cross-entropy,":[74],"followed":[75],"by":[76],"binary":[78],"projection":[79],"undo":[81],"relaxation":[83],"problem.":[84],"Besides":[85],"robustness":[87],"scenarios":[89,153],"time-varying":[92],"system":[93],"load":[94],"bandwidth,":[97],"provides":[101],"complexity-efficient":[103],"solution":[104,126],"that":[105],"fulfills":[106],"bandwidth":[109],"constraints":[110],"satisfies":[112],"real-time":[114],"considerations.":[115],"Our":[116],"experimental":[117],"results":[118],"verify":[119],"competitive":[121],"performance":[122],"respect":[128],"both":[130],"nonlinear":[131],"solvers":[132],"state-of-art":[134],"convex":[135],"algorithms":[136],"while":[137],"time":[139],"efficiency":[140],"model":[144],"outperforms":[145],"state":[147],"art,":[150],"especially,":[151],"large":[156],"number":[157],"users.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
