{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3167112637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3085303","title":"Deep Learning-Based Cellular Random Access Framework","display_name":"Deep Learning-Based Cellular Random Access Framework","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3167112637","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3085303","mag":"3167112637"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3085303","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3085303","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029721158","display_name":"Han Seung Jang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9024-8952"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111277659","display_name":"Chonnam National University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kzjxq56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Han Seung Jang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Electronic Communication, and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeousu, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Electronic Communication, and Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeousu, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100667504","display_name":"Hoon Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0753-8324"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8991828","display_name":"Pukyong National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0433kqc49","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8991828"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hoon Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Smart Robot Convergence and Application Engineering and the Department of Information and Communications Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Smart Robot Convergence and Application Engineering and the Department of Information and Communications Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8991828"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030858163","display_name":"Tony Q. S. Quek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4037-3149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152815399","display_name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05j6fvn87","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}],"countries":["KR","SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tony Q. S. Quek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea","Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007557286","display_name":"Hyundong Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3364-8084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyundong Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029721158"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111277659"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7323,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90611409,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"11","first_page":"7503","last_page":"7518"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preamble","display_name":"Preamble","score":0.9884600639343262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-access","display_name":"Random access","score":0.8014538288116455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7807354927062988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5146211385726929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.48993533849716187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.46553245186805725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.42301711440086365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.421206533908844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.4174641966819763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4083442687988281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3871365189552307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3727841377258301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.36278730630874634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3251442313194275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.14991366863250732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07137325406074524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780691134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129448","display_name":"Preamble","level":3,"score":0.9884600639343262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101722063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218825","display_name":"Random access","level":2,"score":0.8014538288116455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7807354927062988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5146211385726929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.48993533849716187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.46553245186805725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.42301711440086365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.421206533908844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.4174641966819763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4083442687988281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3871365189552307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3727841377258301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.36278730630874634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3251442313194275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.14991366863250732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07137325406074524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3085303","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2021.3085303","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S63459445","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","issn_l":"1536-1276","issn":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.unist.ac.kr:201301/65447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9449922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401118","display_name":"Scholarworks@UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","host_organization_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"ARTICLE"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4818285106","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019R1F1A1060648","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G860022462","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019R1F1A1061023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490674876","https://openalex.org/W1605688901","https://openalex.org/W1643561535","https://openalex.org/W1964800332","https://openalex.org/W1979258026","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2119977207","https://openalex.org/W2132411069","https://openalex.org/W2138706041","https://openalex.org/W2150757437","https://openalex.org/W2168189133","https://openalex.org/W2337991725","https://openalex.org/W2402669159","https://openalex.org/W2422021507","https://openalex.org/W2478503558","https://openalex.org/W2515821832","https://openalex.org/W2562180609","https://openalex.org/W2592045751","https://openalex.org/W2734408173","https://openalex.org/W2736048253","https://openalex.org/W2736068844","https://openalex.org/W2797462110","https://openalex.org/W2798076646","https://openalex.org/W2883104796","https://openalex.org/W2884089434","https://openalex.org/W2885238370","https://openalex.org/W2894241318","https://openalex.org/W2901602538","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2962932335","https://openalex.org/W2963997283","https://openalex.org/W2969973926","https://openalex.org/W3009118568","https://openalex.org/W3009376554","https://openalex.org/W3033015324","https://openalex.org/W3082475321","https://openalex.org/W3130416401","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W6779377724"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2586215923","https://openalex.org/W3198850615","https://openalex.org/W2575325773","https://openalex.org/W2393245530","https://openalex.org/W2900300196","https://openalex.org/W2740111078","https://openalex.org/W143843055","https://openalex.org/W3119672506","https://openalex.org/W2519310898","https://openalex.org/W2889234188"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Random":[0],"access":[1,36],"(RA)":[2],"or":[3],"preamble":[4,47,65,103,139],"collision":[5],"is":[6],"one":[7],"of":[8,25,53,121,128,135,154,166],"the":[9,17,32,50,54,74,97,119,126,129,136,151,155],"crucial":[10],"problems":[11],"in":[12,73,175,189],"massive":[13,23,75,190],"internet-of-things":[14],"(IoT)":[15],"at":[16,49],"network":[18],"entry":[19],"stage.":[20],"Since":[21],"a":[22,83,162,184],"number":[24],"IoT":[26,76,191],"nodes":[27],"simultaneously":[28],"attempt":[29],"RAs":[30],"on":[31],"same":[33],"physical":[34],"random":[35],"channel":[37],"(PRACH),":[38],"preambles":[39],"may":[40],"be":[41],"selected":[42],"by":[43],"multiple":[44],"nodes,":[45],"incurring":[46],"collisions":[48],"first":[51],"step":[52],"RA":[55,59,70,88,122,131,158,168,176,187],"procedure.":[56,132],"However,":[57],"conventional":[58],"models":[60],"are":[61,110,143],"limited":[62,179],"to":[63],"binary":[64],"detections":[66],"which":[67,90,170],"poses":[68],"severe":[69],"performance":[71,153],"loss":[72],"environment.":[77,192],"In":[78,100],"this":[79],"paper,":[80],"we":[81],"propose":[82],"deep":[84,113],"learning":[85],"(DL)-based":[86],"end-to-end":[87],"framework":[89],"has":[91],"detection":[92],"and":[93,105,140,181],"resolution":[94],"abilities":[95],"for":[96,117],"collided":[98],"preambles.":[99],"particular,":[101],"advanced":[102],"classification":[104],"timing":[106],"advance":[107],"(TA)":[108],"classifications":[109],"performed":[111],"using":[112],"neural":[114],"networks":[115],"(DNNs)":[116],"improving":[118],"probability":[120,165],"success":[123],"while":[124],"reducing":[125],"delay":[127,188],"entire":[130],"The":[133],"effectiveness":[134],"proposed":[137,156],"DNN-based":[138],"TA":[141],"classifiers":[142],"demonstrated":[144],"through":[145],"extensive":[146],"simulations.":[147],"We":[148],"further":[149],"evaluate":[150],"system-level":[152],"DL-based":[157],"model.":[159],"It":[160],"shows":[161],"significantly":[163,185],"higher":[164],"instant":[167],"success,":[169],"makes":[171],"every":[172],"node":[173],"succeed":[174],"with":[177],"very":[178],"reattempts,":[180],"also":[182],"maintains":[183],"lower":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
